BIBLIOGRAPHIC INPUT SHEET TEMPORARY Patterns of mortality ...

266 Patternsof Mortalityin Childhood
The patterbs of mortality from diarrheal exposure to infectious agents and also some
disease in the first few months of life were immunity may be obtained through tile
found to differ markedly in the Latin Amer- milk or the infant's nutritional status may
ican projects (Chapter VIII, Figure 71). be better.
Exceedingly high death rates were noted Deaths from diarrheal disease are anin
the first few months of life in Recife and alyzed in this section according to the his-
Siio Paulo. These projects are in areas tory of breast feeding, with four divisions
where breast feeding is practiced only oln made: (1) breast fed and never weaned;
a very limited scale. In contrast, the death (2) breast fed for at least a month; (3)
rates in the Bolivia project, in Cartagena, breast fed for less than a month; and (4)
and in Kingston-St. Andrew seemed to be not breast fed. Table 161 gives the numrelatively
low and constant by month of age bers and percentages of deaths from all
in the first year of life. These areas were causes that were due to diarrheal disease
found to have higher proportions of infants in these four groups (those with months of
breast fed for at least a month. Several of breast feeding unknown are included with
the above-mentioned factors concerning those breast fed for one nonth or longer).
mother's milk are probably involved in the In Figure 134 the projects are shown first
reduction of mortality from diarrheal dis- (left section) according to the proportions
ease; with breast feeding there may be less of deaths from all causes that were due to
TABLE 161. Deaths from Diarrheal Disease as Underlying Cause According to Breast Feeding of In.
fants' Dying at 28 Days-5 Months of Age in 13 Latin American Projects.
Breast fed Breast fed Breast fed
never weaned one month or longer less than one month Not breast fed
Project Diarrheal Diarrheal Diarrheal Diarrheal
disease disease disease disease
Deaths _ _ Deaths - Deaths - Deaths
No. % No. % No. % No. %
Total ................... 1,.405 440 31.7 2,286 1,175 51.4 2,384 1,292 54.2 1,916 991 51.7
ARGENTINA
Chaco Province ......... 190 80 40.8 174 101 58.0 60 43 05.2 91 48 52.7
San Juan Province ....... 73 16 20.5 299 113 37.8 205 74 30.1 108 49 45.4
BOLIVIA project ......... 380 100 26.3 118 37 31.4 76 25 32.9 03 27 42.9
BRAZIL
Recife ................. 30 19 52.8 161 110 68.3 499 339 07.9 213 141 66.2
Ribeirfto Prfto .......... 40 13 32.6 77 51 66.2 89 52 58.4 78 45 57.7
Smo Paulo .............. 51 10 31.4 316 155 49.2 489 242 49.5 315 149 47.3
CHILE project ........... 80 17 21.2 310 109 35.2 211 68 32.2 157 51 32.5
COLOMBIA
Call ................... 27 9 33.3 83 44 53.0 81 36 44.4 47 27 67.4
Cartagena .............. 70 20 28.6 04 35 54.7 14 4 28.6 23 13 56.6
Medellin ............... 34 14 41.2 60 39 59.1 62 32 51.6 55 24 43.6
EL SALVADOR project... 107 51 47.7 207 165 74.9 421 294 69.8 319 190 59.6
JAMAICA
Kingston-St. Andrew. 74 18 24.3 103 66 54.4 51 19 37.3 60 29 48.3
MEXICO
Monterrey .............. 237 74 31.2 309 170 55.0 120 64 53.3 387 198 51.2
In families in which home interviews were conducted and information was provided.