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Site Site type Metal-working Artefacts Reference features Ardcloon, Univallate Rath Hearth/furnace? Lead ore Rynne 1956, 208. Co. Mayo Armagh: Cathedral Hill, Co. Armagh Ecclesiastical Workshop area and hearths Gaskell-Brown & Harper 1984, 119, 124- 51. Armagh: English Street Co. Armagh Armagh: Scotch Street, Co. Armagh Augherskea, Co. Meath Ballinderry (II), Co. Offaly Ballycasey More, Co Clare Ballycatteen, Co. Cork Ballyduff, Co. Antrim Ballynagallagh, Co. Limerick Ballywee, Co. Antrim Ballyvourney, Co. Cork Balriggan, Co. Louth Baronstown, Co. Meath Beal Boru, Co. Clare Borris, Co Tipperary Carraig Aille (II), Co. Limerick Castlefarm, Co. Meath Castle Skreen (2), Co. Down. Cathair Fionnúrach, Co. Galway Cathedral Hill, Downpatrick, Co. Down Cavanapole, Co. Armagh Cherryhound, Co. Dublin Cherrywood, Co. Dublin Clea Lakes, Co. Down Clogher, Co. Tyrone Slag, 7 ingot moulds, 6 clay moulds and 45 frags, 52 triangular and 9 flat crucibles and 7 others , tuyères, scrap bronze, motif pieces Ecclesiastical 6 Crucible fragments Crothers 1999, 63; 67. Ecclesiastical 1 tiny crucible frag, copper wire Lynn 1988, 82. Lynn & McDowell 1988, 60. Cemetery and 2 crucible fragments Baker 2005 settlement Crannog 43 frags. Crucibles, 8 Hencken 1942, 50-51, clay moulds, stone 65-66. ingot mould, motif piece Enclosures Clay mould O’Neill 2002:0079, 2003 Multivallate Rath 9 frags. Crucibles Ó Ríordáin & Hartnett 1943, 35. Multivallate Rath 1 Crucible fragment Avery 1970:01 Univallate Enclosure Enclosure House site/ ecclesiastical Settlement/ cemetery Multivallate Enclosure Clay mould Cleary 2006 Bronze-smelting Lynn 1988; crucibles Crothers 1994 Crucible O’Kelly 1952, 27. 1 Crucible fragment Delaney 2010 single unphased copper alloy globule Linnane 2009; Linnane & Kinsella 2007 Earthwork Motif piece O’Kelly 1962, 8-9 Univallate enclosure and annexes Cashel 3 Crucibles, 50 fragments and a silver ingot Settlement/ cemetery Univallate Rath Cashel Ecclesiastical Possible anvil stone, furnace pit (not stated what metal) 1 pyramidal crucible Wallace and Anguilano 2010a, 22 Copper globules and ingot Ó Ríordáin 1949a, 91- 92 O’Connell & Clark 2009; O’Connell 2009 Dickinson & Waterman 1 Pyramidal crucible and frags. 1959, 75-76. 1 Crucible Gibbons 1994:0116; Gibbons 1997:0228. Mould and crucible fragments, bronze ingots, molten lead splashed Univallate Rath Crucible fragments, tuyère Industrial Crucibles, fragments of copper and copper alloy Ryan 1988, 43 Crothers 1996:0015 McGowan 2004:0483. Cemetery and Silver Ingot Ó Néill, J. <strong>2012</strong>, 62-72 Settlement Crannog Two crucible Collins & Proudfoot fragments 1959, 86. Rath within earlier Crucibles (including Warner 1973, 10; hill-fort ten flat bottomed Warner 1979, 37; examples), gold Youngs 1990, 186-87, rubbing stone, lead 195, 198. pin, unfinished bronze Young 2006, 3 80
Site Site type Metal-working features Cloghermore, Co. Kerry Clonfad, Co. Westmeath Clonmacnoise, New Graveyard, Co. Offaly Clonmacnoise, National School, Co. Offaly Coolagh, Co. Galway Cooltubbrid, Co. Waterford Coonagh West, Co. Limerick Corranneary, Co. Cavan Craigywarren, Co.Antrim Dalkey Island, Co. Dublin Deer Park Farms, Co. Antrim Dooey, Co. Donegal Dublin: Christchurch Place, Dublin Dublin: High Street & Christchurch Place. Dunmisk, Co. Tyrone Dunnyneill, Co. Down Dunsilly, Co. Antrim Dunsilly 2, Co. Antrim Faughart Lower, Co. Louth Feerwore, Co. Galway Feltrim Hill, Co. Dublin Garranes, Co. Cork Artefacts Reference brooch Cave 1 stone vessel/crucible Connolly 2000; Connolly & Coyne 2000; Connolly et al. 2005 Ecclesiastical Non–ferrous coating of iron bells, crucibles, stone and clay bell shrouds Ecclesiastical Crucibles, slag, moulds, tuyères, bronze off-cuts including decorated scrap, stone ingot moulds, motif pieces. Iron punch Ecclesiastical Crucible, clay mould, copper alloy ingot, gold scrap Stevens 2006, 10. King 2009, 341-43; King 1990:097; 1992:157 1993:0187; 1994:0197; 1995:0240; 1996:0324; 1997:0448; 1998:0548 Ó Floinn & King 1998, 123-24. Cashel 2 Crucibles Hardy 2008 Industrial 2 hearths, 1 with stone 7kg Slag with copper Tierney 2008, 108. base. particles Rath 1 Crucible. Taylor 2007, 77 Crannog Five crucibles; two Davies 1942, 27-28. mould fragments Crannog Two crucible Coffey, G. 1906 fragments (enamel residues) Promontory fort. Bronze Ingot, 40 Liversage 1968, 91, Crucible frags 186. (residues of copper and tin), clay from copper smelting Raised rath Frags of four Lynn & McDowell Crucibles, Clay 2011, Bayley 2011, ‘wrap’. Clay ‘package’ 346-251 copper-alloy ingot Settlement/ Crucibles, moulds, Ó Ríordáin & Rynne Cemetery motif piece, Iron 1961, 61. tongs, hammerhead Urban Crucibles Ó Ríordáin 1974:0014. Urban Crucibles, heating trays, moulds, unfinished bronze pins. Settlement/ Metal working hearths 145 sherds crucibles, Cemetery and furnaces 258 clay moulds, tuyères, slag Island trading post Dish like cupel frag, 2 flat bottomed crucible frags, fragment of copper slag Anon 1973, 14-15. Fanning 1994, 114-23. Ó Riordain 1971:0016; 1974:0014; 1975:0015. Ivens 1989, 28-36, 54- 55. McCormick Macdonald 2004, 8. Raised Rath 10 Crucible fragments McNeill 1991-2, 104. Univallate Rath Stone crucible Keery <strong>2012</strong> Settlement/. Cemetery 1 Crucible, silver ingot, stone ingot mould & Buckley & McConway 2010, Bowen 2008 Rath 1 pyramidal Crucible Raftery 1944 Cashel Silver ingot Hartnett & Eogan 1964 Multivallate Rath Workshop debris area Unfinished brooch and pin, lumps of tin, 30 clay moulds, 4 stone object moulds, 4 stone ingot moulds, 39 Ó Ríordáin 1942a, 86, 93, 98, 107-09, 121-22, 134-39. 81
Page 2 and 3:
The Early Medieval Archaeology Proj
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Table of Contents Section 1: An Ove
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value to excavation reports far bey
Page 8 and 9:
Fig. 1.2: Percentages of site types
Page 10 and 11:
Map 1.1: Map of site that produced
Page 12 and 13:
Map 1.3a: Map of site that produced
Page 14 and 15:
Page 16 and 17:
Page 18 and 19:
Page 20 and 21:
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Map 1.11: Geological evidence for s
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data from over 300 sites, and has p
Page 28 and 29:
2.2: Iron artefacts on Irish early
Page 30 and 31:
2012 gazetteer as well as at Randal
Page 32 and 33:
also been found within or close to
Page 34 and 35: superstructure (ibid. 117). A few a
Page 36 and 37: 2.4.1: Smithing Secondary smithing
Page 38 and 39: working furnace at Rathgurreen and
Page 40 and 41: smithing and bloom smithing (827 kg
Page 42 and 43: number of hearths as indicative of
Page 44 and 45: univallate enclosures at Lisleagh 1
Page 46 and 47: Chapter 3: Early Medieval Non-Ferro
Page 48 and 49: Map 3.1: Map showing distribution o
Page 50 and 51: little Irish work has been undertak
Page 52 and 53: 3.2.4: Motif-pieces Stone, antler,
Page 54 and 55: supported by the evidence on most l
Page 56 and 57: needle (ibid. 144-49). However, McE
Page 58 and 59: ferrous metal-working relative to s
Page 60 and 61: glass-working which might suggest t
Page 62 and 63: 93). One decorated millefiori rod a
Page 64 and 65: Map 5.1: Map of Ireland showing evi
Page 66 and 67: handles, some smoothed and undecora
Page 68 and 69: comb of Scottish origin at Castlefa
Page 70 and 71: Chapter 6: Early medieval stone-wor
Page 72 and 73: Grindstones are circular stones wit
Page 74 and 75: North and appear to have been disca
Page 76 and 77: APPENDIX 1 Site Site type Metalwork
Page 78 and 79: Site Site type Metalworking Residue
Page 86 and 87: Site Site type Metal-working featur
Page 88 and 89: Site Site type Evidence Reference A
Page 90 and 91: Site name Evidence Reference Athlum
Page 92 and 93: Armagh: Cathedral Hill, Co. Armagh
Page 94 and 95: Site name Evidence Reference Ballin
Page 96 and 97: Site name Evidence Reference Aghade
Page 98 and 99: Site name Evidence Reference Legget
Page 100 and 101: Co. Antrim Ballyhenry II, Co. Antri
Page 102 and 103: Co. Louth Donegore, Co. Antrim Doon
Page 104 and 105: Co. Monaghan Lisleitrim, Co. Armagh
Page 106 and 107: Townland/Site Name Site Type Commen
Page 108 and 109: young lords of territories; six in
Page 110 and 111: The only ornaments which appear in
Page 112 and 113: perhaps adopted only by a minority
Page 114 and 115: Clogher, Co. Tyrone Multivallate pl
Page 116 and 117: Fig 3.2: brooches by site types (40
Page 118 and 119: Cloghermore, Dalkey Island, Dooey,
Page 120 and 121: Of the 216 sites with personal orna
Page 122 and 123: Glass is the most common material f
Page 124 and 125: Chapter 8: Manufacturing on Rural S
Page 126 and 127: weft-beaters or other weaving-relat
Page 128 and 129: the preparatory stage occurred in t
Page 130 and 131: Carraig Aille II 33 18 stone, 15 bo
Page 132 and 133: possible Roestown, Co Meath Non-cir
Page 134 and 135:
Fig. 8.3: Location of sites with ev
Page 136 and 137:
matting. Rush seeds were found in t
Page 138 and 139:
(Lennon 1994, 59), Rathgurreen (Com
Page 140 and 141:
Cherrywood Other Pin slag Collierst
Page 142 and 143:
Significant evidence for metal-work
Page 144 and 145:
Kilkenny 1 1 Longford 1 1 Ulster 13
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Dooey Other Pins bone working evide
Page 148 and 149:
APPENDIX 2 Site Site type Preparati
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Marshes Upper Non-circular Y Y Y Mi
Page 152 and 153:
Bayley, D. 2003:1286. Newtownbalreg
Page 154 and 155:
Brady, N. & Gibson, P. 2005. The Ea
Page 156 and 157:
Chart, D.A. 1940. A Preliminary Sur
Page 158 and 159:
- 1994. Atlantic fortifications: Th
Page 160 and 161:
Delaney, S. 2003:1272. Carn More, F
Page 162 and 163:
Doyle, T. 2008. Hair of the dog. Se
Page 164 and 165:
- 2006b. Archaeological discoveries
Page 166 and 167:
social transformation c. A.D. 500-1
Page 168 and 169:
Papers from the Proceedings of the
Page 170 and 171:
- 2010. Viking elements in Irish to
Page 172 and 173:
- 1999. The Vikings in the Kingdom
Page 174 and 175:
Lennon, A. M. & Henry, M. 2000. Pre
Page 176 and 177:
McCarthy, A. 1986:29. Ballybunion,
Page 178 and 179:
Since the Roman Period. London & Sy
Page 180 and 181:
- 1988. Excavations at Lisleagh Rin
Page 182 and 183:
NAC leaflet. 2011. Steeple Road, An
Page 184 and 185:
Meath. Unpublished report prepared
Page 186 and 187:
- 1951-2a. St. Gobnet’s House, Ba
Page 188 and 189:
- 2005b. Medieval fish traps on the
Page 190 and 191:
- 1953. Preliminary report on Excav
Page 192 and 193:
- 1958. Two souterrains at Bawntaaf
Page 194 and 195:
- 2007. Clonfad 3: A unique glimpse
Page 196 and 197:
Historical Journal, 3, 165-86. Wadd
Page 198 and 199:
- 1971. A Marshland Habitation Site
Page 200 and 201:
Zajac, S. 2002:1382. Carrowkeel, Co
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