BIBLIOGRAPHIC INPUT SHEET TEMPORARY Patterns of mortality ...

.ChkpterVlIIlInIfe6tiousDiseases 147
TABLE 76. Deaths from Measles' in Children
Under 5 Years of Age in 2! Areas of 15 Prolects.
The death rate was low in tile Chilean
project, an area in which a successful vac-
Project No. Rate eination program had been conducted (as
will be'shown in Table 86, p. 159). The
Total ............................ 2,108 100.4 seriousness of measles in Chile and the in-
ARGENTINA
crease in death rates in the 1950's were
Chaco Province .................. 53 69.0 documented by Ristori et al. (1962), who
Reastencia ................... . 23 55.1
Rural departments .............. 30 85.0 pointed out the i portance of introducing
San Juan Province ............... 9 91.9 vaccination. A massive immunization cam-
San Juan (city) ................ . 10 39.6
Suburban departments .......... . 1 87.2 paign was undertaken in Chile in 1963
Rural departments .............. 55 125.9 (Ristori et al., 1964) and was followed by a
BOLIVIA project .................. 579 366.3
La Paz........................ 554 358.1 sustained program that resulted in a dra-
Viacha ........................ 25 746.3 matic reduction in measles mortality, as
BRAZIL
Recife ........................... 397 320.4 evidenced lby the low rate found in the areas
Ribeirao Prato ................... 46 . of Clile in tis Investigation. The rate was
29 68.0
Ribeirao Prdto (city) ............
Franca ........................ 10 44.8 low also in Kingston-St. Andrew, but the
Communitie ..................... 7 6. fact that six of the nine deaths occurred in
CANADA
Sherbrooke.......................
CHILE project.....................
the last inonth of tile Investigation night
1 1. indicate the beginning of a seasonal in­
21
10.1
Santiago....................... 20 10.4 crease. One death from measles occurred in
Camunas ...................... . 1 6.2
the project in California and one in Sher-
COLOMBIA
Call ............................. 80 79.1 brooke.
Cartagena....................... 105 122.1
Medellin ......................... 89 95.4 In only 88 deaths in the 15 projects was
EL SALVADOR project ............. 178 142.1 measles found to be all associated cause. Of
San Salvador. ................... 127 122.3
Rural ,nunicipi..o .............. 51 238.0 this total of 88, measles was a contributory
JAMAICA
Kingston-St. Andrew ................ 4. b
MEXICO
cause of 36 deaths from all forms of tu­
berculosis (including 17 in Monterrey, 7 in
Monterrey....................... 297 130.3 Bolivia, and 6 in Recife); 14 deaths from
UNITED STATES
California project ................... 0.5 diarrheal disease; 12 fron amebiasis (of
which 10 were in MoIInterrey) ; 12 deaths
a Rates per 100,000 population.
deaths from other causes.
Because of the seriousness of this disease
and tile need for preventive progralis, ilC
findings in the Investigation are reported in
detail. Table 77 provides the number of
deaths by months. In several projects, as
in Cali and Medellin, deaths occurred nearly
every month throughout the 24-lonth pe­
riod of the study. In the Bolivia project the
numbers of deaths were large in the first
few montls, July-November 1968, and large
La Paz, and in San Juan Province the rate
of 125.9 in the rural departments was over
three times that in the city of San Juan.
The differences in mortality between urban
and rural areas are probably due to differiuces
in susceptibility of the population. As
was shown in earlier chapters, the death
rates for nutritional deficiency were higher
in the rural areas, and the child who died
from measles frequently had nutritional deficiency
as an associated cause.
from other specific infections such as diphtheria,
whooping cough, and poliolnyelitis;
4 deaths from congenital anomalies; and 10