Forests Sourcebook - HCV Resource Network

Box 9.5
Process Framework for Involuntary Access Restrictions (continued)
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Policy
– agreement on basic principles, entitlement
framework, criteria, and so forth
– formal endorsement by the government
Analysis and documentation
– census, surveys as required
– analysis of social groups, with special emphasis
on risk and vulnerability
Meaningful consultation and disclosure
– documentation of consultation processes and
implications for project design and implementation
mechanisms
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– public disclosure of relevant information in local
languages
Action and mitigation plans
– budget provision and clear responsibilities
– supervision, monitoring, and evaluation mechanisms
established
Institutional capacity and commitment
– evidence plans are realistic, can be implemented
– responsible institutions and agencies identified
Sources: World Bank 2005b.
Qualifications of consultants for social assessment.
The consultant or team of consultants should have the following
qualifications:
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practical experience in designing and implementing participatory
natural resource management projects, in
assessing and addressing interests of vulnerable people,
and an ability to manage interdisciplinary teams
detailed local knowledge of social issues related to natural
resource management, including usage of forest and
agriculture resources and community practices involving
natural resources
familiarity with the legal framework for usufruct rights
and access
experience with local forest or forest-related social issues
operational experience in social survey methods
ability to engage with local people and keep an open
mind to new approaches
ability to speak local languages
Additional qualifications might include the following:
extensive experience in microenterprise development;
familiarity with microfinance and revolving fund
options, marketing issues, and regulatory climate
experience with assessing structure, capacity, and interlinkages
of national and community-level organizations
knowledge of national and local institutions
extensive experience in community development and
participatory planning
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operational experience in analysis and design of communication
activities and dissemination materials
extensive professional background in human resources
development, including experience with training needs
assessment, building analytical and problem-solving skills,
and participative and interactive approaches to training
Economic and financial analysis
This analysis should examine the various economic and
financial factors affecting a forest-related project to enhance
the economic efficiency of the project and address distributional
questions. An economic analysis compares economic
and social benefits to the economy as a whole. The financial
analysis compares revenue and expenses, like operations
and maintenance costs.
It is important to understand the economic value of
forests that are affected by the project. In addition to forest
products and services, this valuation should include nonmarket
uses of forests, such as environmental services, social
uses, and subsistence uses.
In particular, the consultant should focus on the following
key components for this analysis:
Economic importance
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evaluate direct use of forests arising from consumptive and
nonconsumptive uses: timber, fruits, nuts, mushrooms,
medicinal plants, forage, hunting and fishing, tourism and
recreation, genetic resources, and educational uses
304 CHAPTER 9:APPLYING FORESTS POLICY OP 4.36