A N T I M O N Y : ITS HISTORY, CHEMISTRY, MINERALOGY ...

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136 THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. At Banya the data are:— Charge for the furnace, impure antimony (high grade, Sb = 9O per cent.) 990 lbs. » (low grade, Sb = 74 „ ) 110 „ Sodium sulphate added 92-6,, Powdered charcoal . . . . . . • • . . 11 ,, Raw ore . . . 330 ,, After ten hours the slag is drawn off, and the materials to form the star slag are added :—2*2 lbs. of crude antimony, 13*2 lbs of roasted sulphide of antimony, 7 # 5 lbs. of potash, and 5*7 lbs. of soda ash. The following gives the analysis of the impurities found in the refined star antimony thus obtained :— Arsenic 0*330 per cent. Iron 0-052 ,, Silver 0'006 ,, Sulphur . . . . . 0720 ,, Total . . . 1*108 At Siena, where the unrefined metal is less impure, the following shows the proportions in 260 charges:— Unrefined metal . . . . 115,255 lbs. Salt 27,229 ,, Roasted ore . . . . ' . 767 „ Refinery slag 12,549 ,, Refined antimony obtained, 107,697 lbs., which is equal to 93-5 per cent. Antimony contains small quantities of iron, lead, sulphur, arsenic, etc., as impurities. In order to produce an almost absolutely pure antimony, Liebig's process may be used. Mix powdered antimony with one-eighth of its weight of carbonate of sodium and one-sixteenth of its weight of sulphide of antimony, and heat the mixture in a Hesse crucible. The button thus obtained is submitted to another fusion with carbonate of sodium only for two hours, and to a third fusion with a mixture of carbonate of sodium to which a small quantity of potassium nitrate has been added. In these operations the sulphur of the antimony sulphide transforms the foreign metals present, except lead, into sulphides, which remain in solution in the scoria; the arsenic compounds pass in part to the sulpho-arsenate of soda and in part to the state of arsenate. The addition of potassium nitrate removes the last trace of arsenic by .converting it into arsenate of soda. The Products of Kenning.-—The products of refining are refined antimony, slag and star slag.
THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. 137 (a) Refined Antimony.—The composition of the metals taken from different sources can be seen from the following table:— Source Analyst . Sb . Cu Fe Pb As Bi S Col i I. [ Lipto Szt. "i \ Miklos, \ [ Hungary.J Hirzel. 98-27 0-54 0-63 0-36 ... II. III. California. Booth, Garret, Blair. 98*34 0*021 0-144 0-410 1-008 0*064 0-013 99*081 0*052 0*039 0-538 0-036 0-254 trace. IV. V. VI. (Samples for tenders at) I the Royal Docks at [ ( Wilhelinsbaven. J Himly. 98-98 0*01 0*35 0*34 0*09 0'23 98*81 0-02 0*34 0-34 0-36 0-12 98*87 0*02 0*16 0-73 0-09 0*11 (ft) Refinery slag generally contains from 20 to 60 per cent, of antimony, and is a mixture of soda, sodium sulphantimoniate, antimony trioxide and tetroxide, ferrous oxide, iron sulphide, arsenic oxide, and smaller proportions of silica and alumina; it is added to charges of ore. (y) Star slag consists essentially of antimony glass, and is used repeatedly until it becomes too poor and impure; it is then added to charges of ore. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. DRY METHODS AND PROCESSES. 1. Balling, 0. A. M., Die MetaUhiittenkunde, pp. 528-544 ; Berlin, Julius Springer, 18 35.- 2. Balling, Berg. u. MU. Ztg., 1885, p. 424 ; 1886, p. 102; 1887, p. 22. 3. Banerman, Elements of Metallurgy, by J. A. Phillips, pp. 487-496 ; London, Charles Griffin & Co., 1887. 4. Bersch, J., Lexikon Metall-Technik, pp. 34-42 ; Leipzig, A. Hartleben. 5. Berthier, " Sur l'essai et le traitement du sulfure d'antimoine," Ann. ok chim. et de phys. [2], xxv., 1824, p. 379. 6. Bidon, " L'Antimoine en Toscane," Genie civil, 1882. 7. Bloxam, Metals, pp. 413-415 ; Longmans, Green & Co., 1882. 8. Boiling, * { Gewinnung des Antimons in Hochofen," Chem. Ztg., ci., 1885, p. 1825. 9. Brown, Selwyn, "The Metallurgy of Antimony," A rostralian Min. Stand.. Nov. 24, 1898.
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A N T I M O N Y : ITS HISTORY, CHEM
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PREFACE. A METALLURGICAL work in En
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TABLE OF CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. THE H
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THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. CHAPTER
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THE HISTORY OF ANTIMONY. 3 Basil Va
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THE HISTORY OF ANTIMONY. 3 precipit
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THE CHEMISTRY OF ANTIMONY. 7 antimo
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THE CHEMISTRY OF ANTIMONY. the red
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THE CHEMISTRY OF ANTIMONY. 11 The m
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THE CHEMISTRY OF ANTIMONY. 13 SECTI
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THE CHEMISTKY OF ANTIMONY. compound
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Chemical Formulae. K3SbCl6 Na3SbCl6
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THE CHEMISTRY OF ANTIMONY. 19 The o
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THE CHEMISTKY OF ANTIMONY. 21 a cop
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THE CHEMISTRY OF ANTIMONY. 23 (2b)
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THE CHEMISTRY OF ANTIMONY. 25 Boili
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Chemical Composition. (STH4)2Sb4S7
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THE CHEMISTRY OF ANTIMONY* 29 by di
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THE CHEMISTRY OF AOTIMONY. 227° =
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THE CHEMISTRY OF ANTIMONY. 33 Some
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CHAPTER TIT. THE MINERALOGY OF ANTI
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THE MINERALOGY OF ANTIMONY. 37 Occu
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THE MINERALOGY OF ANTIMONY. 39 Occu
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THE MINERALOGY OF ANTIMONY. 41 Miar
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THE MINEIIALOGY OF ANTIMONY. 43 Occ
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THE MINERALOGY OF ANTIMONY. 45 3. D
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THE GEOLOGICAL OCCURRENCE OF ANTIMO
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THE GEOLOGICAL OCCURRENCE OK ANTIMO
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TI1K ISKOIJOGIOAL OOCURUKNOK OV ANT
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THE GEOLOGICAL OCCUERENCE OF ANTIMO
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THE GEOLOGICAL OCCUBRENCE OF ANTIMO
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TIIK GEOLOGICAL OCCUKUENCK OF ANTIM
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THE GEOLOGICAL OCCUKRENCE OF ANTIMO
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GENERAL SCHEME OF THE METALLURGY OF
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CHAPTER V.* THE METALLUBGY OF ANTIM
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THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. 71 rows
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THE METALLUKi'iY OF ANTIMONY. A goo
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THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. The cos
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THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. 77 fuel
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THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. to furt
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THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. with a
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THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. 83 a re
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THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. 85 (2)
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Page 105 and 106: Cross Section C.D.E.F Cross Section
Page 107: G. Y, Wang's Antiinony. [To face pa
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Page 186 and 187: CHAPTER VIT. THE ANALYSIS OP ANTIMO
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186 THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. The
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188 THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. rat
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190 THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. 1 l
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192 THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. 24.
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194 THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. 70.
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CHAPTER VIII. THE PBODUCTION AND VA
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198 THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. sil
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200 THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. Yea
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202 THE METALLUEGY OF ANTIMONY. Now
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204 THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. ITA
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206 THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY. (13
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INDEX. AAEON, C. H., 191. Abegg, 34
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0 INDEX. bierre, 66, 67. 86, 154 ck
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212 INDEX. Gross-Gbllnitz, 70. Grii
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214 INDEX. Mines, antimony, 205, 20
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216 INDEX. Spain, antimony ores of,
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