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Policy Department D: Budgetary Affairs ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decommissioning oversight and control In a very early stage the control structure governing strategic decisions of the managing organisation needs to be decided upon because all subsequent issues require clear, coherent and pro-active decision-making. Decommissioning organisation Several decisions have to be prepared at the outset of decommissioning, so the design and implementation of the managing organisation should be carefully planned and decided upon. Decommissioning timeline The decommissioning plan needs to be detailed enough to allow decisions on the basic decommissioning route in an early phase. The basic decisions on whether a 'fast' or 'slow' approach is chosen or whether any inactive phases in between make sense and provide an advantage over the continuous scenario can only be based on that overall plan and its underlying cost attributions. Decommissioning target The decommissioning target ('end state') needs to be clear from an early stage because several planning variables depend upon it. To be decided on are 'Advanced decontamination', 'Regulatory release', 'Green/brown/red field status' and 'Long term target of the organisation’s life time'. Decommissioning risks Identification, assessment and methods to limit risks needs to be implemented from the outset because a consistent decommissioning plan cannot be setup without this and because the approach of the management level and the workforce requires training to achieve an appropriate risk management. Decommissioning workforce From the outset a decision is necessary whether the project will work with the existing workforce or will be based on extensive external contributions. If the latter will be the preferred strategy, then strong controls have to be setup to ensure that the managing organisation is able to control all processes, that an appropriate risk balance is achieved, etc. Decommissioning costs Cost figures are necessary from the outset because they are a criterion determining all decisions early on. Updates need to be made regularly, identifying relevant contributions. 94
Nuclear Decommissioning: Management of Costs and Risks ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. DECOMMISSIONING IN BULGARIA, LITHUANIA AND SLOVAKIA 4.1. REACTOR SHUTDOWN AND GENERAL PREPAREDNESS FOR THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE Within their accession to the EU the three member states Bulgaria, Lithuania and Slovakia committed themselves to shut down eight reactors earlier than per design life planning (see Figure 29). Figure 29: Reactors having been shut down in Bulgaria, Lithuania and Slovakia and early closure data Source: (ECoA 2011) 95
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