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Policy Department D: Budgetary Affairs ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.8.2. Comparison and evaluation of workforce aspects 124 4.8.3. Recommendations 124 4.9. Example of distributed responsibility: the plasma oven at Kozloduy Nuclear Power Plant124 4.9.1. First failure to identify responsible decision makers 124 4.9.2. The basics: project rationale 125 4.9.3. Second failure to identify decision makers 127 4.9.4. Conclusions 128 4.9.5. Recommendations 128 5. COUNTRY PROFILES, RISKS AND POTENTIAL IMPROVEMENTS 130 5.1. Bulgaria 130 5.2. Lithuania 131 5.3. Slovakia 132 5.4. Overall evaluation 133 REFERENCES 136 ANNEX 1 - REACTORS IN THE SHUTDOWN STAGE IN THE EU 142 ANNEX 2 - MEETING AGENDA FOR BULGARIA, LITHUANIA AND SLOVAKIA 144 ANNEX 3 - WRITTEN ANSWERS FROM BULGARIA 147 ANNEX 4 - MINUTES OF THE MEETING AT IGNALINA NPP, LITHUANIA 158 ANNEX 5 - WRITTEN ANSWERS FROM JAVYS, SLOVAKIA 165 ANNEX 6 - ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS TO JAVYS, SLOVAKIA, AND ANSWERS 179 ANNEX 7 - QUESTIONS ASKED TO EBRD 189 ANNEX 8 - ANSWERS PROVIDED BY EBRD 192 6
Nuclear Decommissioning: Management of Costs and Risks ____________________________________________________________________________________________ LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS APEC AREVA ASN BIDSF BMF BWR CEA Atelier pour l'entreposage du combustible (Fuel handling and treatment facility of the reactor at Creys-Malville, France) French company selling nuclear reactors and providing nuclear services Autorité de Sûreté Nucléaire (French nuclear regulating authority) Bohunice/Slovakia International Decommissioning Support Fund Federal Ministry of Finance (Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Germany) Boiling water reactor (reactor type with steam generation within the reactor vessel and direct use of the generated steam in the turbines) Commissariat à l’énergie atomique (French R&D organization operating research reactors) CIDEN Centre d'ingénierie de la déconstruction et de l'environnement (French decommissioning engineering center, subdivision of EDF) CO 2 D 2O DM DP RAO DRC DGSNR DSR EBRD EDF E.ON EC EU EWN FBR FDP G7 Carbon dioxide, gas, used as coolant in some gas cooled reactor types Heavy water, used as moderator/coolant in some reactor types Deutsche Mark (former German currency, roughly 0.5 €/DM) Радиоактивни отпадъци (state-owned Bulgarian Nuclear Waste Management organization in charge of decommissioning, english synonym: SE RAW) Direction des déchets, des installations de recherche et du cycle (Waste Research and Fuel Cycle Facilities Department, subdivision of ASN) Direction Générale de la Sûreté Nucléaire et de la Radioprotection (former French safety authority) Direction de la Sûreté des Reacteur (French regulator, subdivision of IRSN) European Bank for Reconstruction and Development Electricité de France (majorly state-owned operator of nuclear reactors in France) German electricity producer and operator of several nuclear power plants European Commission European Union Energiewerke Nord GmbH (Federally owned organization for the decommissioning of six reactors of soviet design in Greifswald and Rheinsberg, Germany) Fast breeder reactor type, un-moderated and liquid sodium cooled reactor Final Decommissioning Plan (overall description of the decommissioning of the facility, includes all technical steps, description depth and further details subject to the tasks it is prepared for) Group consisting of the finance ministers of the U.S., the U.K., France, Germany, Italy, Canada and Japan (the wealthiest seven countries) 7
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