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- 1999. The Vikings in the Kingdom of Laois. In P.G. Lane & W. Nolan (eds). Laois: History and Society: Interdisciplinary Studies in the History of an Irish County, 123– 59. Dublin. Geography Publications. Kelly, E.P. & O’Donovan, E. 1998. A Viking Longphort near Athlunkard, Co. Clare. Archaeology Ireland, 12(4), 13–6. Kelly, F. (ed.) 1976. Audacht Morainn. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies - 1988. A Guide to Early Irish Law. Early Irish Law Series Volume III. Dublin: School of Celtic Studies, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies - 1997. Early Irish Farming. Early Irish Law Series Volume IV. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies. Kendrick, T. D. 1939. Gallen Priory Excavations, 1934-5. Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, 69, 1–20. Kenny, M. 1984. A find of Anglo-Saxon pennies from Newtownlow. Ríocht na Midhe, 7.3, 37- 43. Kenward, H. K. & Allison, E. P. 1994. A preliminary view of the insect assemblages from the early Christian rath site at Deer Park Farms, Northern Ireland, in J. Rackham (ed.) Environment and Economy in Anglo-Saxon England: Proceedings of a conference held at the Museum of London, 9-10 April, 1990. London: Council for British Archaeology Bowes Morrell House. Kenny, N. 2010. Charcoal Production in medieval Ireland. In M. Stanley, E. Danaher & J. Eogan (eds). Creative Minds: Production, Manufacturing and Invention in Ancient Ireland: Proceedings of a Public Seminar on Archaeological Discoveries on National Road Schemes, August 2009, 7, 99–115. Dublin. Wordwell. Kerr, T.R. 2007. Early Christian Settlement in North-West Ulster. British Archaeological Series 430. Oxford. Tempus Reparatum. Kerr, T. R., Harney, L., Kinsella, J., O’Sullivan, A. & McCormick, F. 2010. Early Medieval Dwellings and Settlements in Ireland, A.D. 400-1100. EMAP Report 4.2. Vol. 2, 713 Kiely, J. & O’Donoghue, J. 2011. Archaeological excavation report E2426 – Gortnahown 2, Co. Cork. Eachtra Journal 10. http://eachtra.ie/index.php/journal/ Kieran, E. 2004. 2004:1186. Betaghstown, Co. Meath, prehistoric enclosing ditch. www.excavations.ie. Kilbride-Jones, H. E. 1980. Zoomorphic Penannular Brooches. Reports of the Research Committee of the Society of Antiquaries of London No. XXXIX. London: The Society of Antiquaries of London King, H.A. 1992. Excavations at Clonmacnoise. Archaeology Ireland, 6(3), 12–4. - 1995:240. New graveyard, Clonmacnoise, Co. Offaly. www.excavations.ie. - 2009. The economy and industry of early medieval Clonmacnoise: A preliminary view. In N. Edwards (ed.). The Archaeology of the Early Medieval Celtic Churches, 333–49. Leeds. Maney Publishing. Kinsella, J. 2005. Locating the poor and unfree of early medieval Ireland. Medieval Settlement Research Group Annual Report, 20, 25–9. - 2008. New discoveries and fresh insights: Researching the early medieval archaeology of the M3, Co. Meath. In J. O'Sullivan & M. Stanley (eds). Roads, Rediscovery and Research: Proceedings of a Public Seminar on Archaeological Discoveries on National Road Schemes, August 2007, 5, 95–107. Bray. Wordwell. - 2010. A new Irish early medieval site-type? Exploring the ‘Recent?’ archaeological evidence for non-circular enclosed settlement and burial sites. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 110(C), 89-132. Knott, E. (ed.) 1975. Togail Bruidne Da Derga. Medieval and Modern Irish Series 8. Dublin Stationery Office. Kruse, S. E & Tate, J. 1992. XRF analysis of Viking Age silver ingots. Proceedings of Antiquaries of Scotland, 122, 295-328. Kyle, A., Stewart, K. Tourunen, A. 2009. Excavating a meal: a multidisciplinary approach to early medieval food economy, in M. Stanley, E. Danaher & J. Eogan (eds.) Dining and Dwelling. Archaeology and the National Roads Authority: Monograph Series No. 6. Wordwell, Dublin. 168
Lafferty, S., Commins, P., & Walsh, J. A. 1999. Irish Agriculture in Transition: A Census Atlas of Agriculture in the Republic of Ireland. Dublin. Teagasc. Laing, L. 2006. The Archaeology of Celtic Britain and Ireland: c. AD 400-1200. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Lane, A. & Campbell, E. 2000. Dunadd. An early Dalriadic capital. Oxford: Oxbow. Lane S. 1999. Archaeological Excavations: Banduff, Co. Cork. Unpub’d report. Lane, S. & Sutton, D. 2003. 3 and 5 Barrack Street (99E650). In R. M. Cleary & M. F. Hurley (eds). Excavation in Cork City 1984-2000, 5–12. Cork. Cork County Council. Lanigan, H. M. 1964. Jet bracelets in Ireland: rings of fossil wood. Unpublished MA thesis, University College Dublin Large, S. 2003:445. Carnreagh, Co. Down. www.excavations.ie Larsson, E. 2004:0644. Kilgobbin Lane/Enniskerry Road, Stepaside, Co. Dublin. www.excavations.ie - 2004:0645. Kilgobbin Lane/Enniskerry Road, Stepaside, Co. Dublin www.excavations.ie - 2004:0646. Kilgobbin Lane/Enniskerry Road, Stepaside, Co. Dublin. www.excavations.ie Lavelle, D. 1994:202. Moore Cemetery, Loughlackagh, Co. Roscommon. www.excavations.ie Lavelle, D., Crumlish, R., Gallagher, B., Jones, J. & Morahan, L. 1994. An Archaeological Survey of Ballinrobe and District (including Lough Mask and Lough Carra). Castlebar. Lough Mask and Lough Carra Tourism Development Association. Lawless, C. 1992. Lough More, Bofeenaun, Co. Mayo: crannog, fulachta fiadh, deer traps and associated archaeological sites. Cathair Na Mart 12, (1), 13–31. Lawlor, H. C. 1915/16. Some notes on the investigation of dwelling places of prehistoric man in N.E. Ireland. Proceedings of the Belfast Natural History & Philosophical Society, 31–61. - 1916/18. Prehistoric Dwelling-Places. Proceedings of the Belfast Natural History & Philosophical Society, 77–103. - 1918–1920. Some investigations on the souterrain. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 35C, 214–217. - 1925. The monastery of Saint Mochaoi of Nendrum Belfast. The Belfast Natural History and Philosophical Society. - 1935. Finds of two urns at Knockaholet, near Armoy, County Antrim. Irish Naturalists Journal 5(7), 171-72. Lehane, J. 2004:1187. Bettystown, Co. Meath. www.excavations.ie. Lehane, J. & Delaney, F. 2010. Final Archaeological Excavation Report: Owenbristy, Co. Galway. Eachtra Journal, 8. http://eachtra.ie/index.php/journal/ Lehane, J, Muñiz Pérez, M, O’Sullivan, J. & Wilkins, B. 2010. Three cemetery-settlement excavations in County Galway at Carrowkeel, Treanbaun and Owenbristy, in C. Corlett & M. Potterton (eds.) Death and burial in Early Medieval Ireland in the light of recent archaeological excavations, 139–56. Bray. Wordwell. Leister, I. 1976. Peasant Openfield Farming and its Territorial Organisation in Co. Tipperary. Marburg. Lahn. Lennon, A. M. 1993. Excavation of a ringfort, Raheens I, near Carrigaline, Co. Cork. Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society, 98, 75–89. - 1994. Summary report on Excavation of Ringfort, Raheens No. 2 near Carrigaline, Co. Cork. Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society, 99, 47-65. - 2000:0849. Cloongownagh, Co. Roscommon. www.excavations.ie - 2005. Preliminary Report February 2005. Archaeological Excavation and Monitoring. N77 Kilkenny Ring Road Extension, Blanchfieldsland, Kilkenny. ACS Report. - 2006a. Archaeological Excavation and Monitoring at Leggetsrath West, Kilkenny. Unpub’d Report. - 2006b. Excavation of a rath at Leggetsrath west, Co. Kilkenny, in J. O’Sullivan & M. Stanley (eds.) Settlement, Industry and Ritual: Archaeology and the National Roads Authority – Monograph Series 03. Wordwell Ltd, 43-53. - 2009. Report on the archaeological excavation of Derrinsallagh 3, Co. Laois. Unpub’d Report ACS. 169
Page 2 and 3:
The Early Medieval Archaeology Proj
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Table of Contents Section 1: An Ove
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value to excavation reports far bey
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Fig. 1.2: Percentages of site types
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Map 1.1: Map of site that produced
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Map 1.3a: Map of site that produced
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Page 16 and 17:
Page 18 and 19:
Page 20 and 21:
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Map 1.11: Geological evidence for s
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data from over 300 sites, and has p
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2.2: Iron artefacts on Irish early
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2012 gazetteer as well as at Randal
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also been found within or close to
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superstructure (ibid. 117). A few a
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2.4.1: Smithing Secondary smithing
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working furnace at Rathgurreen and
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smithing and bloom smithing (827 kg
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number of hearths as indicative of
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univallate enclosures at Lisleagh 1
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Chapter 3: Early Medieval Non-Ferro
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Map 3.1: Map showing distribution o
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little Irish work has been undertak
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3.2.4: Motif-pieces Stone, antler,
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supported by the evidence on most l
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needle (ibid. 144-49). However, McE
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ferrous metal-working relative to s
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glass-working which might suggest t
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93). One decorated millefiori rod a
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Map 5.1: Map of Ireland showing evi
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handles, some smoothed and undecora
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comb of Scottish origin at Castlefa
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Chapter 6: Early medieval stone-wor
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Grindstones are circular stones wit
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North and appear to have been disca
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APPENDIX 1 Site Site type Metalwork
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Site Site type Metalworking Residue
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Page 82 and 83:
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Site Site type Metal-working Artefa
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Site Site type Metal-working featur
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Site Site type Evidence Reference A
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Site name Evidence Reference Athlum
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Armagh: Cathedral Hill, Co. Armagh
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Site name Evidence Reference Ballin
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Site name Evidence Reference Aghade
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Site name Evidence Reference Legget
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Co. Antrim Ballyhenry II, Co. Antri
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Co. Louth Donegore, Co. Antrim Doon
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Co. Monaghan Lisleitrim, Co. Armagh
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Townland/Site Name Site Type Commen
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young lords of territories; six in
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The only ornaments which appear in
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perhaps adopted only by a minority
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Clogher, Co. Tyrone Multivallate pl
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Fig 3.2: brooches by site types (40
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Cloghermore, Dalkey Island, Dooey,
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Of the 216 sites with personal orna
Page 122 and 123: Glass is the most common material f
Page 124 and 125: Chapter 8: Manufacturing on Rural S
Page 126 and 127: weft-beaters or other weaving-relat
Page 128 and 129: the preparatory stage occurred in t
Page 130 and 131: Carraig Aille II 33 18 stone, 15 bo
Page 132 and 133: possible Roestown, Co Meath Non-cir
Page 134 and 135: Fig. 8.3: Location of sites with ev
Page 136 and 137: matting. Rush seeds were found in t
Page 138 and 139: (Lennon 1994, 59), Rathgurreen (Com
Page 140 and 141: Cherrywood Other Pin slag Collierst
Page 142 and 143: Significant evidence for metal-work
Page 144 and 145: Kilkenny 1 1 Longford 1 1 Ulster 13
Page 146 and 147: Dooey Other Pins bone working evide
Page 148 and 149: APPENDIX 2 Site Site type Preparati
Page 150 and 151: Marshes Upper Non-circular Y Y Y Mi
Page 152 and 153: Bayley, D. 2003:1286. Newtownbalreg
Page 154 and 155: Brady, N. & Gibson, P. 2005. The Ea
Page 156 and 157: Chart, D.A. 1940. A Preliminary Sur
Page 158 and 159: - 1994. Atlantic fortifications: Th
Page 160 and 161: Delaney, S. 2003:1272. Carn More, F
Page 162 and 163: Doyle, T. 2008. Hair of the dog. Se
Page 164 and 165: - 2006b. Archaeological discoveries
Page 166 and 167: social transformation c. A.D. 500-1
Page 168 and 169: Papers from the Proceedings of the
Page 170 and 171: - 2010. Viking elements in Irish to
Page 174 and 175: Lennon, A. M. & Henry, M. 2000. Pre
Page 176 and 177: McCarthy, A. 1986:29. Ballybunion,
Page 178 and 179: Since the Roman Period. London & Sy
Page 180 and 181: - 1988. Excavations at Lisleagh Rin
Page 182 and 183: NAC leaflet. 2011. Steeple Road, An
Page 184 and 185: Meath. Unpublished report prepared
Page 186 and 187: - 1951-2a. St. Gobnet’s House, Ba
Page 188 and 189: - 2005b. Medieval fish traps on the
Page 190 and 191: - 1953. Preliminary report on Excav
Page 192 and 193: - 1958. Two souterrains at Bawntaaf
Page 194 and 195: - 2007. Clonfad 3: A unique glimpse
Page 196 and 197: Historical Journal, 3, 165-86. Wadd
Page 198 and 199: - 1971. A Marshland Habitation Site
Page 200 and 201: Zajac, S. 2002:1382. Carrowkeel, Co
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