Differential Diagnosis of Dementias - Alzheimer's Association
Differential Diagnosis of Dementias - Alzheimer's Association Differential Diagnosis of Dementias - Alzheimer's Association
Delirium, Dementia, and Depression 1,2 Delirium Dementia Depression Onset Sudden Insidious Recent or recurrent Duration Minutes to days Months to years Weeks to months Progression Reversible – resolves with treatment Irreversible Reversible, relapses common Consciousness Fluctuating Generally alert Generally alert, possibly withdrawn History of depression Usually negative Usually negative Usually positive Visuospatial Preserved Often abnormal Preserved Mood – Sadness/ Guilt/Worthlessness Absent Usually absent Usually Present 1. Cefalu C, Grossberg GT. Leawood, KS: American Academy of Family Physicians; 2001. 2. American Psychiatric Association. DSM-IV-TR ® . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2000. 10
Examples of Cognitive Assessment Tools for the Office Setting • Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) 1 • AD8 informant interview 2 • Mini-Cog assessment 3 • Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) 4 • St Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) Examination 5 Note. These are assessment tools, and are not fully diagnostic of dementia. 1. Folstein MF et al. J Psychiatr Res. 1975;12:189-198. 2. Galvin JE et al. Neurology. 2005;65:559-564. 3. Borson S et al. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2000;15:1021-1027. 4. Nasreddine ZS et al. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005;53:695-699. 5. Tariq SH et al. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006;14:900-910. 11
- Page 1 and 2: Differential Diagnosis of Dementias
- Page 3 and 4: Differential Diagnosis of Dementias
- Page 5 and 6: The Typical Dementia Scenario • P
- Page 7 and 8: Clinical Evaluation for Dementia 1
- Page 9: Delirium is a Reversible Cause of C
- Page 13 and 14: The Informant Interview: The AD8
- Page 15 and 16: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA
- Page 17 and 18: Rapid Brief Cognitive Screens: Pros
- Page 19 and 20: Core Clinical Alzheimer’s Dementi
- Page 21 and 22: Core Clinical Dementia with Lewy Bo
- Page 23 and 24: Frontotemporal Dementia • FTD may
- Page 25 and 26: Imaging in the Diagnosis • Left -
- Page 27 and 28: Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Dement
- Page 29 and 30: Current FDA-Approved Therapies AD P
- Page 31 and 32: Caregiver Challenges in Different T
Examples <strong>of</strong> Cognitive Assessment Tools<br />
for the Office Setting<br />
• Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) 1<br />
• AD8 informant interview 2<br />
• Mini-Cog assessment 3<br />
• Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) 4<br />
• St Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS)<br />
Examination 5<br />
Note. These are assessment tools, and are not fully diagnostic <strong>of</strong> dementia.<br />
1. Folstein MF et al. J Psychiatr Res. 1975;12:189-198. 2. Galvin JE et al. Neurology. 2005;65:559-564. 3. Borson S et al. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry.<br />
2000;15:1021-1027. 4. Nasreddine ZS et al. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005;53:695-699. 5. Tariq SH et al. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006;14:900-910.<br />
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