occipital neuralgia and cervicogenic, cluster and migraine headaches

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HCPCS Code (not medically necessary) E0720 L8680 L8683 L8685 Description Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) device, two lead, localized stimulation Implantable neurostimulator electrode (with any number of contact points), each Radiofrequency transmitter (external) for use with implantable neurostimulator radiofrequency receiver Implantable neurostimulator pulse generator, single array, rechargeable, includes extension ICD-9 Code Description 784.0 Headache 346.0-346.9 Migraine 723.8 Other syndromes affecting cervical region (Occipital neuralgia) 339.00-339.89 Cluster headaches and other trigeminal autonomic cephalgias 307.81 Tension headache REFERENCES Acar F, Miller J, Golshani KJ, et al. Pain relief after cervical ganglionectomy (C2 and C3) for the treatment of medically intractable occipital neuralgia. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg. 2008;86(2):106-12. Afridi SK, Shields KG, Bhola R, et al. Greater occipital nerve injection in primary headache syndromes--prolonged effects from a single injection. Pain. 2006 May;122(1-2):126-9. Ahmed HE, White PF, Craig WF, et al. Use of percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PENS) in the short-term management of headache. Headache. 2000 Apr;40(4):311-5. Akın Takmaz S, Inan N, Uçler S, et al. Greater occipital nerve block in migraine headache: Preliminary results of 10 patients. Agri. 2008 Jan;20(1):47-50. Ambrosini A, Vandenheede M, Rossi P, et al. Suboccipital injection with a mixture of rapid- and longacting steroids in cluster headache: a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Pain. 2005 Nov;118(1- 2):92-6. American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS). Patient Information: Occipital Neuralgia. November 2006. Available at: http://www.aans.org/en/Patient%20Information.aspx Accessed July 2012. American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Chronic Pain Management; American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (ASA/ASRA). Practice guidelines for chronic pain management: an updated report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Chronic Pain Management, and the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Occipital Neuralgia & Headache Page 18 of 24
Medicine. Anesthesiology.2010;112(4):810-833. Available at: http://journals.lww.com/anesthesiology/Fulltext/2010/04000/Practice_Guidelines_for_Chronic_Pai. Accessed July 2012. Amin S, Buvanendran A, Park KS, et al. Peripheral nerve stimulator for the treatment of supraorbital neuralgia: a retrospective case series. Cephalalgia. 2008 Apr;28(4):355-9. Ansarinia M, Rezai A, Tepper SJ, et al. Electrical stimulation of sphenopalatine ganglion for acute treatment of cluster headaches. Headache. 2010 Jul;50(7):1164-74. Anthony M. Cervicogenic headache: prevalence and response to local steroid therapy. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2000 Mar-Apr;18(2 Suppl 19):S59-64. Anthony M. Headache and the greater occipital nerve. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 1992;94(4):297-301. Antonaci F, Ghirmai S, Bono G, et al. Cervicogenic headache: evaluation of the original diagnostic criteria. Cephalalgia. 2001 Jun;21(5):573-83. Ashkenazi A, Blumenfeld A, Napchan U, et al.; Interventional Procedures Special Interest Section of the American. Peripheral nerve blocks and trigger point injections in headache management - a systematic review and suggestions for future research. Headache. 2010 Jun;50(6):943-52. Ashkenazi A, Matro R, Shaw JW, et al. Greater occipital nerve block using local anaesthetics alone or with triamcinolone for transformed migraine: a randomised comparative study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2008 Apr;79(4):415-7. Ashkenazi A, Young WB. The effects of greater occipital nerve block and trigger point injection on brush allodynia and pain in migraine. Headache. 2005 Apr;45(4):350-4. Bovim G, Sand T. Cervicogenic headache, migraine without aura and tension-type headache. Diagnostic blockade of greater occipital and supra-orbital nerves. Pain. 1992 Oct;51(1):43-8. Bovim G, Sjaastad O. Cervicogenic headache: responses to nitroglycerin, oxygen, ergotamine and morphine. Headache. 1993;33(5):249-252. Bovim G, Fredriksen TA, Stolt-Nielsen A, et al. Neurolysis of the greater occipital nerve in cervicogenic headache. A follow up study. Headache. 1992;32(4):175-179. Busch V, Jakob W, Juergens T, et al. Occipital nerve blockade in chronic cluster headache patients and functional connectivity between trigeminal and occipital nerves. Cephalalgia. 2007 Nov;27(11):1206- 14. Caputi CA, Firetto V. Therapeutic blockade of greater occipital and supraorbital nerves in migraine patients. Headache. 1997 Mar;37(3):174-9. Occipital Neuralgia & Headache Page 19 of 24
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