BIBLIOGRAPHIC INPUT SHEET TEMPORARY Patterns of mortality ...

12. Patternsof Mortality in Childhood
Fio. 60. Neonatal Mortality from Underlying Causes Other Than Certain Perinatal Causes,
and with Immaturity as Associated Cause in 15 Projects.
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natal deaths are studied by multiple causes. same infants are highly vulnerable, as is in-
The death rates for these conditions as asso- dicated by the high rates found for immafrom
689.2 and 596.4 turity as underlying or associated cause of
ciated causes ranged
in the San Juan Province and El Salvador death.
projects to 29.5 in Sherbrooke. Of the 1,176 To reduce neonatal mortality, the health
neonatal deaths from diseases of the respi- of the mother warrants first attention. Satratory
system, 361 occurred within the first isfactory weight at birth is essential for the
week of life and study of their records re- infant's survival and health, and evidence
vealed that intrauterine infection or aspira- has already been accumulated by Lechtig
tion of amniotic fluid were two important (1972) and Birch (1972) pointing to the
determinants in these fatal respiratory con- relationship of birth weight to the mother's
ditions in neonates. Finally, in 442 (37.6 nutritional state and health. Many factors
per cent) of the neonatal deaths due to resulting from unfavorable environment
respiratory diseases immaturity was assigned
produce their effects on the product of con­
as a contributory cause.
ception during intrauterine life through their
The high death rates in the neonatal pe- influences on the mother. These same facriod
for morbid conditions other than certain tors continue their adverse effects on the
causes of perinatal mortality are observed child directly as in the case of infection, or
principally after the first week of life, as was indirectly as with poor nutrition. Immatushown
in Table 40. The causes are similar rity, then, is usually a consequence of comto
those found in the postleonatal period plex factors in the mother ane it constitutes
and are due to exposure of infants to the a condition of increased vulnerability conhazards
of unfavorable environment in hos- tributory to disease and death within this
pitals and in the homes. Moreover, these continuum of interrelationships.