FSC reflected in scientific and professional literature
FSC reflected in scientific and professional literature
FSC reflected in scientific and professional literature
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
Forest Stewardship Council<br />
Non-timber forest products<br />
Worker wages <strong>and</strong> liv<strong>in</strong>g conditions<br />
Special cultural sites<br />
Economic & legal<br />
issues<br />
Forest management<br />
issues<br />
System issues<br />
Profitability of operation<br />
Compliance with state, federal <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>ternational laws<br />
Illegal activities <strong>and</strong> trespass<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Long term tenure<br />
Roads <strong>and</strong> skid trails<br />
Regeneration <strong>and</strong> reforestation<br />
Chemical use <strong>and</strong> disposal<br />
Exotic species <strong>and</strong> pests<br />
Conversion to non-forest uses<br />
Management plan<br />
Monitor<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Inventory<br />
Cha<strong>in</strong> of custody<br />
* Table from Newsom & Hewitt (2005) 83<br />
In the study, 2099 preconditions <strong>and</strong> conditions were given to the 129 operations <strong>in</strong> 21 countries<br />
<strong>and</strong> analyzed by the researchers.<br />
“Systems issues were addressed most often (by 98% of certified operations); however,<br />
even the category addressed least frequently – social issues – was addressed by 83% of<br />
certified operations. An exam<strong>in</strong>ation of the top ten issues addressed dur<strong>in</strong>g certification<br />
assessments lends support to the statement that the impacts of certification are very diverse<br />
<strong>and</strong> not skewed <strong>in</strong> any one direction (see diagram 1 below). The top ten list conta<strong>in</strong>s<br />
all four systems issues, three social issues, <strong>and</strong> three environmental issues. The percentages<br />
of operations that were required to address these issues range from 56% at the lowest<br />
to 93% at the highest. This means, for example, that 93% of certified operation had to<br />
either create a management plan or make improvements to their exist<strong>in</strong>g plan. 84 ”<br />
83 Newsom, Deanna <strong>and</strong> Hewitt, Daphne (2005): The Global Impacts of SmartWood Certification. F<strong>in</strong>al Report of<br />
the TREES Program for the Ra<strong>in</strong>forest Alliance. (as of June 2008: ) http://www.ra<strong>in</strong>forestalliance.org/programs/forestry/perspectives/documents/sw_impacts.pdf<br />
84 Ibid.<br />
44 of 245<br />
® <strong>FSC</strong>, A.C. All rights reserved. <strong>FSC</strong>-SECR-0002