LIFE01200604005 Shri Somnath Ghosh - Homi Bhabha National ...

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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS up-regulation of p21 (Fig.3.4.3.1 C and D, Lane, 4). The expression of p53 gene in these cells was significantly lower than irradiated cells as well as bystander cells. The cells cultured in the presence of medium derived from unirradiated cells did not show up-regulation either p53 or p21 gene expression (Fig.3.4.3.1 C and D, Lane 5). 3.4.3.2 NO production in irradiated and bystander cells Since the expressions of iNOS gene was significantly upregulated in irradiated and bystander cells (Fig.3.4.3.1B, Lane 2 and 3), it was of interest to look for NO production in these cells. NO production was found to be significantly enhanced in irradiated cells and bystander cells as compared to that in unirradiated control cells (Fig. 3, Lane 2 and 3). The NO production in the cells cultured in presence of only irradiated medium or medium derived from unirradiated cells was found to be similar to that in unirradiated cells (Fig.3.4.3.2, Lane 4 and 5). 3.4.3.3 DNA damage in irradiated and bystander cells Damage to cellular DNA was expressed as tail length (Fig.3.4.3.3 A), per cent DNA in tail (Fig.3.4.3.3 B), Olive tail moment (Fig.3.4.3.3 C) and Tail moment (Fig.3.4.3.3 D). The DNA damage was significantly higher in irradiated EL-4 cells as compared to that in unirradiated cells (Fig.3.4.3.3, A, B, C, D, Lane 2). The cells cultured in the presence of medium derived from irradiated cells also showed a significantly higher DNA damage as compared to the unirradiated control cells (Fig.3.4.3.3, A, B, C, D, Lane 3). However, the cells that had received only irradiated medium or medium from unirradiated control cells did not show any increase in DNA damage as compared to that in unirradiated control (Fig.3.4.3.3, A, B, C, D, Lane 4 and 5). 173
CHAPTER 3 RESULTS Fig.3.4.3.1 Gene expression of iNOS, p21, p53 and NF-kB (p65) in EL-4 cells cultured for 2 h in presence of different conditioned media. Total RNA from EL-4 cells was isolated and reverse transcribed. RT-PCR analysis of iNOS, p21, p53 and NF-kB (p65) genes was carried out as described in materials and methods. PCR products were resolved on 1.5% agarose gels containing ethidium bromide. Actin-β gene expression in each group was used as an internal control. Ratio of intensities of (A) NF-kB (p65), (B) iNOS, (C) p53 and (D) p21band to that of respective actin- β band as quantified from gel pictures are shown above each gel picture. Key: Lane 1, control unirradiated EL-4 cells; Lane 2, γ irradiated EL-4 cells; Lane 3, unirradiated EL-4 cells receiving medium from γ irradiated EL-4 cells; Lane 4, unirradiated EL-4 cells receiving medium irradiated with γ rays in the absence of cells; Lane 5, unirradiated EL-4 cells receiving medium from unirradiated EL-4 cells. Data represents means ± SE of three independent experiments; significantly different from unirradiated controls: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. 174
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RADIATION INDUCED SIGNALING IN MAMM
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DECLARATION I, hereby declare that
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CONTENTS Page No. SYNOPSIS………
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2.11 Measurement of NO production
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PREAMBLE SYNOPSIS Ionising radiatio
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SYNOPSIS Aims and Objectives: To St
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SYNOPSIS 2.6 Immunofluorescence sta
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SYNOPSIS ATM gene expression, which
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SYNOPSIS Percentage Survival 100 80
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SYNOPSIS Ratio of Rad52 to Actin Ra
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Relative Phosphorylation 45 40 35 3
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SYNOPSIS Fig. 3.3A Clonogenic Cell
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SYNOPSIS (A) Av No. of phospho BRCA
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SYNOPSIS Percentage Survival 120 10
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SYNOPSIS Fig.3.4B. Existance of cro
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SYNOPSIS Fig. 3.4EDNA damage in EL-
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SYNOPSIS subsequent cytotoxicity ca
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SYNOPSIS [4] Hall, E. J. Radiobiolo
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 15.8% 9.56%
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION far apart an
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION and are more
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.3 DNA dama
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION associates w
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION are unable t
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Perhaps one
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION occurs at DS
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION related prot
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION damage must
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION At the prese
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION predominant
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION provide a me
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION hypersensiti
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION cycle-specif
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.4 Overview
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.4.1 Radiat
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION interaction
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION p90S6 kinase
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION CD4 (formerl
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION unrepaired d
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION well to the
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.6 Radiatio
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION becomes pote
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CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS MAT
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CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.2
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CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS res
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CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS Arr
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CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS PBS
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CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS the
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CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1
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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS RESULTS 93
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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS fractionated regi
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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS On comparison of
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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS Table 3.1.2A List
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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 80 NM_002185 IL7R
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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS SAA2 149 AU134977
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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 221 LOC643167 RNA
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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 299 BF244402 FBXO
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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS CDK4) 57 AU152107
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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 134 AL045793 METT
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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 58 AF237813 ABAT
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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 127 AI809749 ORMD
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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 31 BE615699 UNC84
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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 47 AF026303 SULT1
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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 117 BF062193 CYor
Page 132 and 133: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 187 AL036662 ---
Page 134 and 135: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 52 AV686514 EMP2
Page 136 and 137: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS exposed to 10 Gy
Page 138 and 139: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS Fig.3.1.4 Gene ex
Page 140 and 141: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS Fig. 3.1.6 Radiat
Page 142 and 143: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS Fig. 3.1.7 Transl
Page 144 and 145: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 3.1.9 Stabilizati
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Page 148 and 149: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS whereas only the
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Page 156 and 157: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS Fig.3.3.1.2 Forma
Page 158 and 159: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS Fig.3.3.1.3 Phosp
Page 160 and 161: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS (7.5±0.64) (Fig.
Page 164 and 165: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS Fig.3.3.1.7b Phos
Page 166 and 167: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 3.3.2 Oxygen beam
Page 168 and 169: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS in all the cells.
Page 170 and 171: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 3.3.2.3 Radiation
Page 176 and 177: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS Fig.3.3.2.7 Apopt
Page 178 and 179: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS PMA stimulated U9
Page 180 and 181: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS Fig.3.4.2. Exista
Page 184 and 185: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS Fig.3.4.3.2 NO pr
Page 186 and 187: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 3.4.3.4 Apoptotic
Page 188 and 189: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 3.4.4 Bystander e
Page 190 and 191: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS Fig.3.4.4b DNA da
Page 192 and 193: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS Fig.3.4.5a Gene e
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Page 196 and 197: CHAPTER 4 DISCUSSION directly expos
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Page 218 and 219: CHAPTER 4 DISCUSSION inhibition of
Page 220 and 221: CHAPTER 4 DISCUSSION The survival o
Page 222 and 223: CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES [1] Khan, F. T
Page 224 and 225: CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES [19] Woo, R. A
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CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES [84] Uziel, T.
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CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES [98] Liu, Y.;
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CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES [111] Fei, P.;
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CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES [127] Frank, K
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CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES [141] Pierce,
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CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES [156] Roots, R
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CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES [171] Xia, Z.;
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CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES (MAP) kinase c
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CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES phosphorylatio
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CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES [211] Anderson
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CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES [229] Konca, K
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CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES [245] Kastan,
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CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES [261] Miralbel
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CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES [278] Weizman,
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CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES [294] Zhou, H.
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PUBLICATIONS AND PRESENTATIONS Publ
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Mutation Research 729 (2012) 61-72
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S. Ghosh, M. Krishna / Mutation Res
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