Baber Johansen

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But see the text of the Pater Noster: Pater noster, qui es in caelis, sanctificetur
nomen tuum. Adveniat regnum tuum. Fiat voluntas tua, sicut in caelo et in terra.
AbÙ Bakr MuÎammad b. AÎmad b. AbÐ Sahl al-SarakhsÐ, UÒÙl al-SarakhsÐ ed. Abu
l-WafÁÞ al-AfghÁnÐ (Beirut: DÁr al-MaÝrifa, n.d.), vol. I, pp. 32-33 on God’s
entitlement to the believer’s performance of the acts of worship; ibid., pp. 44 on the
legal effects of God’s command; pp. 60-69 on God’s command as the determining
factor of the ethical quality of the required act; KÁsÁnÐ, BadÁÞiÝ, vol. I, p.127, 129: all
obligatory acts of worship (ÝibÁdÁt) are the result of God’s command and, therefore,
require the declaration of intent (niyya) to fulfill them as acts entirely dedicated to
God.
D.M. Dunlop, s.v. "al-BÁdjÐ," The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New Edition vol. I
(Leiden and London: Brill and Luzac, 1960), pp. 864-865.
AbÙ al-WalÐ al-BÁjÐ, IÎkÁm al-fuÒÙl fi aÎkÁm al-uÒÙl ed. ÝAbd al-MajÐd al-TurkÐ
(Cairo: DÁr al-Gharb al-IslÁmÐ, 1407/1986), p. 309.
Ibid., p. 310.
E. Chaumont, s.v. "Al-ShÐrÁzÐ," in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New Edition, Vol.
IX (Leiden: Brill, 1997), pp. 481-483.
AbÙ IsÎÁq al-ShÐrÁzÐ, Al-LumaÝ fÐ uÒÙl al-fiqh ed. MuÒÔafÁ AbÙ SulaymÁn al-NadawÐ
(ManÒÙra: DÁr al-Kalima li l-nashr wa l-tawzÐÝ, 1997/1418), p. 73-74. See also the
French translation by Eric Chaumont: Le Livre des Rais illuminant les fondements
de la comprehension de la Loi. Traité de théorie légale musulmane. Introduction,
traduction annotée et index par Eric Chaumont (Berkeley: University of California
Press, The Robbins Religious and Civil Law Collection, 1999), p. 179-180.
George Makdisi, Ibn ÝAqÐl. Religion and Culture in Classical Islam (Edinburgh:
Edinburgh University Press, 1997), pp. 17-53.
AbÙ al-WafÁÞ ÝAlÐ b. ÝAqÐl b, MuÎammad Ibn ÝAqÐl, Al-WÁÃiÎ fÐ uÒÙl al-fiqh
(Beirut/Stuttgart: Franz Steiner 1996), part I, p. 19.
Ibid., part I, p. 36.
SarakhsÐ, MabsÙÔ, vol. III, p.54.
Ibid., vol. III, pp. 54-55.
Ibid., vol. III, p.61.
SarakhsÐ, UÒÙl, vol. I, p. 62.
Heinz Halm, s.v. "Al-¬ushayrÐ," The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New Edition (Leiden:
Brill, 1982), vol. V, pp. 526-527.
MuÎyÐ al-DÐn Ibn Sharaf al-NawawÐ, al-MajmÙÝ sharÎ al-Muhadhdhab ed.
ZakariyyÁÞ ÝAlÐ YÙsuf (Cairo: MaÔbaÝat al-ÝÀÒima, n.d.), vol. I, p. 29.
That this attitude is fairly general can also be seen in the work of Zayn al-ÝÀbidÐn
b.IbrÁhÐm Ibn Nujaym (1520-1565, Egypt) who in his al-AshbÁh wa l-NaÛÁÞir Ýala
madhhab Abī ÍanÐfa al-NuÞmÁn (Beirut: DÁr al-kutub al-Ýilmiyya, 1980/1400), p. 21,