BIBLIOGRAPHIC INPUT SHEET TEMPORARY Patterns of mortality ...

324 Pattems of Mortality in Childhood
Fia. 162. Percentage of Households with Three Fla. 163. Percentage of Households with at
or More Persons per Room among Families of Least Three Persons per Room among Families of
Infants Dying in Postneonatal Period in 22 Areas Infants Dying in Neonatal and Postneonatal
of 14 Projects.
Periods in 13 Latin American Projects Combined.
FIRCENT
Fl CENT
0 20 40 60 sO 1 100
11 b 10 20 30 40 so
n luMNA * giU A ,IOI,
Soi SALM
m
IUiGPCI-. AW
*.,.
omam
Cm,I W 3 PERSONS =A PERSONS OR MOll
PER ROOM PE OOM
j PAZ
OIL
These findings, as well as those presented
A0,Hill Kiearlier
in this chapter, indicate that environ-
SEXIi
mental conditions were less favorable for
t F
the families of infants dying in the post­
MW3' neonatal period. Significaim inverse correlations
were obtained between percentage
of families of such infants served with piped
water and postneonatal leath rates.
group (Table 191 and Figure 163). The
percentages for the two groups-postnco- i Concentration
h entlpro of mortalityoeundernfmle
a 5 years
natal and neonatal-were 29.1 and 20.2 for in the neonatal period wats noted in families
with piped water inside the house and flush
four more persons per room and 16.0
andr 13.for tre persons per room,ande1 toilets. In fact, in five of the Latin Amerand
13.3 for three persons per room, thereby ican areas more than 60 per cent of the
indicating greater crowding in families with deaths of children under 5 years in such
postneonatal deaths than in those with ne- families occurred in the neonatal period-a
favorable relationship such as that found in
IF
areas with low death rates in infancy and
early childhood. In contrast, in families
TABLE 191. Percentage Distribution of Persons without water and toilet facilities high proper
Room in Families of Infants Dying in Neonatal
and Postneonatal Periods in 13 Latin Amer- portions of the deaths occurred in the age
ican Projects Combined.
periods when unfavorable environmental
Persons per room Neonatal Postneonstal conditions combined with susceptibility to
period period infectious agents result in high death rates.
Less than 1 ........... 12.3 5.7 The provision of water supplies and sanitary
................... 30.5 25.4 facilities to mucih higher proportions of
2................... 23.8 23.8 families in many urban and rural areas is
3.................. 13.3 10.0
4 or more ............ 20.2 29.1 essential for bringing about major reductions
in postneonatal mortality.