Overview Key Concepts Anesthetic Management Anesthestic ...
Overview Key Concepts Anesthetic Management Anesthestic ...
Overview Key Concepts Anesthetic Management Anesthestic ...
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Small animal Anesthesia for Imaging<br />
C Garrett 2012<br />
Physiologic Monitoring<br />
Minimal change in homeostasis<br />
‣ Challenging in the imaged patient<br />
‣ Visualization<br />
‣ Adaptable equipment<br />
‣ Parameters to monitor and control<br />
‣ Heart rate<br />
‣ Respiratory rate<br />
‣ Temperature<br />
‣ %SpO 2<br />
‣ ETCO 2<br />
‣ Cardiac activity (EKG)<br />
‣ Blood pressure<br />
Physiologic Monitoring<br />
‣ Pulse oximetry:<br />
‣ Arterial Hb %SpO 2<br />
‣ NIBP: Doppler<br />
‣ Temperature<br />
Rat<br />
Mouse<br />
‣Mouse:<br />
Normal Physiologic<br />
Parameters<br />
‣ Temperature: 97.5 – 100.4°F<br />
‣ Respiratory rate: 150 – 220 bpm<br />
‣ Heart rate: 550 – 700 bpm<br />
‣Rat:<br />
‣ Temperature: 96.6 – 99.5°F<br />
‣ Respiratory rate: 65 - 115 bpm<br />
‣ Heart rate: 250 – 450 bpm<br />
Fasting<br />
‣ Depends on your study and imaging modality<br />
‣ Ex: PET FDG imaging<br />
‣ Decreases blood glucose<br />
‣ ~ 6 hrs fast clears stomach, longer can be detrimental<br />
reduced body mass, fatty acid levels, water intake)<br />
‣ Rodents are nocturnal feeders<br />
Length and timing of fast should be<br />
documented<br />
Fluid Therapy<br />
‣ Prolonged anesthetic events lead to sensible and insensible<br />
water losses<br />
‣ Cautious use of fluids in models of cardiovascular disease<br />
or hypoproteinemic subjects (e.g. hepatic, renal or<br />
gastrointestinal compromise)<br />
‣ Administration routes: subcutaneous, intraperitoneal or<br />
intravascular<br />
‣ Compensate for fluid loss and administer daily<br />
maintenance requirements (50 – 100ml/kg/day)<br />
‣ Pre-warmed (37°C ) fluids: 0.9% NaCl or LRS<br />
Heat Support<br />
‣ Rodents have an incredibly large surface area to body mass<br />
ratio → rapid hypothermia<br />
‣ Prolonged anesthetic recovery<br />
‣ Altered cardiovascular function<br />
‣ Heat support maintained until ambulation<br />
‣ Heating options: Image modality dependent!<br />
‣ Self-regulating heating blocks<br />
‣ Water-circulating heating pads<br />
‣ Insulation (e.g. saran wrap)<br />
‣ Pre-warmed subcutaneous fluids<br />
‣ Hand-warmers<br />
‣ Heat lamps<br />
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