BIBLIOGRAPHIC INPUT SHEET TEMPORARY Patterns of mortality ...

ChapterIX. NutritionalDeficiency
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TABLr 06. Mortalitya from Nutritional Deficiency, by Type and by Month of Age, in First Two Years
of Life in 13 Latin American Projects Combined.
Month of age
Total
Avitarninoses
(200-260)
Protein Nutritional Other
malnutrition inarasmus deficiency
(207)
(268)
(269)
No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate
Under I ................. 439 106.5 1 0.2 - - 33 8.0 ,105 98.2
1....................... 904 219.2 - -- 147 35.7 757 183.6
2 ...................... 1,086 263.4 - - 3 0.7 233 56.5 850 206.1
3 ...................... 969 235.0 1 0.2 5 1.2 237 57.5 726 176.1
4 ...................... 821 199.1 3 0.7 7 1.7 233 56.5 578 140.2
5 ...................... 670 162.5 1 0.2 11 2.7 195 47.3 -463 112.3
6 ...................... 607 147.2 1 0.2 25 6.1 182 44.1 399 96.8
7 ...................... 510 123.7 - - 35 8.5 153 37.1 322 78.1
8 ...................... 476 115.4 2 0.5 54 13.1 114 27.6 306 74.2
9 ...................... 424 102.8 1 0.2 65 15.8 10. 25.2 254 61.6
10 .................... 393 95.3 - - 55 13.3 92 22.3 2.46 59.7
11 ..................... 402 97.5 - - 65 15.8 88 21.3 2419 60.4
12 ..................... 413 109.7 - - 88 23.,4 80 21.2 245 65.1
13 ..................... 297 78.9 - - 69 18.3 62 16.5 160 44.1
14 ..................... 283 75.2 2 0.5 68 18.1 56 14.9 157 41.7
15 ..................... 237 62.9 - - 67 17.8 50 13.3 120 31.9
10 ..................... 244 64.8 1 0.3 72 19.1 58 15.4 113 30.0
17 ..................... 225 59.8 - - 64 17.0 36 9.6 125 33.2
18 ..................... 218 57.9 - - 59 15.7 42 11.2 117 31.1
19 ..................... 164 43.6 - - 48 12.7 27 7.2 89 23.6
20 ..................... 141 37.4 -- - 42 11.2 15 4.0 84 22.3
21 ..................... 135 35.9 - - 42 11.2 21 5.6 72 19.1
22 ..................... 111 29.5 - - 37 9.8 20 5.3 54 14.3
23 ..................... 121 32.1 -- 40 10.6 11 2.9 70 18.6
aRates under 1 year of age per 100,000 live births; others per 100,000 population.
dor project is advisable for other areas; for marasmus reached a peak at 2 and 3 months
this purpose it is necessary to have avail- of age and then gradually declined (Table
able adequate data for rural areas as well 96). Some of the survivors of nutritional
as sufficient clinical evidence to distinguish lnarasmus probably later developed proprotein
deficiency from the non-specific tein malnutrition and thus the damage was
states when assigning the cause. Protein laid in this early l)eriod of life. It is theremalnutrition
is an indicator of a serious fore clear that preventive measures are re­
health problem whose impact extends far quired very early in life not only to reduce
beyond childhood. Research is needed in mortality from nutritional deficiency of the
order to ascertain the effect of damage by intermediate and marasmatic types, but to
protein-ealorie malnutrition on future prevent protein malnutrition in the sur­
mothers and determine whether there is a vivors as well.
relationship to low birth weights in their Since for all forms of nutritional deficienoffspring.
cy combined the highest mortality was in
While mortality from protein malnutri- infants 2 and 3 months of age (rates of
tion increased to the highest rates in the 263.4 and 235.0, respectively), there is clear
second year of life, the rates for nutritional evidence of the development of severe forms