A N T I M O N Y : ITS HISTORY, CHEMISTRY, MINERALOGY ...
A N T I M O N Y : ITS HISTORY, CHEMISTRY, MINERALOGY ...
A N T I M O N Y : ITS HISTORY, CHEMISTRY, MINERALOGY ...
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THE ANTIMONY PREPARATIONS AND THEIR USES. 173<br />
8. Mordant for Dyeing.<br />
Fluoride of antimony, SbF3J is used as a mordant for dyeing.<br />
According to Rad (1890), the following reaction occurs :—<br />
(NH4)HPO4 + 26HF + 4Sb2O3=8SbF3.2NH4F + 12H2O + H3PO4.<br />
9. Vulcanising Eubber.<br />
The so-called Goldschwefel (antimony pentasulphide, Sb2S5) is used<br />
for this purpose. It is thus made :—Powdered antimony sulphide is<br />
heated with sulphur and sodium hydroxide:<br />
4Sb2S3 + 8S +18HNaO = 5Na3SbS4 + 3NaSbO3 + 92^0.<br />
From this solution the so-called Schlippe's salt, Na3SbS4.9H2O<br />
crystallises out. HC1 is then added to it:<br />
NaSbS4 + 6HC1 = 6NaCl + 3H2S + Sb2S5.<br />
According to Bertsch and Harmsen, the following reactions may<br />
occur:—<br />
II. 10Na3SbS4 + 30HC1 + 3Sb2O5 = 8Sb2S5 + 30NaCl + 15H2O.<br />
10. Coating Articles.<br />
Metallic antimony can be used to paint objects with, giving them a<br />
polisted-steel appearance. It is called "iron black" (Eisenschwarz)<br />
in trade, and can be obtained by precipitating a solution of antimony<br />
salt with zinc. It can also be used for bronzing gypsum.<br />
The beurre tfantimoine (SbCl3) can be used for bronzing copper<br />
and iron, and preserving them from being oxidised by the deposition<br />
of a thin layer produced by the action of the copper or the iron upon<br />
the chloride.<br />
M. George Hyvert recommended the use of antimony fluoride to<br />
get rid of vegetable parasites that are so injurious to iron structures<br />
and rails."*<br />
11. For the Manufacture of Aniline Yellow and Aniline Red.<br />
Antimonic acid, HSbO3 + 2H2O, has replaced arsenic acid in the<br />
manufacture of aniline yellow and aniline red.<br />
* At present the railway companies in England and in the United States use a<br />
solution of arsenic compounds for this puTpose.