10. Lošinjski dani bioetike - Hrvatsko filozofsko društvo

LÁSZLÓ NEMES
Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Debrecen, Hungary /
Odjel za bihevioralne znanosti, Sveučilište u Debrecinu, Mađarska
THE SLIPPERY SLOPE ARGUMENT
AS A FORM OF PRECOMMITMENT
New Paternalism and Shaping Choice Environment
There are many signs of a need to rethink the values of paternalism in
bioethical and social-ethical thinking today. This new paternalism, based
on insights from current psychological research, aims at promoting those
choices of individuals which represent their real preferences. In this sense,
new (soft or libertarian) paternalism tries to direct people to make better
and more autonomous decisions. The basic form of this help is the socalled
choice shaping (Thaler and Sunstein, 2008), that is to create a decisional
environment which psychologically affects actual decisions. The
underlying hypothesis is that psychological processes are deeply dependent
on the physical and mental environment of the decision-maker. My
conception is that slippery slope arguments often criticised in bioethics
should be reassessed. Instead of being argumentative fallacy the slippery
slope argumentation can be a very effective way to promote individual and
social autonomy. Precommitments (e.g. the so-called Ulysses-contract) are
already in the toolkit of this kind of paternalism. In my lecture I try to situate
the slippery slope argument within this new paternalistic framework, as
a special case of psychological precommitment.
ARGUMENT SKLISKE PADINE
KAO OBLIK PREDUVJERENJA
Novi paternalizam i oblikovanje okružja za odlučivanje
Mnogo je znakova koji upućuju na potrebu ponovnog promišljanja vrijednosti
paternalizma u današnjem bioetičkom i socijalno-etičkom mišljenju.
Ovaj novi paternalizam, temeljen na uvidima aktualnih istraživanja u
psihologiji, cilja na promicanje onih izbora pojedinaca koji predstavljaju
njihove stvarne preferencije. U tome smislu, novi (mekani ili libertarijanski)
paternalizam nastoji usmjeriti ljude prema donošenju boljih i auto-
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