Guidelines for Pool and Spa Operators - Arkansas Department of
Guidelines for Pool and Spa Operators - Arkansas Department of
Guidelines for Pool and Spa Operators - Arkansas Department of
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Frequently Used Conversions, Formulas <strong>and</strong> Constants<br />
Shape Surface Area Volume (in gallons)<br />
Length (A) X width (B) = square feet<br />
Rectangular<br />
or square pools<br />
Surface area X avg. depth X 7.5 = pool<br />
volume<br />
Round<br />
3.14 X radius (R) X radius (R)= square feet<br />
Surface area X avg. depth X 5.9 = pool<br />
volume<br />
Oval<br />
3.14 X radius (r1) X radius (r2)=square<br />
feet<br />
Surface area X avg. depth X 6.7 = pool<br />
volume<br />
Kidney<br />
shaped<br />
Avg. width{(A+B) ÷ 2} X length(C) =<br />
square feet<br />
Surface area X avg. depth X 7.0 = pool<br />
volume<br />
Odd or<br />
Irregular<br />
shaped pools<br />
ounces to pounds<br />
# oz ÷16=# lbs<br />
fluid ounces to gallons<br />
# fluid oz ÷ 128= # gallons<br />
liters to gallons<br />
# liters x 3.786 = # gallons<br />
cups to fluid ounces<br />
# cups x 8 = # fl oz<br />
cubic feet to gallons<br />
# cubic feet x 7.5 = # gallons<br />
pints to quarts<br />
# pints x 2 = # quarts<br />
divide the pool up into basic shapes to best<br />
determine surface area<br />
**NOTE: (Depth at shallow end + depth at deep end) then ÷ 2 = Average depth (Avg. depth) **<br />
square inches to square feet<br />
# sq. inches ÷ 144 = # sq ft<br />
meters to feet<br />
# meters x 3.28 = # feet<br />
yards to feet<br />
# yards x 3 = # feet<br />
gallons to pounds<br />
# gallons x 8.33= # pounds<br />
quarts to gallons<br />
# qrts x 4 = # gallons<br />
micron= 1 millionth <strong>of</strong> a meter<br />
25.4 microns per 1/1000 inch<br />
Conversions<br />
7<br />
Celsius (C) to Fahrenheit (F)<br />
degrees F = (9/5 x degrees C) + 32<br />
Fahrenheit (F) to Celsius (C)<br />
degrees C = 5/9 x (degrees F – 32)<br />
BTU vs. temperature rise<br />
# BTU‘s = # gallons x 8.33 x # degrees F (temp. rise)<br />
parts per million to milligrams per liter<br />
1ppm = 1mg/l<br />
1ppm = 8.3 pounds <strong>of</strong> chemical in one million gallons <strong>of</strong><br />
water<br />
1 pound per square inch (psi) is the pressure created by a<br />
column <strong>of</strong> water 2.31 feet high<br />
Flow Rate: <strong>Pool</strong> volume ÷ turnover rate ÷ 60 = gallons per minute (gpm)<br />
Turnover Rate: <strong>Pool</strong> volume ÷ Flow Rate ÷ 60 = hours<br />
<strong>Spa</strong> Water Change: Replacement Interval (days) = [{<strong>Spa</strong> gallons ÷ 3} ÷ {Users per day}]<br />
Combined Chlorine (chloramines): total chlorine – free chlorine= if .2 or more then shock<br />
divide the pool up into basic shapes to best<br />
determine volume or get copy <strong>of</strong> pool<br />
engineering specifications<br />
Swimming pool maximum bathing load (SPMBL) The maximum number <strong>of</strong> bathers in the pool at any one time shall<br />
<strong>for</strong> <strong>Arkansas</strong> swimming regulations<br />
not exceed a number determined by the <strong>for</strong>mulas<br />
{(A – S S)÷30} + { S÷15} = SPMBL (For outdoor pools) Where: A = Total area <strong>of</strong> water surface in square feet<br />
{(A – S S)÷30} + { S÷25} = SPMBL (For indoor pools)_ S = Area <strong>of</strong> pool less than 5.5 feet deep in square feet.<br />
<strong>Spa</strong>: max. bather load = 1 per 10 sq. ft. <strong>of</strong> water surface
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