2000 HSS/PSA Program 1 - History of Science Society

HSS Abstracts
entrenchment of conservatism and preservation of established disciplinary
modes—research agendas, institutional foci, publication outlets, and pedagogical
statutes. This paper will look at radio astronomy in the United States and Australia,
examining the conscious choice of participants in each locale to move away
from a physicist/electrical engineering orientated science, labeled ‘solar’ or
‘cosmic noise,’ toward an astronomical science. Moreover, the cases of the United
States and Australia shows that this process functioned in both directions.
Astronomers at Harvard adopted radio astronomy to bolster a failing program,
physicists in Australia wedded themselves to Australia’s pre-eminent science,
astronomy, to gain intellectual merit. The result in each case was the rapid
establishment of a field, radio astronomy, which celebrated its fundamental nature
and increasingly won greater material resources by essentially imitating optical
astronomy. The laboratory became the observatory and the aerial became the
telescope. Radio astronomy is entirely the product of the post-1945 science
environment. Like the usual subjects of ‘cold war’ science—nuclear research,
human genome—radio astronomers rapidly moved towards the erection of huge
instruments, by the 1960s rivaling even optical astronomy. Yet, unlike the usual
suspects, radio astronomers adamantly maintained their commitment to
‘fundamental’ science. The texture of the science’s development emerges from
the tension implicit in expansion towards no fixed practical goal.
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Heather␣ Munro Prescott Central Connecticut State University
“I Was A Teen-Age Dwarf,” or What is “Normal” Adolescent Development?
In his best-selling novel I Was a Teen-Age Dwarf (1959), Max Shulman describes
the woes of adolescent protagonist Dobie Gillis, a young man who strives for
success in life and love despite being utterly average in every way. A sequel to
Shulman’s The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis, which inspired the television show of
the same name, Dwarf opens by describing thirteen-year-old Dobie’s distress about
being shorter than his eighth-grade classmates at John Marshall Junior High School.
Although the school nurse, Miss Finsterwald, tries to assure him that according to
the growth chart in her office, his height of 62.6 inches is exactly average for a boy
his age, Dobie does not buy it. “Well, I don’t know who made up this chart,” says
Dobie, “but I’ll bet my last nickel that either they were drunk or else they did their
research among the pygmies of Central Africa.” If 62.6 inches was the average for
thirteen-year-old boys, asks Dobie, then why was every thirteen-year-old boy at
John Marshall Junior High taller than him? Worse yet, why was almost every
thirteen-year-old girl taller than him? Dobie asks his father why girls his age are
so much taller than boys. “Do you think it has something to do with the atomic
bomb,” Dobie asks. Dobie’s father blames the phenomenon of tall women on a
“series of catastrophes beginning with universal suffrage” that has turned modern
American society into a “matriarchy.” Back in the old days, says Pa, “when women
looked up to their men, they had to be short.” Now that women were in charge,
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