Forests Sourcebook - HCV Resource Network
Forests Sourcebook - HCV Resource Network Forests Sourcebook - HCV Resource Network
USFS Field Guides: www.fia.fs.fed.us/library/field-guidesmethods-proc/. USFS analysis tools: http://fiatools.fs.fed.us/fido/index.htm. USFS (United States Forest Service). 2007. Forest Inventory and Analysis: National Core Field Guide, version 4.0 (October 2007). Washington, DC: USFS. REFERENCES CITED FAO. 2007. Trust Fund Agreement Between the Government of Tanzania and the Food And Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Internal document. FAO, Rome. World Bank. 2003. Bosnia-Herzegovina—Forest Development and Conservation Project, Project Appraisal Document. Report No. 25881. Washington, DC. CROSS-REFERENCED CHAPTERS AND NOTES Note 6.1: Using National Forest Programs to Mainstream Forest Issues Note 7.2: Forest Management Information Systems 262 CHAPTER 7: MONITORING AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR FOREST MANAGEMENT
NOTE 7.2 Establishing Forest Management Information Systems Monitoring of projects, activities, and, more broadly, land-use practices has become more sophisticated, cost effective and, where relevant, participatory. The application and use of monitoring approaches in the forestry sector have been expanded to assess progress in projects and programs and to identify aspects that need modification (see chapter 7, Monitoring and Information Systems for Forest Management). What is an FMIS? An FMIS is an information technology (IT) system used as an aid for planning and monitoring forest management and conservation activities. The FMIS can potentially manage a wide range of spatial and alphanumeric data. Potential applications include its use in forest classification and mapping, rangeland and wildlife management, timber inventory (including projections of growth and yield), and for planning sustainable use and conservation of forest products and biological goods and services. Integrating management processes and appropriate computer-based tools can greatly enhance the effectiveness of gathering and storing data and then transforming it (using models and analytical processes) into useful information for the sustainable management and conservation of forest resources. However, these tools also require great care and planning in their development because they are expensive and time consuming to develop and maintain. Start-up costs include hardware and software acquisition, staff training, and data entry, the combination of which could consume about 80–90 percent of project budgets. Who could use FMIS and how? Various users (private companies, state forestry agencies, ministries of agriculture or forestry, NGOs, scientists and academics, donor agencies, and more) would have different needs for an FMIS, including forest monitoring and research, as well as the more traditional forest management planning. ■ ■ Private industry uses FMIS to better manage timberlands and the fiber supply chain from the forest management unit (FMU) level onward. FMIS can also support multiobjective forestry as required by forest certification schemes, laws, or policies. Government agencies use FMIS to plan the management of forest lands for multiple uses (fiber supply, tourism, biodiversity conservation, watershed management, and other environmental services). Government uses for such systems (the focus of this note) will differ by institutional structure and land and forest ownership patterns. 1 OPERATIONAL ASPECTS FMIS architecture. Establishing an FMIS is not just “computerizing” existing hard copy systems of forest management. FMISs have a standard system architecture (see box 7.13), but the complexity and sophistication of this architecture can vary depending on whether the FMIS serves specific projects or small operations or is part of wider corporate tools for large industry or government use. The architecture of an FMIS should be compatible with organizational and management needs and, while recognizing the limitations of current management capability and data availability, should be flexible enough to allow for the incorporation of improved management processes, new data, and new technologies. Design and selection guidelines. The FMIS is essentially a computer system, requiring hardware and software, as well as data, to be useful. Selecting the right hardware and software requires a good understanding of the system’s needs and applications, as well as the frequency of use of the various applications. Consequently, technology and applications specialists are needed to help with the design, startup, and debugging of a system. 263
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- Page 214 and 215: NOTE 6.1 Using National Forest Prog
- Page 216 and 217: Box 6.6 Basic Principles of NFP Pre
- Page 218 and 219: Implementation. The implementation
- Page 220 and 221: allow for each country’s differen
- Page 222 and 223: limited in the coverage and duratio
- Page 224 and 225: Box 6.12 The Use of DPLs to Support
- Page 226 and 227: Box 6.13 Using DPLs in Lao PDR for
- Page 228 and 229: OPCS. 2004. “Good Practice Notes
- Page 230 and 231: OPERATIONAL ASPECTS Prioritizing th
- Page 232 and 233: orientation of the DPL operations c
- Page 234 and 235: Indicators are helpful in these sit
- Page 236 and 237: ANNEX 6.3A SELECT TOOLS TO ASSIST S
- Page 238 and 239: NOTE 6.4 Assessing Cross-Sectoral I
- Page 240 and 241: Box 6.16 The Forests Component in t
- Page 242 and 243: Considering the above issues, an in
- Page 244 and 245: Box 6.19 Implementation of the Keny
- Page 246 and 247: World Bank SEA Web resources: http:
- Page 248 and 249: Box 7.1 Monitoring Promotes Changes
- Page 250 and 251: collected via remote sensing rather
- Page 252 and 253: Discussions and proposals on how to
- Page 254 and 255: Assessment (www.millenniumassessmen
- Page 256 and 257: FAO. 2004. “Manual for Environmen
- Page 258 and 259: ■ ■ ■ enables implementation
- Page 260 and 261: selecting the technology. Technolog
- Page 264 and 265: Box 7.13 System Architecture of a S
- Page 266 and 267: Box 7.14 FMIS in Bosnia and Herzego
- Page 268 and 269: and client-rich system, which would
- Page 270 and 271: ANNEX 7.2A MODEL TERMS OF REFERENCE
- Page 272 and 273: ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
- Page 274 and 275: NOTE 7.3 Spatial Monitoring of Fore
- Page 276 and 277: ■ ■ ■ ■ Availability of ref
- Page 278 and 279: Box 7.19 Selecting the Appropriate
- Page 280 and 281: Table 7.4 Existing Satellite Remote
- Page 282 and 283: Tropical Ecosystem Environment Obse
- Page 285: PART II Guidance on Implementing Fo
- Page 288 and 289: forestry activities was counterprod
- Page 290 and 291: waterways, or the quantity or quali
- Page 292 and 293: ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ an independent
- Page 294 and 295: ■ In the case of forest harvestin
- Page 296 and 297: ■ ■ harvesting supported by Wor
- Page 298 and 299: However, some of the World Bank’s
- Page 300 and 301: ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Examine the
- Page 302 and 303: Box 9.2 Participation Strategy To m
- Page 304 and 305: Box 9.5 Process Framework for Invol
- Page 306 and 307: Box 9.8 Market Analysis A market an
- Page 308 and 309: “no-project” option); and recom
- Page 310 and 311: Box 9.16 Environmental Management P
USFS Field Guides: www.fia.fs.fed.us/library/field-guidesmethods-proc/.<br />
USFS analysis tools: http://fiatools.fs.fed.us/fido/index.htm.<br />
USFS (United States Forest Service). 2007. Forest Inventory<br />
and Analysis: National Core Field Guide, version 4.0<br />
(October 2007). Washington, DC: USFS.<br />
REFERENCES CITED<br />
FAO. 2007. Trust Fund Agreement Between the Government<br />
of Tanzania and the Food And Agriculture Organization<br />
of the United Nations. Internal document. FAO, Rome.<br />
World Bank. 2003. Bosnia-Herzegovina—Forest Development<br />
and Conservation Project, Project Appraisal Document.<br />
Report No. 25881. Washington, DC.<br />
CROSS-REFERENCED CHAPTERS AND NOTES<br />
Note 6.1: Using National Forest Programs to Mainstream<br />
Forest Issues<br />
Note 7.2: Forest Management Information Systems<br />
262 CHAPTER 7: MONITORING AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR FOREST MANAGEMENT
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