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Lennon, A. M. & Henry, M. 2000. Preliminary Report on Archaeological Excavation at Cloongownagh, Co. Roscommon. Unpub’d Report, Mary Henry & Co. Ltd. - 2001. Archaeological Report on the Excavation at Cloongownagh, Co. Roscommon. Unpub’d Report. Mary Henry & Co. Ltd. Lennon, A. M. & O’Hara, R. 2011. Archaeological excavation of an early medieval enclosure at Leggetsrath West, Co. Kilkenny. In C. Corlett & M Potterton (eds). Settlement in Early Medieval Ireland in Light of Recent Archaeological Excavations, 223-238. Bray. Wordwell. Limbert, D. 1996. Irish ringforts: A review of their origins. The Archaeological Journal, 153, 243–89. Lindsay, A. W. 1934-5. The Dunalis Souterrain and Ogham Stone. Proceedings of the Belfast Natural History and Philosophical Society, 61-70. Linnane, S. 2009. Report on the Archaeological Excavation of Baronstown 1, Co. Meath. Unpublished report prepared for Archaeological Consultancy Services Ltd. Linnane, S. & Kinsella, J. 2007. Fort Baronstown? Exploring the social role of an impressive ringfort on the M3. Seanda, 2, 57–9, Dublin. National Roads Authority. - 2009a. Report on the Archaeological Excavation of Baronstown 1, Co. Meath. http://www.m3motorway.ie/Archaeology/Section2/Baronstown1/file,16723,en.pdf - 2009b. Military lords and defensive beginnings: a preliminary assessment of the social role of an impressive rath at Baronstown. In M. Deevy and D. Murphy (eds) Places Along the Way: First Findings on the M3, 101–22. National Roads Authority Scheme Monograph Series 5. Bray. Wordwell. Liversage, G.D. 1968. Excavations at Dalkey Island, Co. Dublin 1956-59. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 66C, 53–233. Long, C. 2001:022. Derrymore Fort, Bessbrook. http://www.excavations.ie. Long, H. 1994. Three settlements of Gaelic Wicklow 1169-1600: Rathgall, Ballinacor and Glendalough. In K. Hannigan & W. Nolan (eds). Wicklow History & Society: Interdisciplinary Essays on the History of an Irish County, 248–256. Dublin. Geography Publications. Lucas, A. T. 1956. Footwear in Ireland. County Louth Archaeological Journal, 13, 309-94. - 1965. Washing and bathing in ancient Ireland. Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, 95, 65–114. - 1971/73. Souterrains: The literary evidence. Béaloideas, 39–41, 165–191. - 1989. Cattle in ancient Ireland. Kilkenny. Boethius Press. Lynch, A. & Manning, C. 1990. Dublin Castle: The archaeological project. Archaeology Ireland, 4(2), 65–9. - 2001. Excavations at Dublin castle, 1985-7, in S. Duffy (ed.) Medieval Dublin II: proceedings of the Friends of Medieval Dublin Symposium 2000. Medieval Dublin Series, 169–204. Trinity College Dublin. Four Courts Press. Lynch, R. 2000:0774. Platin, Co. Meath. www.excavations.ie. - 2001:1022. Duleek Road, Platin, Co. Meath. www.excavations.ie. - 2002. Stratigraphic report on an archaeological excavation at Site 22, Northern motorway, contract 7, Platin, Co. Meath. Unpub’d IAC Report. Lynn, C. J. 1975a. The medieval ringfort: An archaeological chimera? Irish Archaeological Research Forum, 29, 29–36. - 1975b. The dating of raths: an orthodox view. Ulster Journal of Archaeology, 38, 45– 7. - 1977. Recent archaeological excavations in Armagh City: An interim summary. Seanchas Ardmhacha, 8(2), 275–80. - 1977-79:0001. Ballyboley, Co. Antrim. www.excavations.ie - 1977-79:0003. Ballymurphy, Co. Antrim. www.excavations.ie - 1978a. Early Christian period domestic structures: a change from round to rectangular plans? Irish Archaeological Research Forum, 5, 29–45. - 1978b. An enclosure in Seacash Townland, County Antrim, Ulster Journal of Archaeology (Third Series), 41, 55–74. - 1981-2. The excavation of Rathmullan, a raised enclosure and motte in County Down, Ulster Journal of Archaeology (Third Series), 44–5, 168. 170
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The Early Medieval Archaeology Proj
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Table of Contents Section 1: An Ove
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value to excavation reports far bey
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Fig. 1.2: Percentages of site types
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Map 1.1: Map of site that produced
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Map 1.3a: Map of site that produced
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Page 16 and 17:
Page 18 and 19:
Page 20 and 21:
Page 22 and 23:
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Map 1.11: Geological evidence for s
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data from over 300 sites, and has p
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2.2: Iron artefacts on Irish early
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2012 gazetteer as well as at Randal
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also been found within or close to
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superstructure (ibid. 117). A few a
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2.4.1: Smithing Secondary smithing
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working furnace at Rathgurreen and
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smithing and bloom smithing (827 kg
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number of hearths as indicative of
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univallate enclosures at Lisleagh 1
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Chapter 3: Early Medieval Non-Ferro
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Map 3.1: Map showing distribution o
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little Irish work has been undertak
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3.2.4: Motif-pieces Stone, antler,
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supported by the evidence on most l
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needle (ibid. 144-49). However, McE
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ferrous metal-working relative to s
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glass-working which might suggest t
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93). One decorated millefiori rod a
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Map 5.1: Map of Ireland showing evi
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handles, some smoothed and undecora
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comb of Scottish origin at Castlefa
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Chapter 6: Early medieval stone-wor
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Grindstones are circular stones wit
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North and appear to have been disca
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APPENDIX 1 Site Site type Metalwork
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Site Site type Metalworking Residue
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Site Site type Metal-working Artefa
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Site Site type Metal-working featur
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Site Site type Evidence Reference A
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Site name Evidence Reference Athlum
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Armagh: Cathedral Hill, Co. Armagh
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Site name Evidence Reference Ballin
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Site name Evidence Reference Aghade
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Site name Evidence Reference Legget
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Co. Antrim Ballyhenry II, Co. Antri
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Co. Louth Donegore, Co. Antrim Doon
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Co. Monaghan Lisleitrim, Co. Armagh
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Townland/Site Name Site Type Commen
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young lords of territories; six in
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The only ornaments which appear in
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perhaps adopted only by a minority
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Clogher, Co. Tyrone Multivallate pl
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Fig 3.2: brooches by site types (40
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Cloghermore, Dalkey Island, Dooey,
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Of the 216 sites with personal orna
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Glass is the most common material f
Page 124 and 125: Chapter 8: Manufacturing on Rural S
Page 126 and 127: weft-beaters or other weaving-relat
Page 128 and 129: the preparatory stage occurred in t
Page 130 and 131: Carraig Aille II 33 18 stone, 15 bo
Page 132 and 133: possible Roestown, Co Meath Non-cir
Page 134 and 135: Fig. 8.3: Location of sites with ev
Page 136 and 137: matting. Rush seeds were found in t
Page 138 and 139: (Lennon 1994, 59), Rathgurreen (Com
Page 140 and 141: Cherrywood Other Pin slag Collierst
Page 142 and 143: Significant evidence for metal-work
Page 144 and 145: Kilkenny 1 1 Longford 1 1 Ulster 13
Page 146 and 147: Dooey Other Pins bone working evide
Page 148 and 149: APPENDIX 2 Site Site type Preparati
Page 150 and 151: Marshes Upper Non-circular Y Y Y Mi
Page 152 and 153: Bayley, D. 2003:1286. Newtownbalreg
Page 154 and 155: Brady, N. & Gibson, P. 2005. The Ea
Page 156 and 157: Chart, D.A. 1940. A Preliminary Sur
Page 158 and 159: - 1994. Atlantic fortifications: Th
Page 160 and 161: Delaney, S. 2003:1272. Carn More, F
Page 162 and 163: Doyle, T. 2008. Hair of the dog. Se
Page 164 and 165: - 2006b. Archaeological discoveries
Page 166 and 167: social transformation c. A.D. 500-1
Page 168 and 169: Papers from the Proceedings of the
Page 170 and 171: - 2010. Viking elements in Irish to
Page 172 and 173: - 1999. The Vikings in the Kingdom
Page 176 and 177: McCarthy, A. 1986:29. Ballybunion,
Page 178 and 179: Since the Roman Period. London & Sy
Page 180 and 181: - 1988. Excavations at Lisleagh Rin
Page 182 and 183: NAC leaflet. 2011. Steeple Road, An
Page 184 and 185: Meath. Unpublished report prepared
Page 186 and 187: - 1951-2a. St. Gobnet’s House, Ba
Page 188 and 189: - 2005b. Medieval fish traps on the
Page 190 and 191: - 1953. Preliminary report on Excav
Page 192 and 193: - 1958. Two souterrains at Bawntaaf
Page 194 and 195: - 2007. Clonfad 3: A unique glimpse
Page 196 and 197: Historical Journal, 3, 165-86. Wadd
Page 198 and 199: - 1971. A Marshland Habitation Site
Page 200 and 201: Zajac, S. 2002:1382. Carrowkeel, Co
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