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Policy Department D: Budgetary Affairs ____________________________________________________________________________________________ The actual process of general and individual training of employees is being implemented, on the basis of the established system by several fundamental ways, namely by: 1) Joining of old experience and new approaches Decommissioning is an activity that has a challenging demand for human capital, which knows in detail the technical infrastructure of the nuclear facility from the operation period and, at the same time, has also a creative approach to the approaches of complex dismantling of the systems. For this purpose, working groups were created consisting of former operating personnel, maintaining the continuity of historical experience with the equipment and its operation and new people from outside, with current and extensive expertise in project management in engineering and construction. Their mixing and subsequent interaction gave rise to project oriented reality when JAVYS takes the advantage of the knowledge and approach of both team components (knowledge of equipment and innovative solutions) while eliminating the individual shortcomings, which would bear otherwise both groups separately (old-fashioned practices and ignorance of the plant’s systems/technical environment). 2) Institutional system training of employees The Slovak legislation has created a system of compulsory continual additional education of employees working in the relevant field of nuclear energy - in operation, as well as in decommissioning. This continuous educational process is required by law and is subject to direct nuclear regulatory body - Nuclear Regulatory Authority of the Slovak Republic, which is responsible for the management and control of all aspects of safety of nuclear energy in the Slovak Republic. Graduation of personnel in the relevant training types was a lawful condition before issuing licence for V1 NPP decommissioning. After electricity production has been completed, JAVYS thus had to ensure, prior to obtaining decommissioning licence, retraining of all relevant staff (at that time it was 241 employees) for activities during decommissioning of nuclear installations, respectively comprehensive training of new employees (22 employees, training time represents 40 working days). The theoretical part of the training has been divided into a general section on nuclear energy and the specialised section on decommissioning. After completion of the theoretical training is then required direct training in situ for the respective job position and performance of the relevant decommissioning activities. Training is completed by final thesis and a state examination before the Examining Board - only then a certificate of achievement can be issued on gaining the prescribed level of knowledge and skills by the employee. Our company and individual employees are obligated to sustain this statutory training every three years. 186
Nuclear Decommissioning: Management of Costs and Risks ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3) Maintaining and developing of institutional memory In planning of its further development, JAVYS gives special attention to personal and professional development of knowledge and experience of key personnel and provide them with specialized trainings in their respective areas of specialization far beyond the minimum extent required by law, described in the preceding paragraph. For example, in order to acquire and subsequent distribute current worldwide best practice in the decommissioning sector, employees participated in: - multiple trainings in NPP Greifswald (Germany) - multiple trainings in Enresa (Spain) - multiple trainings in Argonne National Laboratory (USA) - training in facility Marcoule (France) - multiple trainings to development and administration of schedules in MS Project (Iberdrola, Spain) - FIDIC Trainings for project managers - Training EPRI - Training for FIDIC contractual law (provided by EBRD) - multiple trainings on public procurement/tendering (EBRD) - multiple trainings on project management (Slovak Technical University) - cooperation with the Slovak Technical University in continuous university education in decommissioning: i) annual summer decommissioning university ii) annual university postgraduate decommissioning course Continuing education has been also provided through a permanent participation in international projects and forums, e.g.: - International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) – International Decommissioning Network (IDN), - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Nuclear Energy Agency (OECD-NEA) - Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Nuclear Energy Agency – Working Party for Decommissioning and Dismantling (WPDD) - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Nuclear Energy Agency (OECD-NEA) – Group to determine the costs of decommissioning (DCEG) - Cooperation in the framework of the exchange of scientific and technical information on nuclear decommissioning projects-Cooperative Programme on Decommissioning (CPD) In that deepening qualifications of personnel, the company uses standard tools of human resources policy to ensure the longest possible maintenance of the employee’s acquired know-how in the company (e.g. through agreements on minimum consecutive working period in the company following the deepening of qualification), respectively the widest possible transfer of knowledge and experience also to other colleagues through personal leadership in the workplace, meetings, training, etc. JAVYS currently finalises an additional training plan of employees working in the field of nuclear decommissioning that is beyond the minimum extent of training required by ISO certificates and internal policies. 187
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