Link to the study - European Parliament - Europa
Link to the study - European Parliament - Europa
Link to the study - European Parliament - Europa
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Policy Department D: Budgetary Affairs<br />
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1. INTRODUCTION AND TASKS<br />
As part of <strong>the</strong> process of <strong>the</strong>ir EU accession Bulgaria, Lithuania and Slovakia committed <strong>to</strong> shutdown<br />
some specific nuclear reac<strong>to</strong>r units in <strong>the</strong>ir countries. The EU committed <strong>to</strong> support <strong>the</strong> accessing<br />
countries in resolving <strong>the</strong> burden and challenges of <strong>the</strong> shutdown of <strong>the</strong>se reac<strong>to</strong>r units, including<br />
support in restructuring <strong>the</strong> energy sec<strong>to</strong>rs concerned and in decommissioning and dismantling.<br />
In order <strong>to</strong> make <strong>the</strong> support practicable three specific international decommissioning support funds<br />
(IDSF) were established, which are administered by <strong>the</strong> <strong>European</strong> Bank for Reconstruction and<br />
Development (EBRD). These IDSFs are replenished by contributions, <strong>the</strong> EU being <strong>the</strong> main donor.<br />
Three decommissioning support funds were initiated and a considerable amount of donor money has<br />
been spent. The <strong>European</strong> Commission, as a major donor, contributed its part <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> funds. The EBRD<br />
<strong>to</strong>ok over <strong>the</strong> role of ensuring that <strong>the</strong> money was spent for <strong>the</strong> designated tasks.<br />
In 2011, <strong>the</strong> <strong>European</strong> Court of Audi<strong>to</strong>rs assessed <strong>the</strong> effectiveness of <strong>the</strong> EU funded programmes<br />
1999-2010 and identified several serious deficiencies (ECoA 2011).<br />
Following <strong>the</strong> report <strong>the</strong> Budgetary Control Committee of <strong>the</strong> <strong>European</strong> <strong>Parliament</strong>, in charge of<br />
scrutiny of EU expenditure, decided <strong>to</strong> commission Öko-Institute with an independent assessment of<br />
<strong>the</strong> decommissioning process. The assessment’s remit was <strong>to</strong> identify best practices in<br />
decommissioning nuclear reac<strong>to</strong>rs in Europe, <strong>to</strong> compare <strong>the</strong>se with <strong>the</strong> practices in <strong>the</strong> three<br />
countries and <strong>to</strong> derive recommendations from this comparison. We hereby present <strong>the</strong> report of our<br />
findings.<br />
The report is structured as follows:<br />
Chapter 2 sets out key characteristics of <strong>the</strong> decommissioning of nuclear reac<strong>to</strong>rs in Europe and<br />
<strong>the</strong> technical, economical and organisational aspects that play a role in those projects.<br />
Chapter 3 outlines current practices in France, <strong>the</strong> UK and Germany and examines best practices<br />
in detail using <strong>the</strong> example of Energiewerke Nord GmbH (EWN) in Greifswald/Germany.<br />
Chapter 4 describes and evaluates practices in Bulgaria, Lithuania and Slovakia.<br />
Chapter 5 provides an overview of <strong>the</strong> evaluation results, displays those results in <strong>the</strong> form of<br />
country profiles and presents <strong>the</strong> conclusions and recommendations of this <strong>study</strong>.<br />
The preparation of this <strong>study</strong> was only possible with <strong>the</strong> assistance and close support of numerous<br />
organisations. We would like <strong>to</strong> thank for <strong>the</strong>ir support:<br />
By answering our questions,<br />
Providing supporting documents and background information,<br />
Giving us <strong>the</strong> opportunity <strong>to</strong> discuss our issues in a very open and frank manner,<br />
Opening doors so that we could visit facilities,<br />
Providing excellent framework conditions for all this.<br />
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