BIBLIOGRAPHIC INPUT SHEET TEMPORARY Patterns of mortality ...

ChapterX. CongenitalAnomalies
100
higher order, which is indicative of an unusual
frequency in such orders.
The unusually high death rates for anencephalus
in Belfast, Ireland (Stevenson
and Warnoek, 1959) have been known for
many years, and Stevenson et al. (1966)
also found evidence of high frequency in
Alexandria, Egypt, as well as many cases
in Bombay, India, and in one of the hospitals
in Mexico City. In their study (1966)
stillbirths and live births were combined in
the analyses. From the tabulation of their
cases it is possible to obtain the number of
anomalies of the nervous system in those
born alive and to calculate rates. In thie
Belfast series of 27,138 live births there were
145 infants with anomaiis of the nervous
system, or a rate of 534.3 per 100,000 live
births, which is much higher than that foundt
in any of the projects in the Investigation.
However, in Belfast the number of stillbirths
with anomalies of the nervous systen,
principally aneneephalus, was practically
the same as the number of those
born alive with such anomalies (146 stillbirths
and 145 live births). In the series
in Egypt the number of live-born infants
with such anomalies was 12, or 136.2 per
100,000 live births, which is lower than the
rates in three )rojects of the Investigation.
However, there were in adhitio11 6. fetal
deaths with those conditions, which indieated
a high total frequency of anonmalies
of the nervous system. The sant- unequal
distrilution of tlese anomalies of the norvous
system (64 fetal deaths to 12 live
births) may be occurring illother areas.
Ihus mealsuement of this serious Itrolllem
Icquires thorough investigation of both fetal
dleaths and live births.
c etha liv thse
lies of the ,evous system in six cities ili
the A lr ias, irs ete in aih 110, were
obtained fron basic tabulations in the
WHO study (Stevenson et al.. 19661. Three
cities-Silo Paulo, Mexico ('ity, and Panania-apl)eare(d
to have similar rates, and
TAInu.; 110. Mortality front Congenital Malformations" Diagnosed in Singlh Live Births in Hospitals
in Latin America in WHO Study Condutied in 1061-106.1.
1,own's
A
Ileart
great
vnls
No. Rate No. Hate No. Hate
No. Ilate No. Hate No. IRate No. Hate
-Centra Iirvr os8 myntle
Total
Totaluinti
Single Malfornmed Anenceph- S(Iioa Oisease
City live Total ailu Ift ja ter
births
B I and B2 HII. ".6 I',7. (1
BRAZIL-
S o Paulo .... 13,910 198 1.423.4 20 143.8 2 14.4
CHILE
Santiago ..... 23.085 213 922.7 23 990 4 I.,3
COLOMBIA
nogotA ........ 18.408 318 173,2 i9 103.2 - -
Medellin ..... 20,191 217 1,074.7 II 54.5 4 19.8
MEXICO
14 OM. I 28.8 7 50.3 0) 6.1.7
12 52. 7 30.3 ;17 160.3 :t 13.0
7
2 10.91 17 02.4 i0 54:1 9 48.0
4 111.8 3 1.1.918 89.1 17 84.2
AexicoCity . 38,390 488 1,271.2 G0 156.3 I6 .11.720 75. 5 15 311.1 (18 177.1 30 78.1
PANAMA
Panama City. 15.57.1 306 1,964.8 24 15.1.1 5 32.1 10 64.2 9 7.8 1. 06.:3 2 12.8
hlates per 100,000 live nirths.
bThe Codes A-D used in the Basic Tabiulations are Riven.
c Two hospitals of lexican Institute of Social Securit.'.
Source: Stevenson dtal. (1066). Basi Tabulations of Coaiparative Stuly of Congenital Malforuations of WHO.