BIBLIOGRAPHIC INPUT SHEET TEMPORARY Patterns of mortality ...

178 Patternsof Mortalityin Childhood
the death rates in both urban and rural
areas are shown by three-month intervals
for the first 5 years of life (Table 95). In
the rural municipios protein malnutrition
mortality rose to the peak rate of 498.4 in
the group aged 27-29 months, and then declined
in the older groups. These rates are
illustrated in Figure 90. After the second
year of life protein malnutrition was the
type found in two-thirds of the deaths due
to nutritional deficiency (109 out of 162).
For the 13 Latin American projects coinbined,
the role of the various types of nutritional
deficiency as underlying or associated
cause of death in children under 2
years is shown in Figure 91 and Table 96.
The rates for all types combined were highest
at 2 and 3 months of age and then dedined
in the older groups. Protein malnutrition
was diagnosed for three infants at 2
nmonths of age, for five at 3 months, and for
Fia. 90. Mortality from Nutritional Deficiency
and from Protein Malnutrition for Three-Month
Age Groups Under 5 Years in San Salvador and
Rural Municipios of El Salvador.
, _o_
,o00 -were
2
,00
400
SAN SAtVADOR
Boo -the
RURALMUNICI,OS*
200....
0*t../- 2
2 3
0 I 0, 3 4 I
2,
0
3 '
YEARSOf 'A[
TOTAL NUTRITIONAL. ......... PROTEIN MALNUTRITION. 267
DEFICIENCY t260.269,
-.Smoohed *vetoese fo rur ... iipes.
be., a. erd,, y.... t. p 100,000iv. births,
4
Fiw. 91. Mortality from Nutritional Deficiency,
Protein Malnutrition, and Nutritional Marasmus
by Month of Age in First Two Years of Life in 13
Latin American Projects Combined.
300
2so­
2 200 T nurional
a":oal ToI
\defiieny
a
1,
-
.
1 tOO
/ , 'm sNmri26l s.r 1281" '
o / -.
/ taritonf 'I
d.,
12 . ....... .
0 6 12
AGE IN MONTHS
,I .ge p°,toSoS0 I.° b,,h.
seven at 4 months; the frequency then increased
steadily until the largest numbers
recorded for children aged 12-16
months, and it decreased thereafter during
latter part of the second year of life.
Table 97 shows for the 13 projects combined
the protein malnutrition death rates for the
group under 5 years as a whole as well as for
infants and children 1 year and 2-4 years
old. The death rate of 184.8 pce. 100,000
population for one-year-olds indicates that
these children suffered the greatest mortality
from this type.
This overall picture combining the rates
for all projects does not reveal the gravity
of the protein malnutrition problem in certain
of the projects. Detailed analyses of
the kind presented above for the El Salva­
24