An Ontology for Digital Forensics in IT Security Incidents - OPUS

38 CHAPTER 5. ONTOLOGY
to be Augsburg.
The query from listing 5.4 can be written shorter. The variable ?address
is only used to store the address object temporarily and is not needed anywhere
else. In most programming languages the code address = person.
address; address.city == "Augsburg" can be replaced by person.address
.city == "Augsburg". This is similarly also possible in SPARQL as it is
shown in listing 5.5.[Pérez et al., 2009][W3C, 2008]
More details on writing queries are given in section 7.6.
1 PREFIX p:< http :// www . example . org / person #>
2 PREFIX a:< http :// www . example . org / address #>
3 SELECT ? lastname ? firstname
4 WHERE {
5 ? person p: firstname ? firstname .
6 ? person p: lastname ? lastname .
7 ? person p: address ? address .
8 ? address a: city " Augsburg " .
9 }
Listing 5.4: Advanced SPARQL query
1 PREFIX p:< http :// www . example . org / person #>
2 PREFIX a:< http :// www . example . org / address #>
3 SELECT ? lastname ? firstname
4 WHERE {
5 ? person p: firstname ? firstname .
6 ? person p: lastname ? lastname .
7 ? person p: address [ a: city " Augsburg " ] .
8 }
Listing 5.5: Advanced SPARQL query (shortened)
5.2 Ontology Tools
In this section tools are presented for creating and visualizing ontologies. As
last section a conclusion of the tools is given.
5.2.1 Altova Semantic Works
Altova Semantic Works[Altova, 2013] is a tool to create RDF(S) and OWL
les. Class hierarchies can be created graphically. It allows to use les as a