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Historical Journal, 3, 165–86. Waddell, J. & Clyne, M. 1995. M. V.Duignan’s excavations at Kiltiernan, Co. Galway, 1950– 1953. Journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society, 47, 149–204. Wallace, A. 2002:1864. Gneevebeg, Co. Westmeath. www.excavations.ie. - 2003:1452. Ratoath, Co. Meath. www.excavations.ie. - 2003:1454. Ratoath, Co. Meath. www.excavations.ie. - 2004:1324. Ratoath, Co. Meath. www.excavations.ie. - 2009. Archaeometallurgical Report on material from Roestown 2 in R. O’Hara, Report on the Archaeological Excavation of Roestown by Archaeological Consultancy Services Ltd for Meath County Council. Available at www.m3.ie - 2010. Excavation of an early medieval cemetery at Ratoath, Co. Meath, in C. Corlett & M. Potterton (eds.) Death and Burial in Early Medieval Ireland, in Light of Recent Archaeological Excavations, 335–59. Dublin. Wordwell. Wallace, A. & Anguilano, L. 2010a. 9.1 Metallurgical report in Stevens, P and O’ Droma M8/N8 Cullahill to Cashel Road Improvement Scheme Archaeological Resolution Final Report E2376 Site AR 33, Borris, Co. Tipperary, Unpublished Report by Valerie J. Keeley Ltd for Tipperary County Council. - 2010b. Iron-smelting and smithing: new evidence emerging on Irish road schemes, in M. Stanley, E. Danaher, & J. Eogan (eds.) Creative Minds: production, manufacturing and invention in ancient Ireland. NRA Monograph No.7. Dublin, Wordwell. - 2010c. Appendix 8, Metallurgical Residue, in report published on CD within Gillespie, R and Kerrigan, A, Of Troughs to Tuyères; The Archaeology of the N5 Charlestown By-Pass, National Roads Authority Monograph No. 6, Wordwell, Bray. Wallace, P. F. 1984. A reappraisal of the archaeological significance of Wood Quay. In J. Bradley (ed.) Viking Dublin Exposed, 112–33. Dublin. O’Brien Press. - 1987. The economy and commerce of Viking Age Dublin, in K. Duwel et al. (eds.) Untersuchungen zu handel und verkehr der vor- und fruhgeschichtlichen zeit in mittel- und Nordeuropa Vol. 4. Gottingen, 200-45. - 1992a. The Viking Age Buildings of Dublin, Series A, Volume 1. Dublin. Royal Irish Academy. - 1992b. The archaeology of the Hiberno-Norse town. Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, 122, 35–66. - 2001. Ireland’s Viking towns. In A.C. Larsen (ed.) The Vikings in Ireland, 37–50. Roskilde. Viking Ship Museum. - 2004. The archaeology of Ireland’s Viking-age towns. In D. Ó Cr inín (ed.) A New History of Ireland, Vol. 1, 814–41. Oxford. Clarendon. Wallace, P. F. & Ó Floinn, R. (eds.) 2002. Treasures of the National Museum of Ireland. Irish Antiquities. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan in association with the Boyne Valley Honey Company Walsh, C. 1997a. Sunken Buildings, in M. F. Hurley, O. M. B. Scully and S. W. J. McCutcheon (eds) Late viking age and medieval Waterford: Excavations 1986-1992, 45–52. Waterford. Waterford Corporation. - 1997:187. St Maelruan’s, Tallaght, Co. Dublin. www.excavations.ie. - 2001. Dublin’s southern town defences, tenth to fourteenth centuries: the evidence from Ross Road. S. Duffy (ed.) Medieval Dublin II: Proceedings of the Friends of Medieval Dublin Symposium 2000, 88–127. Dublin. Four Courts Press. - 2009. An early medieval roadway at Chancery Lane: from Duibhlinn to Áth Cliath? In S. Duffy (ed.) Medieval Dublin IX: Proceedings of the Friends of Medieval Dublin Symposium 2007, 9–37. Dublin. Four Courts Press. Walsh, F. 2002:1348. Haggardstown, Co. Louth. www.excavations.ie. - 2005. Excavation report on Killickaweeny, Co. Kildare, in N. Carlin, L. Clarke & F. Walsh (eds.) The Archaeology of Life and Death in the Boyne Floodplain: the linear landscape of the M4. Bray, Wordwell. CD Appendices. - 2008. Killickaweeny 1: high-class early medieval living, in N. Carlin, L. Clarke & F. Walsh (eds.) The Archaeology of Life and Death in the Boyne Floodplain: the linear landscape of the M4. Bray, Wordwell, 27-54. - 2011. An early medieval enclosed farmstead at Killickaweeny 1, Co. Kildare. In C. Corlett & M 192
Potterton (eds). Settlement in Early Medieval Ireland in Light of Recent Archaeological Excavations, 170–81. Bray. Wordwell. Walsh, F. & Harrison, J. 2003. Early medieval enclosure at Killickaweeny, Co. Kildare. Archaeology Ireland, 17.1, 33–6. Walsh, G. 1992:146. 'Lislackagh', Lislackagh, Co. Mayo. www.excavations.ie. - 1993. Archaeological Excavations on the Swinford By-Pass N5. Unpub’d report for Mayo County Council. - 1995. Iron Age Settlement in Co. Mayo. Archaeology Ireland, 9(2), 7–8 Walsh, G. & Zajac, S. 2004. Excavation of an enclosure at Carrowkeel, Crossmolina, Co. Mayo. Unpub’d report for National Roads Authority & Mayo County Council. Walton, R. P. 1997. Tests for dye in textile samples. In M. F. Hurley, O. M. B. Scully & S. W. J. McCutcheon (eds). Late Viking Age and Medieval Waterford: Excavations 1986- 1992, 760–1. Waterford. Waterford City. Warhurst, C. 1969. Excavations at Rathbeg, Co. Antrim, Ulster Journal of Archaeology (Third Series), 32, 93–100. - 1971. Excavation of an enclosure at Shane’s Castle, Co. Antrim, Ulster Journal of Archaeology (Third Series), 34, 58–64. Warner, R. B. 1971:032. Clogher. http://www.excavations.ie. - 1972:031. Clogher. http://www.excavations.ie. - 1973. The Excavations at Clogher and their Context. Clogher Record, viii, 5–12. - 1973:0010. Ballymacpeake Upper, Co. Londonderry. www.excavations.ie - 1973:033. Clogher. http://www.excavations.ie. - 1974:037. Clogher. http://www.excavations.ie. - 1975:035. Clogher. http://www.excavations.ie. - 1979a. The Clogher Yellow Layer. Medieval Ceramics, 3, 37–40. - 1979b. The Irish souterrains and their background. In H. Crawford (ed.). Subterranean Britain, Aspects of Underground Archaeology, 100–44. New York. St. Martin's Press. - 1985. Observations on the Radiocarbon Dates from Rathmullan. Ulster Journal of Archaeology (Third Series), 48, 142-4. - 1985-6. The date of the start of Lagore. Journal of Irish Archaeology, 3, 75-77. - 2000. Clogher: an archaeological window on early medieval Tyrone and Mid Ulster, in C. Dillon, & H. A. Jeffries (eds.) Tyrone: History and Society. Dublin, Geography Publications, 39–54. Warner, R. B. & Delaney, T. 1970:14. Gobtgrib td., Co. Down. www.excavations.ie Waterman, D. M. 1951. Excavations at Dundrum Castle, Co. Down. Ulster Journal of Archaeology (Third Series), 14, 15-29. - 1955. Excavations at Seafin Castle and Ballyroney Motte and Bailey. Ulster Journal of Archaeology (Third Series), 18, 83-104 - 1956a. The excavation of a house and souterrain at Craig Hill, Co. Antrim. Ulster Journal of Archaeology (Third Series), 19, 87–91. - 1956b. The excavation of a House and Souterrain at White Fort, Drumaroad, Co. Down. Ulster Journal of Archaeology (Third Series), 19, 73-86 - 1958a. Excavations at Ballyfounder Rath, Co. Down. Ulster Journal of Archaeology (Third Series), 21, 39-61. - 1958b. A Rath in Spittle Ballee, Co. Down. Ulster Journal of Archaeology, Third Series, 21, 62-3. - 1959. Excavations at Lismahon, Co. Down. Medieval Archaeology, 3, 139-178 - 1963a. A Neolithic and Dark Age site at Langford Lodge, Co. Antrim, Ulster Journal of Archaeology (Third Series), 26, 43–54. - 1963b. Excavations at Duneight, Co. Down. Ulster Journal of Archaeology (Third Series), 26, 55-78. - 1968. Note on a Destroyed Rath and Souterrain at Killyglen, County Antrim, Ulster Journal of Archaeology (Third Series), 31, 67-70. - 1969. An early medieval horn from the River Erne. Ulster Journal of Archaeology, 32, 101-104. 193
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The Early Medieval Archaeology Proj
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Table of Contents Section 1: An Ove
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value to excavation reports far bey
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Fig. 1.2: Percentages of site types
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Map 1.1: Map of site that produced
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Map 1.3a: Map of site that produced
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Page 16 and 17:
Page 18 and 19:
Page 20 and 21:
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Map 1.11: Geological evidence for s
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data from over 300 sites, and has p
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2.2: Iron artefacts on Irish early
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2012 gazetteer as well as at Randal
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also been found within or close to
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superstructure (ibid. 117). A few a
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2.4.1: Smithing Secondary smithing
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working furnace at Rathgurreen and
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smithing and bloom smithing (827 kg
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number of hearths as indicative of
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univallate enclosures at Lisleagh 1
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Chapter 3: Early Medieval Non-Ferro
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Map 3.1: Map showing distribution o
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little Irish work has been undertak
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3.2.4: Motif-pieces Stone, antler,
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supported by the evidence on most l
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needle (ibid. 144-49). However, McE
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ferrous metal-working relative to s
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glass-working which might suggest t
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93). One decorated millefiori rod a
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Map 5.1: Map of Ireland showing evi
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handles, some smoothed and undecora
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comb of Scottish origin at Castlefa
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Chapter 6: Early medieval stone-wor
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Grindstones are circular stones wit
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North and appear to have been disca
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APPENDIX 1 Site Site type Metalwork
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Site Site type Metalworking Residue
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Site Site type Metal-working Artefa
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Site Site type Metal-working featur
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Site Site type Evidence Reference A
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Site name Evidence Reference Athlum
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Armagh: Cathedral Hill, Co. Armagh
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Site name Evidence Reference Ballin
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Site name Evidence Reference Aghade
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Site name Evidence Reference Legget
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Co. Antrim Ballyhenry II, Co. Antri
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Co. Louth Donegore, Co. Antrim Doon
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Co. Monaghan Lisleitrim, Co. Armagh
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Townland/Site Name Site Type Commen
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young lords of territories; six in
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The only ornaments which appear in
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perhaps adopted only by a minority
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Clogher, Co. Tyrone Multivallate pl
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Fig 3.2: brooches by site types (40
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Cloghermore, Dalkey Island, Dooey,
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Of the 216 sites with personal orna
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Glass is the most common material f
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Chapter 8: Manufacturing on Rural S
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weft-beaters or other weaving-relat
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the preparatory stage occurred in t
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Carraig Aille II 33 18 stone, 15 bo
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possible Roestown, Co Meath Non-cir
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Fig. 8.3: Location of sites with ev
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matting. Rush seeds were found in t
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(Lennon 1994, 59), Rathgurreen (Com
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Cherrywood Other Pin slag Collierst
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Significant evidence for metal-work
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Kilkenny 1 1 Longford 1 1 Ulster 13
Page 146 and 147: Dooey Other Pins bone working evide
Page 148 and 149: APPENDIX 2 Site Site type Preparati
Page 150 and 151: Marshes Upper Non-circular Y Y Y Mi
Page 152 and 153: Bayley, D. 2003:1286. Newtownbalreg
Page 154 and 155: Brady, N. & Gibson, P. 2005. The Ea
Page 156 and 157: Chart, D.A. 1940. A Preliminary Sur
Page 158 and 159: - 1994. Atlantic fortifications: Th
Page 160 and 161: Delaney, S. 2003:1272. Carn More, F
Page 162 and 163: Doyle, T. 2008. Hair of the dog. Se
Page 164 and 165: - 2006b. Archaeological discoveries
Page 166 and 167: social transformation c. A.D. 500-1
Page 168 and 169: Papers from the Proceedings of the
Page 170 and 171: - 2010. Viking elements in Irish to
Page 172 and 173: - 1999. The Vikings in the Kingdom
Page 174 and 175: Lennon, A. M. & Henry, M. 2000. Pre
Page 176 and 177: McCarthy, A. 1986:29. Ballybunion,
Page 178 and 179: Since the Roman Period. London & Sy
Page 180 and 181: - 1988. Excavations at Lisleagh Rin
Page 182 and 183: NAC leaflet. 2011. Steeple Road, An
Page 184 and 185: Meath. Unpublished report prepared
Page 186 and 187: - 1951-2a. St. Gobnet’s House, Ba
Page 188 and 189: - 2005b. Medieval fish traps on the
Page 190 and 191: - 1953. Preliminary report on Excav
Page 192 and 193: - 1958. Two souterrains at Bawntaaf
Page 194 and 195: - 2007. Clonfad 3: A unique glimpse
Page 198 and 199: - 1971. A Marshland Habitation Site
Page 200 and 201: Zajac, S. 2002:1382. Carrowkeel, Co
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