06.01.2014 Views

SuperFill™ Surge Reduction Equipment - Halliburton

SuperFill™ Surge Reduction Equipment - Halliburton

SuperFill™ Surge Reduction Equipment - Halliburton

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

11-1 Casing Attachments


Casing Attachments<br />

Casing attachments are items attached to the casing OD as<br />

the casing is run in the wellbore. These items are designed to<br />

contribute to a successful primary cementing job. Over time,<br />

numerous casing attachments have been developed for use in<br />

primary cementing operations. These attachments can help<br />

the operator successfully place the casing string in the well<br />

and enhance mud removal from the wellbore. The type of<br />

primary cementing equipment used depends on individual<br />

well requirements and can vary widely within geographical<br />

areas and from field to field. Secondary cementing has<br />

become very expensive and casing attachments can provide<br />

inexpensive insurance for a perfect bond. The primary<br />

cementing equipment should be closely monitored to achieve<br />

a good primary cement job and eliminate the need for a<br />

secondary cementing operation. Effective proper placement<br />

is as important as the correct product selection. The main<br />

objective for using this equipment is:<br />

• A need to get tubulars to target depth (TD) of a<br />

well design.<br />

• Help achieve optimum circulation and zonal isolation.<br />

• Help reduce chances of differential sticking.<br />

<strong>Halliburton</strong> has supplier agreements with several top rated<br />

casing attachment manufacturers. To offer customers a wide<br />

selection of centralizer options and designs, <strong>Halliburton</strong> is<br />

also a distributor and supplier of the following<br />

manufacturer's product lines:<br />

• Centek<br />

• Antelope<br />

• Casewell<br />

• Ray Oil Tool<br />

• Downhole Products<br />

Products offered through <strong>Halliburton</strong> from these<br />

manufacturers provide options for all types of well designs<br />

from shallow land wells to the deepest offshore extendedreach<br />

horizontal wells. Size combinations are available on<br />

request and custom built; special-order items can be quoted<br />

as needed. Contact a local <strong>Halliburton</strong> sales representative<br />

for additional information.<br />

Casing Attachments<br />

This section contains information about the following casing<br />

attachments:<br />

• Centralizers:<br />

– Provide uniform annular clearance and reduce drag<br />

when running casing.<br />

• Stop collars:<br />

– Secures placement and limits travel on attachments to<br />

casing string.<br />

• Scratchers and wipers:<br />

– Remove mudcake on the wellbore.<br />

• Cement baskets:<br />

– Helps support cement in the annulus.<br />

© 2013 <strong>Halliburton</strong>. All Rights Reserved.<br />

Casing Attachments 11-2


<strong>Halliburton</strong> Protech CRB ® and Protech DRB ® Composite Systems<br />

<strong>Halliburton</strong> Protech CRB® and Protech DRB® composite<br />

systems consisting of a ceramic composite compound and a<br />

unique bonding process, licensed to <strong>Halliburton</strong> from Eni<br />

S.p.A.*, is a new innovative technology that can help<br />

significantly enhance well design versatility while<br />

potentially decreasing associated risks and overall project<br />

cost. <strong>Halliburton</strong> Protech products are currently provided<br />

through three facilities located in Ravenna, Italy; Aberdeen,<br />

Scotland; and Houston, Texas.<br />

<strong>Halliburton</strong> Protech CRB (Casing Resin Blend) and<br />

Protech DRB (Drillpipe Resin Blend) materials can be used<br />

for many applications:<br />

• Casing centralization including slim hole and deviated<br />

wellbore applications.<br />

• Drillpipe wear protection<br />

• Stop collars<br />

• Wear bands<br />

• Deflection wedges<br />

• Cutting bed cleaners<br />

• Screen protection devices<br />

• General friction reduction applications<br />

<strong>Halliburton</strong> Protech CRB ® Centralizers<br />

The <strong>Halliburton</strong><br />

Protech CRB<br />

centralizer is solidtype<br />

centralizer<br />

mechanically<br />

formed and<br />

chemically bonded<br />

directly to the<br />

customer’s tubular<br />

Protech CRB® Centralizer<br />

pipe surface. The<br />

proprietary bonding process uses a composite resin<br />

composite material. The customer has the option to choose<br />

any size, shape, or location of the composite blades or<br />

products to their casing or drillpipe.<br />

HAL24955<br />

*Eni S.p.A. (“Eni”) is the owner of Patent Applications and Patents<br />

regarding the technologies of the process of centralization of CTG<br />

utilizing composite ceramic centralizers. <strong>Halliburton</strong> is the exclusive<br />

licensee world wide regarding the technologies of the<br />

aforementioned process.<br />

Features<br />

• Non-API rated<br />

• Ceramic composite material molded onto<br />

customer's casing.<br />

• Designed to fit specific well applications.<br />

• Can be installed on any grade of pipe, including<br />

CRA alloys.<br />

• Unique bonding process helps ensure a strong mechanical<br />

bond.<br />

• Provides centralization option for close tolerance<br />

wellbores.<br />

• Provides smooth, uninterrupted flow during circulation<br />

attributed to the absence of any banded product placed<br />

around the casing.<br />

• Composite material exhibits extreme abrasion and impact<br />

resistance.<br />

• Ideal for deviated sections of borehole as material<br />

provides a low coefficient of friction.<br />

• Field proven technology.<br />

• Material is CO 2 and H 2 S resistant.<br />

• A high thermal degradation temperature and excellent<br />

impact resistance at -25°F.<br />

• Composite centralizers successfully used in both<br />

conventional and slim profile wells.<br />

• Helps enable homogeneous cement slurry distribution.<br />

• Product applications are usually performed in a pipe yard<br />

where customer's pipe is stored. Field location<br />

installations are available.<br />

Process<br />

Protech CRB and Protech DRB centralizers are<br />

recommended to be applied in one of <strong>Halliburton</strong>’s<br />

environmentally controlled mass installation facilities, but<br />

can also be installed in customer's pipe yard, or on location<br />

if prearranged.<br />

11-3 Casing Attachments


Step 1—to prepare the pipe, special high-tech sand-blasting<br />

techniques are performed to the blade area.<br />

Step 6—the blade material is prepared using a precision<br />

blending and mixing unit.<br />

Step 2—sandblasting is performed to achieve a near-white<br />

metal finish to ensure a rough profile to allow the carbon<br />

fiber ceramic blend to bond to the micro peaks and valleys in<br />

the pipe's surface.<br />

Step 7—the blade material is injected into molds using a<br />

controlled process for a solid fill of the blade mold cavity.<br />

Step 3—the roughness is checked with pressure applied<br />

roughness test strips.<br />

Step 8—after installation, the blades are allowed to cure and<br />

final inspection for material quality control is performed.<br />

Step 4—the test paper is then measured for proper pipe and/<br />

or profile and is correct per specification.<br />

Step 9—final check of OD measurements are performed<br />

before being ready for shipment.<br />

Step 5—injection molds are produced according to the<br />

computer-designed centralizer profile and installed with<br />

special double-sided, pressure-sensitive tape during<br />

application.<br />

Step 10—the final process of protective packaging devices are<br />

installed to prepare pipe for delivery to customers.<br />

Casing Attachments 11-4


Centek Centralizers<br />

Centralizers are manufactured in the UK (England) and in<br />

the USA (Oklahoma) by Centek Ltd and Centek Inc.,<br />

respectively. <strong>Halliburton</strong>, as a non-exclusive distributor by<br />

agreement, yet holds exclusivity in numerous regions, sells,<br />

and markets, as is required. This integral one-piece bow<br />

spring centralizer is a high-end centralization product. The<br />

centralizers are built to gauge to offer easier, RIH,<br />

maximize standoff, and maximize the cement job. The<br />

UROS range of centralizers are built mostly for passing<br />

through close tolerance situations and then opening back<br />

up into under reamed holed sections, or washed out<br />

sections, while still providing quality stand-off<br />

performance. Bow spring sections are based on a straight<br />

bladed principle, but are curved in both axial and<br />

tangential directions. This cross curvature conforms to the<br />

borehole wall, while the axial curvature changes<br />

proportionally as it encounters different loads. As the loads<br />

increase, the surface contact area also increases, reducing<br />

the load per square unit of area. This helps avoid<br />

compression and shear failure of the formation surface.<br />

Centek S2 Slip-on Centralizer<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—API Specification 10D and NQA 9001-2008.<br />

• Design features<br />

– Smooth bow profile overall<br />

– Non-welded<br />

– Made to gauge<br />

– Integral bow design for increased strength and<br />

performance.<br />

– Zero weak points, such as hinges, welds, or<br />

mechanical interlocks.<br />

– Flexible to absorb both axial and radial loading.<br />

– Powder coated red finish<br />

• Performance<br />

– Zero start and running force with exceptional<br />

restoring force.<br />

– Improved flow by area and improved pipe rotation.<br />

– Low torque and low drag units.<br />

– Improved zonal isolation<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most well applications and geometries for<br />

vertical, horizontal ERD, close tolerance, or under<br />

reamed well conditions.<br />

– The UROS units are recommended where tight<br />

restrictions through previous set casing are<br />

encountered; also recommended when increased<br />

structural integrity is required.<br />

– Specialized in centralization for under reamed hole<br />

sections.<br />

• Recommended to be run between limit clamps<br />

• Sizes available—2 7/8 to 20 in.; custom sizes available.<br />

• Minimum hole size—2 7/8 in. (4 in.) hole.<br />

• Maximum hole size—20 in. (26 in.) hole.<br />

Centek Model S2<br />

Centralizer<br />

HAL24954<br />

Centek S2 Centralizers<br />

Installed between Two Centek<br />

Limit Clamps<br />

11-5 Casing Attachments


Centek UROS (Under Reamed Offset Bows) Centralizer<br />

The Centek UROS centralizer is designed for drag reduction<br />

on initial insertion and reduced accumulative loads on<br />

restarting and running forces during running in hole (RIH).<br />

The unit is designed primarily for under reamed wells. This<br />

design is also suitable for washed out sections where good<br />

centralization is still a critical requirement. The UROS<br />

centralizer shows significant reduction on initial insertion<br />

forces as well as reduced running forces through the previous<br />

set casing. Once through this compressed stage, the unit will<br />

revert to gauge, maximizing standoff with zero drag.<br />

• Casing sizes available—7 to 16 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—9 1/2 to 20 in.<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—There is no current API standard for any under<br />

reamed application; however, testing of such units are to<br />

API Specification 10D and NQA 9001-2008.<br />

• Description—typical design is of a slip-on, semi-rigid, 6-<br />

bow centralizer, with two offset placements of three<br />

alternating opposite end offset bows, whereas only three<br />

larger nominal OD end bows enter the restriction at one<br />

time. Then, as the centralizer continues to enter into the<br />

restriction at midpoint, the other three opposing offset<br />

bows now enter the restriction.<br />

• Performance—smooth bow profile overall, non-weld<br />

integral bow design for increased strength and<br />

performance. A robust, ultra-high-strength, one-piece<br />

construction centralizer with no weak points, such as<br />

hinges or mechanical interlocks. Flexible to absorb both<br />

axial and radial loading.<br />

– Designed to easily pass through previously set casings.<br />

– Engineered for tight clearance/close tolerance<br />

applications.<br />

– Ideal for under reamed holes sections.<br />

– Offers lower starting forces when entering restrictions.<br />

– Gives adequate restoring force to support the casing.<br />

– Helps with well cleanout and circulation.<br />

– Reduces risk of differential sticking.<br />

Centek UROS Centralizer<br />

Casing Attachments 11-6


Centek Stop Collars<br />

A key element of the Centek stop collar is its high axial load<br />

capability. All Centek stop collars are heat treated to<br />

improve tensile strength, especially in the critical internal<br />

thread area. This is combined with high tensile set screws<br />

of a specific thread pitch to match the low profile<br />

characteristics of the product. Thus, when tightened to 35<br />

lb/ft, the Centek stop collars provide a vastly superior axial<br />

holding force when compared to other stop collars. With<br />

these properties and the correct make-up, the stripping of<br />

threads has been eliminated.<br />

Centek stop collar<br />

Applications<br />

• Used in all types of well designs.<br />

• Sizes available—2 7/8 to 20 in. (custom sizes available).<br />

Benefits<br />

• High axial load capability<br />

• Special use high-tensile holding force set screws.<br />

• Large contact surface area<br />

• Heat treated, eliminates internal thread stripping.<br />

Options<br />

• Available with stainless steel set screws.<br />

• Available in heavy-duty style with extended length and<br />

two rows of set screws.<br />

Centek heavy-duty stop collar<br />

(Top) Centek Stop Collar; (Bottom) Centek Heavy-duty Stop Collar<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—tested in accordance to API<br />

recommendations.<br />

• Design appearance—one-piece slip-on type with set<br />

screws. Non-welded design. Manufactured from highgrade,<br />

heat-treated steel. Centek stop collars have a<br />

high quality powder coated finish.<br />

• Performance—offers extremely high holding<br />

performance to Centek Centralizers.<br />

11-7 Casing Attachments


Antelope Oil Tools<br />

Antelope, with headquarters in Mineral Wells, Texas,<br />

currently manufactures more than 800 different material<br />

numbers, including products that are available to meet API<br />

Specification 10D. Antelope holds certification in ISO<br />

9001:2008 for quality management in the design and<br />

manufacture of casing centralizers and related accessories for<br />

the energy industry. Antelope is licensed by the American<br />

Petroleum Institute and has a “certificate of authority to use<br />

the official API monogram” on their API-certified products.<br />

Antelope Oil Tools Production Facility<br />

Antelope Oil Tools Production Center Aisle<br />

© 2013 Antelope. Photographs are the property of Antelope Oil Tools and<br />

used with permission by <strong>Halliburton</strong>.<br />

Bow Type Centralizer Classifications and<br />

Embodiments<br />

• API centralizers:<br />

– Meet or exceed API Specification 10D.<br />

– Are tested and monogrammed.<br />

– Meet starting-running-restoring force criteria as per<br />

API requirements.<br />

– Offer optimum performance.<br />

• Non-API centralizers:<br />

– Developed for customer preference and economics<br />

(less expensive).<br />

– Used when API specs are not required (not as rigid<br />

as API).<br />

– When hole conditions do not allow API specification<br />

centralizers to be run because of non-flexibility issues.<br />

– Wider range of size combinations.<br />

– Built to aid within tight restrictions of a casing string<br />

design.<br />

– Manufactured with the same structural materials and<br />

machinery as API centralizers.<br />

– Testing records are not required to be maintained.<br />

• Hinged centralizers:<br />

– Allow for easy installation around casing coupling or<br />

stop collar.<br />

– More adaptable to casing strings with upsets.<br />

– Have a rugged interlocking collar design.<br />

– Can take up less space on location or the rig floor.<br />

• Non-hinged centralizers (slip on):<br />

– Are stronger and have enhanced mechanical integrity.<br />

– Used in close tolerance applications.<br />

– Cannot be run over casing collars or pipe upsets—must<br />

use limit clamps or set screws.<br />

– Better suited for pipe rotation.<br />

– Shipping cost are higher because of nesting package<br />

limitations.<br />

• Set screws:<br />

– Used for securing and limiting travel of centralizers and<br />

attachments to casing.<br />

– Used when centralizers cannot be installed around a<br />

casing collar.<br />

Casing Attachments 11-8


– Used when casing is flush joint or non-collared.<br />

– Can be installed on most centralizers as an option.<br />

– Should only be installed on leading collar (bottom) of<br />

centralizer.<br />

– Centralizers with set screws limit the ability of the<br />

centralizer to be “pulled” in both directions.<br />

– Eliminate the use of limit clamps.<br />

• Turbo fins:<br />

– Help create added turbulence in an annulus section.<br />

– Can be added to most bow type centralizers.<br />

– Aid cement distribution around the casing.<br />

– Can help achieve an annular cement seal around the<br />

centralizer point of installation.<br />

Canvass Basket Assembly<br />

Bow Spring Centralizers<br />

Bow spring centralizers help center the casing in the<br />

wellbore during cementing operations, allowing the cement<br />

to be evenly distributed around the casing string. The<br />

degree to which the casing is centered (standoff) depends<br />

on the performance of the centralizer and the spacing<br />

between the centralizers installed on the casing OD.<br />

Hinged Welded Standard Bow Spring<br />

Centralizers<br />

AOT Series 500<br />

AOT Series 507 (with Turbo Fins)<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—non-API<br />

• Design appearance—hinged design with smooth<br />

continuous bow profile.<br />

• Performance—usually less restoring force than API<br />

and minimum starting force.<br />

• Applications—used in most types of well designs and<br />

wells with less stringent well design requirements.<br />

• Sizes available—2 3/8 to 30 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—6 1/4 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—36 in.<br />

Bow Type Centralizers<br />

© 2013 Antelope. Photographs are the property of Antelope Oil Tools<br />

and used with permission by <strong>Halliburton</strong>.<br />

11-9 Casing Attachments


Slip-On Welded Standard Bow Spring<br />

Centralizers<br />

AOT Series 510<br />

AOT Series 511 (with set screws)<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—non-API<br />

• Design appearance—smooth continuous bow profile and<br />

lack of hinged collar.<br />

• Performance—usually less restoring force than API and<br />

minimum starting force.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs and wells with less<br />

stringent well design requirements.<br />

– When increased structural integrity is required.<br />

– Used in close tolerance well designs.<br />

• Sizes available—2 3/8 to 30 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—6 1/4 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—36 in.<br />

Series 500<br />

Series 507<br />

Series 510<br />

Casing Attachments 11-10


Hinged Gravel Pack and Drillpipe Welded<br />

Bow Spring Centralizers<br />

AOT Series 530—has smaller OD capability and is shorter in<br />

overall length.<br />

AOT Series 540—has larger OD capability and is longer in<br />

overall length.<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—non-API<br />

• Design appearance —hinged design with excessive<br />

pronounced bow profile.<br />

• Performance—usually less restoring force than API<br />

rated series and minimum starting force. Longer bow<br />

profile allows centralizers to be pulled into restrictions<br />

and into larger under reamed openhole.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs.<br />

– Centralizing drillpipe on stab-in type cement jobs.<br />

– Used in under reamed holes<br />

– Gravel packing operations<br />

• Sizes available—2 3/8 in. to 18 5/8 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—8 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—28 in.<br />

Series 530<br />

Hinged Welded Standard Spiral Bow Spring<br />

Centralizers<br />

AOT Series 56X (X denotes L = LH or R = RH)<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—non-API. Some sizes meet or exceed API<br />

Specification 10D.<br />

• Design appearance—hinged design with smooth spiral<br />

bow profile with LH or RH deflection.<br />

• Performance—acceptable restoring force achieved and<br />

minimum starting force.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs and wells with less<br />

stringent well design requirements.<br />

– Smooth running capabilities<br />

– Less susceptible to tracking key seats.<br />

– Recommended for minor restrictions<br />

• Sizes available—1/2 to 13 5/8 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—6 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—16 in.<br />

Series 56L<br />

Series 540<br />

Series 56R<br />

11-11 Casing Attachments


Slip-On Close Tolerance Welded Bow<br />

Spring Centralizers<br />

AOT Series 611<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—non-API<br />

• Design appearance—smooth continuous bow profile and<br />

lack of hinged collar; has set screws in one end; bows are<br />

inset into collar to allow minimum positive OD.<br />

• Performance—usually less restoring force than APIrated<br />

series and a minimum starting force.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in close tolerance well applications.<br />

– Recommended where tight restrictions occur.<br />

– Attaches to casing with use of set screws.<br />

– Set screws must be installed on lower collar to allow<br />

centralizer to be pulled into hole.<br />

• Sizes available—3 1/2 to 16 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—4 3/4 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—17 1/2 in.<br />

Hinged Welded Imperial Bow Spring<br />

Centralizers<br />

AOT Series 700<br />

AOT Series 707 (with Turbo Fins)<br />

AOT Series 709 (with Turbo Fins and Set Screws)<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—API spec<br />

• Design appearance—more aggressive bow profile on<br />

each end and has hinged collar.<br />

• Performance—usually high restoring force and a<br />

minimum starting force.<br />

Series 611 Series 700<br />

Series 707 Series 710<br />

Casing Attachments 11-12


• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs.<br />

– Recommended for deviated and directional well<br />

designs.<br />

• Sizes available—2 3/8 to 30 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—4 3/4 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—42 in.<br />

Slip-On Welded Imperial Bow Spring<br />

Centralizers<br />

AOT Series 710<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—API spec<br />

• Design appearance—more aggressive bow profile on<br />

each end and lack of hinge present.<br />

• Performance—usually high restoring force and a<br />

minimum starting force.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs.<br />

– Recommended for deviated and directional well<br />

designs.<br />

• Sizes available—4 1/2 to 30 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—6 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—36 in.<br />

• Sizes available—2 7/8 to 20 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—5 1/2 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—26 in.<br />

Hinged Non-Welded Imperial Bow Spring<br />

Centralizers<br />

AOT Series 800<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—API spec<br />

• Design appearance—more aggressive bow profile on<br />

each end with mechanically fastened bows.<br />

• Performance—usually high restoring forces and<br />

minimum starting force.<br />

• Applications—used in most types of well designs.<br />

• Sizes available—4 1/2 to 20 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—6 1/4 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—26 in.<br />

Hinged Welded Dual Contact Bow Spring<br />

Centralizers<br />

AOT Series 780, AOT Series 780C<br />

(Designed and tested to run over a casing collar)<br />

Series 780<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—API spec<br />

• Design appearance—hinged design with a dual<br />

contour bow profile.<br />

• Performance—achieves the highest restoring forces<br />

and usually zero to minimum starting force.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs.<br />

– Most suited for horizontal and directional well<br />

designs.<br />

Series 800<br />

11-13 Casing Attachments


Hinged Spiral Welded Bow Spring Tubing<br />

Centralizers<br />

AOT Series 96X (X denotes L = LH or R = RH)<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—non-API<br />

• Design appearance—apparent<br />

smaller pipe size with spiral bow<br />

with hinges not on the same hinge<br />

opening plane<br />

• Performance—acceptable<br />

restoring force achieved and<br />

minimum starting force.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well<br />

designs, completions and, recompletions<br />

– Recommended for multiple pipe<br />

strings—use RH and LH to run<br />

dual strings and run RH, LH, and<br />

alternate third string LH-RH for<br />

triple string applications.<br />

• Sizes available—2 3/8 to 5 1/2 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—5 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—8 1/2 in. for single string; custom<br />

combination sizes available for multi-string<br />

combinations<br />

HAL24970<br />

Series 96R<br />

Inter-Casing Centralizer<br />

Sub (ICCS)<br />

<strong>Halliburton</strong> has developed an inter-casing centralizer sub<br />

(ICCS) that can be run as an integral part of almost any casing<br />

string. Bow spring and rigid versions can be supplied in almost<br />

any casing size, grade, or thread and for use in the most<br />

challenging wellbore configurations. The three slim wedge lock<br />

limit clamps enable this assembly to be run into wellbores with<br />

small annular space. The slim wedge lock and retaining slot<br />

were designed using FEA. The ICCS maintains the centralizer<br />

performance in the openhole section required by API<br />

Specification 10D for bow spring centralization. The bow<br />

spring centralizer sub can pass through annular spaces below<br />

3/8 in. per side without compromising centralizer performance<br />

in under reamed hole sections.<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—API spec on bow type<br />

designs.<br />

• Design appearance—integral<br />

sub that is a part of the casing<br />

string; Centralizer floats<br />

between three slim wedge lock<br />

limit rings. Available with the<br />

following centralizer designs:<br />

– Straight bow<br />

– Spiral bow<br />

– Solid vane<br />

• Performance—provides positive<br />

casing standoff in open hole<br />

when having to pass through<br />

tight restrictions in previous set<br />

pipes.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well<br />

designs.<br />

– Suited for horizontal,<br />

directional, and tight<br />

restriction well designs.<br />

– Designed for use in under<br />

reamed hole sections.<br />

• Sizes available—after an engineering review, all tools are<br />

custom built to fit any size combination of casing thread,<br />

grade, and weight range.<br />

• Minimum hole size—5 5/8 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—28 in.<br />

HAL24978<br />

ICCS with Spiral<br />

Bow Centralizer<br />

Casing Attachments 11-14


Isolizer Centralizer<br />

An AOT Custom “Built-for-Purpose” Series Centralizer with<br />

Protech CRB® (composite resin blend) Limit Bands<br />

The Isolizer centralizer is an alternative solution to<br />

centralizer subs for tight-tolerance applications. Unlike<br />

conventional centralizer subs that can only be placed<br />

between joints, the Isolizer centralizer provides the<br />

flexibility of placement at any point on the casing string.<br />

This design helps increase both safety and efficiency by<br />

eliminating the need for additional connections made on<br />

the rig floor.<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—tested in accordance to API<br />

recommendations.<br />

• Description—the Isolizer centralizer is a slip-on, tighttolerance,<br />

carbon-steel bow spring centralizer<br />

integrated with composite-resin-blend stop collars. It<br />

has an industry-unique design with windowed end<br />

rings through which composite-resin-blend blades are<br />

adhered to the casing with allowance for the<br />

compression of the bow springs. The stop collar can be<br />

inside the end rings to allow the Isolizer centralizer to<br />

rotate while being pulled in through the lead inner<br />

ring, reducing starting and running forces.<br />

• Performance—a custom built centralizer with<br />

outstanding holding force limiting devices. The stop<br />

collars are chemically bonded directly to an abraded<br />

surface of the casing joint with field-proven adhesionbond<br />

values so high that the stop collar is essentially<br />

integral to the casing. This design helps reduce the<br />

running forces by pulling the centralizer through tight<br />

tolerance sections, rather than pushing it through with<br />

the upper end ring.<br />

Applications<br />

• Designed for lean-profile drilling applications where<br />

centralizers are required to pass through close-/tighttolerance<br />

sections with powerful restoring force to<br />

centralize casing in under reamed hole sections.<br />

• Meets most deep water well construction designs and<br />

requirements.<br />

• Offers placement flexibility anywhere on the casing<br />

string and is not limited to placement between joints as<br />

with conventional centralizer subs.<br />

• Three models are available:<br />

– Rotating model—stop collars can be placed inside or<br />

outside the end rings.<br />

– Pull-in model.<br />

– Pull through versions.<br />

• Can be used in high-temperature environments greater<br />

than 350°F (177°C).<br />

Sizes available—Isolizer<br />

centralizers can be custom<br />

designed to meet unique<br />

well parameters. The<br />

Isolizer centralizer in<br />

combination with casingbonded<br />

stop collars can be<br />

mated to customer supplied<br />

casing and installed on<br />

casing in a pipe yard, a<br />

<strong>Halliburton</strong> facility, or<br />

certain field locations. This<br />

design accommodates<br />

casing to be run and<br />

wellbore OH/CH size<br />

Isolizer Centralizer<br />

parameters while reducing<br />

any wait time for grade or<br />

thread specific casing matches.<br />

11-15 Casing Attachments


Isolizer Centralizer Pull-in Model with<br />

Composite-Resin-Blend Blades Adhered<br />

Directly to the Casing through the Windows<br />

(Shown Uncompressed)<br />

(Shown Compressed)<br />

Isolizer Centralizer Pull-Through Model<br />

with Composite-Resin-Blend Blades<br />

Adhered Directly to the Casing through the<br />

Windows<br />

(Shown Uncompressed)<br />

(Shown Compressed)<br />

Isolizer Centralizer Rotating<br />

Model with Stop Collars Placed<br />

Inside the End Rings<br />

(Shown Uncompressed)<br />

(Shown Compressed)<br />

Casing Attachments 11-16


Proper Installation and Placement<br />

With proper installation and placement of casing<br />

attachments, minimal or no damage can be incurred upon<br />

them during the running pipe to bottom stages of well<br />

development.<br />

Bow Spring Centralizers<br />

Bow spring centralizers must be placed around a limiting<br />

device of either a proper style stop collar or a casing collar.<br />

This will allow the centralizer to be pulled in either<br />

direction, which allows the centralizer to pass through tight<br />

spots and doglegs of wells without having to be pushed.<br />

A centralizer being pulled can reduce in OD size without<br />

destroying its integrity and be able to pass through a<br />

restriction. Pushing a bow spring type centralizer into a<br />

wellbore can increase its OD size if the centralizer should<br />

meet with restrictions or well conditions that increase the<br />

amount of force required to push it into the well.<br />

Installing Bow Spring Centralizers<br />

Preferred Installation<br />

Note how the centralizer can be pulled in either direction. This allows<br />

the centralizer to get smaller in OD to pass through tight spots or restrictions<br />

Done only when required by design<br />

Can increase starting and running force!<br />

Note how the centralizer has to be pushed in either direction. This can cause the<br />

centralizer to enlarge in OD and be harder to pass through tight spots or restrictions<br />

11-17 Casing Attachments


Proper Selection<br />

Proper selection is the key to successful running of casing to<br />

bottom during well development.<br />

• Need to know:<br />

– Any restriction conditions existing.<br />

– OD and ID of all pipes that will be in effect.<br />

– Openhole sizes that have been drilled.<br />

A spacing program can be run to help ensure efficient<br />

standoff is achieved and to help ensure proper placement of<br />

attachments can be obtained.<br />

• Spacing programs currently available:<br />

–<strong>Halliburton</strong> iCem® service and<br />

OptiCem software system.<br />

–Landmark WELLPLAN software.<br />

Casing centralization is more dependent on proper<br />

centralizer spacing than on the strength of individual<br />

centralizers.<br />

Centralizers in Horizontal Hole<br />

Casing Centralizers Hole<br />

HAL24977<br />

Minimum Standoff<br />

“Sag Point”<br />

Centralizer Spacing<br />

Antelope Oil Tools—Forming Operation<br />

Antelope Oil Tools—Stamping Operation<br />

© 2013 Antelope. Photographs are the property of Antelope Oil Tools and used with permission by <strong>Halliburton</strong>.<br />

Casing Attachments 11-18


Proper Installation of Centralizer Hinge<br />

Pins<br />

Hinged centralizers must be installed with the correct<br />

supplied hinge pins. The pins should be bent to a state so<br />

that the pin cannot be accidentally removed during<br />

running in the hole operations.<br />

• A minimal 90° is recommended.<br />

• 180° is more desirable for safety considerations.<br />

• The pin, once bent, should be pushed flush with the<br />

casing and hit with a hammer to help ensure the pin<br />

does not swivel away from the centralizer collar or<br />

protrude outward.<br />

Antelope Oil Tools—Horn Press Operation<br />

HAL24976<br />

SAP<br />

Part No.<br />

Antelope Oil Tools—Drilling/Tapping Operation<br />

AOT<br />

Part No.<br />

Hinge Pin Nail Selection<br />

Size Length, in. Series Collars and Centralizers<br />

424088 8310-020-0000 20 D Common 4 800 For use on non-weld centralizers<br />

101278927 8305-176-0600 7 ga 6 400, 500 and 700 For use on centralizers with 4-in. long end collars<br />

96161 8310-030-0000 30 D Common 4 1/2 400, 500 and 700 For use on centralizers with 3-in. long end collars<br />

© 2013 Antelope. Photographs are the property of Antelope Oil Tools and used with permission by <strong>Halliburton</strong>.<br />

11-19 Casing Attachments


Rigid Centralizers<br />

Rigid centralizers help positively center the casing in the<br />

wellbore during cementing operations, allowing the cement<br />

to be evenly distributed around the casing string. These<br />

centralizers are well-suited for horizontal and highly deviated<br />

wellbore designs. They work well for helping center casing in<br />

previous cemented casings and can be used to help align<br />

casings through wellheads near surface. Rigid centralizers are<br />

not governed by API specifications.<br />

Standard OD is 1/4 in. below hole size, through 17 1/2 in.<br />

hole. Then, 1/2 to 1 in. above 17 1/2-in. hole.<br />

Spiral vs. Straight Bar<br />

• Spiral bars have better stand off capabilities.<br />

• Spiral bars can enhance annular turbulence.<br />

• Straight bars are more prone to dig in soft formations.<br />

• Spiral bars are less economical.<br />

• Spiral direction preference.<br />

– If attached to casing with set screws, right-hand design<br />

might have tendency to embed itself into the wellbore<br />

with pipe rotation.<br />

– Left-hand spirals are more widely used.<br />

– Left-hand spiral helps increase turbulence when<br />

running in the hole if casing is rotated during lowering.<br />

Is it a left or right hand spiral?<br />

Is it a Left Hand or Right Hand Spiral?<br />

• Looking straight on at a centralizer, standing upright, in its running position:<br />

• Looking straight on at a centralizer, standing upright, in its<br />

• Focus running on the position bottom of the blade or bow.<br />

• Follow Focus it to on the the top of the blade of or the bow. blade or bow<br />

• Follow it to the top of the blade or bow<br />

• centralizer. If the top of the blade or bow shift to the right at the top of the<br />

blade or bow, this is a RH spiral centralizer<br />

•<br />

centralizer.<br />

If the top of the blade or bow shift to the left at the top of the<br />

blade or bow, this is a LH spiral centralizer<br />

• If the top of the blade or bow shift to the right at the top of the blade or bow, this is a RH spiral<br />

• If the top of the blade or bow shift to the left at the top of the blade or bow, this is a LH spiral<br />

LH<br />

RH<br />

Note: Turning Turning a spiral a spiral centralizer centralizer upside upside down does down not does change not its<br />

change its spiral orientation spiral orientation.<br />

LH<br />

RH<br />

Casing Attachments 11-20


Hinged Positive Bar Centralizers<br />

Hinged Positive Bar Welded<br />

Centralizers<br />

AOT Series 400<br />

AOT Series 401 (with Set Screws)<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—not governed by API.<br />

• Design appearance—hinged design with positive steel<br />

bars welded to hinged end collars.<br />

• Performance—provides positive casing standoff.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs.<br />

– Most suited for horizontal and directional well<br />

designs; favorable in cased hole situations.<br />

– NOT to be run around a coupling or stop collar.<br />

– Recommended to run between two 212-series stop<br />

collars or one stop collar and casing coupling.<br />

– On some special designs, it is possible to use a special<br />

limit clamp underneath this type of centralizer.<br />

• Sizes available—2 3/8 to 24 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—6 1/4 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—30 in.<br />

Hinged Positive Bar Non Welded Centralizers<br />

AOT Series 805<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—not governed by API.<br />

• Design appearance—hinged design with positive steel<br />

bars mechanically attached to hinged end collars.<br />

• Performance—provides positive casing standoff.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs.<br />

– Most suited for horizontal and directional well<br />

designs; favorable in cased hole situations.<br />

– NOT to be run around a coupling or stop collar.<br />

– Recommended to run between two 212-series stop<br />

collars or one stop collar and casing coupling.<br />

– On some special designs, it is possible to use a special<br />

limit clamp underneath this type of centralizer.<br />

• Sizes available—4 1/2 to 30 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—7 7/8 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—36 in.<br />

Series 401 Series 805<br />

11-21 Casing Attachments


Slip-on Liner Band Centralizers<br />

Slip-on LH Spiral Band Centralizers<br />

AOT Series 490<br />

• Rating—not governed by API.<br />

• Design appearance—one solid piece design. Features<br />

pressed embossed flutes on a solid 5-in. tall body.<br />

• Performance—provides positive casing standoff.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used on liner jobs<br />

– Reduces friction when running casing attributed to<br />

smooth profile of flutes.<br />

– Most suited for horizontal and directional well designs.<br />

– Favorable in cased hole situations.<br />

– Recommended to be run between 212 stop collar(s) or<br />

coupling.<br />

– Recommend running all rigids between stop collars to<br />

allow centralizer to function as a bearing and to reduce<br />

torque.<br />

• Sizes available—4 1/2 to 10 3/4 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—5 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—2 1/4 in.<br />

• Maximum flute height—1/2 in.<br />

Slip-on Welded Blade Centralizers<br />

Slip-on Spiral Blade Centralizers<br />

AOT Series 46X and 47X<br />

46X is without Set Screws<br />

47X is with Set Screws<br />

X = L for Left Hand or R for Right Hand Spiral<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—not governed by API<br />

• Design appearance—one solid piece design; features<br />

spiral steel bars welded to solid 5-in. tall body.<br />

• Performance—provides positive casing standoff<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs.<br />

– Most suited for horizontal and directional well designs;<br />

favorable in cased hole situations.<br />

– Recommended to run between two 212-series stop<br />

collars or one stop collar and casing coupling.<br />

– Recommend running all rigids between stop collars to<br />

allow centralizer to function as a bearing and to reduce<br />

torque.<br />

• Sizes available—4 1/2 to 20 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—5 5/8 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—28 in.<br />

Series 490<br />

HAL24948<br />

Series 47L<br />

Casing Attachments 11-22


Slip-on Straight Blade Centralizers<br />

AOT Series 413 and 414<br />

413 is without Set Screws<br />

414 is with Set Screws<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—not governed by API.<br />

• Design appearance—one solid piece design; features<br />

straight steel bars welded to solid 5-in. tall body.<br />

• Performance—provides positive casing standoff.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs.<br />

– Most suited for horizontal and directional well<br />

designs; favorable in cased hole situations.<br />

– Recommended to run between two 212-series stop<br />

collars or one stop collar and casing coupling.<br />

– Recommend running all rigids between stop collars to<br />

allow centralizer to function as a bearing and to<br />

reduce torque.<br />

• Sizes available—4 1/2 to 20 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—5 5/8 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—28 in.<br />

Series 413<br />

11-23 Casing Attachments


Rigid Slip-on Rotating Liner Centralizers<br />

AOT Series 420, 422, 422C<br />

420 is straight blade<br />

422 is spiral design<br />

422C is spiral design with 212 limit clamp built in between end<br />

rings<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—not governed by API.<br />

• Design appearance—one solid piece design; features<br />

straight or spiral steel bars welded to solid 10-in. slip-on<br />

end collars.<br />

• Performance—provides positive casing stand off.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs.<br />

– Most suited for horizontal and directional well designs;<br />

favorable in cased hole situations.<br />

– Most suited for liner band applications.<br />

– Recommended to run between two 212-series stop<br />

collars or one stop collar and casing coupling.<br />

– Recommend running all rigids between stop collars to<br />

allow centralizer to function as a bearing and to reduce<br />

torque.<br />

• Sizes available<br />

– 420-series—4 1/2 to 20 in.<br />

– 422-series—2 7/8 to 16 in.<br />

• Minimum/maximum hole size<br />

– 420-series—5 3/4 to 26 in.<br />

– 422-series—4 3/4 to 22 in.<br />

Series 420<br />

Series 422<br />

Series 422C<br />

Antelope Oil Tools—788 Robotic Cell<br />

Antelope Oil Tools—Manual Welding Process<br />

© 2013 Antelope. Photographs are the property of Antelope Oil Tools and used with permission by <strong>Halliburton</strong>.<br />

Casing Attachments 11-24


Limit Clamps/Stop Collars<br />

Stop collars and limit clamps keep centralizers and other<br />

casing attachments in place on the casing string and are<br />

available in hinged and slip-on styles for 2 3/8- through 30-<br />

in. casing sizes.<br />

In Specification 10D, Appendix B, API makes reference to<br />

only recommended testing procedures on stop collars. API<br />

does not make recommendation with regards to a<br />

minimum holding force value per pipe size or to the stop<br />

collar type. A valued point is that the stop collar should<br />

always have a stronger holding force than starting force.<br />

Consideration should be given on selection of stop collars<br />

regarding the type of holding device it has and the grade<br />

hardness of steel casing.<br />

Friction Style Stop Collar Clamp<br />

AOT Series 200<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—tested in accordance to API<br />

recommendations.<br />

• Design appearance—hinged design that attaches to<br />

casing by tightening a draw bolt with Allen head<br />

design.<br />

• Performance—easy installation; provides suitable<br />

holding force for most applications.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs.<br />

– Must have adequate annular clearance because of<br />

positive OD.<br />

– Can be used in cased and openhole environments.<br />

– Can be used with most hinged bow centralizers.<br />

– Not recommended for cement baskets and close<br />

tolerance applications.<br />

• Sizes available—2 3/8 to 24 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—recommended minimum<br />

clearance between casing and annular clearance is<br />

1 1/2 in.<br />

Hinged Set Screw Stop Collar<br />

AOT Series 202<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—tested in accordance to API<br />

recommendations.<br />

• Design appearance—hinged design that attaches to<br />

casing by tightening set screws around the collar<br />

circumference.<br />

• Performance—easy installation; provides suitable<br />

holding force for most applications.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs.<br />

– Must have adequate annular clearance because of<br />

positive OD.<br />

– Can be used in cased and openhole environments.<br />

– Can be used with most hinged bow centralizers.<br />

– Not recommended for cement baskets and close<br />

tolerance applications.<br />

• Sizes available—2 3/8 to 30 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—recommended minimum<br />

clearance between casing and annular clearance is 1 1/4<br />

in.<br />

Series 200<br />

Series 202<br />

11-25 Casing Attachments


Fasgrip Stop Collar with Dogs<br />

AOT Series 204<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—tested in accordance to API recommendations.<br />

• Design appearance—hinged design with case hardened<br />

inserts embedded in collar ID to provide maximum<br />

holding resistance; attaches to casing by tightening a<br />

draw bolt with Allen head design.<br />

• Performance—easy installation; provides maximum<br />

holding force for most applications.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs.<br />

– Must have adequate annular clearance because of<br />

positive OD.<br />

– Can be used in cased and openhole environments.<br />

– Can be used with most hinged bow centralizers.<br />

– Not recommended for cement baskets and close<br />

tolerance applications.<br />

• Sizes available—2 7/8 to 20 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—recommended minimum clearance<br />

between casing and annular clearance is 1 1/2 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size<br />

– Recommended minimum clearance between casing and<br />

annular clearance is 1 1/8 in.<br />

– Custom applications can be available to fit tighter<br />

clearance restrictions.<br />

– Available with one side beveled for passing tight<br />

restrictions.<br />

Series 204<br />

Slip-on Stop Collar with Set Screws<br />

AOT Series 212<br />

AOT Series 222 = one side beveled<br />

Series 212<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—tested in accordance to API recommendations.<br />

• Design appearance—slip-on design that attaches to<br />

casing by tightening set screws around collar<br />

circumference.<br />

• Performance—easy installation with Allen wrench;<br />

provides suitable holding force for most applications.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Primarily used in close tolerance applications.<br />

– Used in most types of well designs.<br />

– Can be used in cased and openhole environments.<br />

– Can be used with most bow centralizers.<br />

– Can be used with most slip-on positive bar centralizers.<br />

– Recommended for cement baskets and close tolerance<br />

applications.<br />

• Sizes available—2 3/8 to 20 in.<br />

Casing Attachments 11-26


Close Tolerance Press Fit Stop Collar<br />

(PFSC)<br />

AOT Series SP-21PF<br />

The Close Tolerance Press Fit Stop Collar (PFSC) is a new<br />

stop collar that addresses the need for tight clearance and<br />

close tolerance applications when passing casing<br />

attachments through severe restrictions. This new<br />

technology offers a unique design consisting of three slipon<br />

components, which, after assembly, provide outstanding<br />

holding force compared to conventional stop collars.<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—tested in accordance to API<br />

recommendations.<br />

• Description—comprises three components: (1) collet<br />

base with fingers (curved plates) that is axially split to<br />

conform to the curvature of the tubular and (2) sleeves.<br />

A hydraulic installation tool is required to assemble the<br />

components whereby the sleeves are pressed/forced on<br />

top of the fingers. The interference fit between the<br />

collet base fingers and the sleeves is engineered to<br />

provide optimum holding force.<br />

• Performance—outstanding holding force. Used when<br />

maximum holding forces are required. Stays in one<br />

piece, even when maximum holding force is exceeded.<br />

Applications<br />

• Engineered for tight clearance/close tolerance<br />

applications.<br />

• Ideal for under reamed holes sections.<br />

• Slim design allows for installation under SP-516 Series<br />

Close Tolerance Slip-on centralizer to allow for<br />

centralizer to be pulled in either direction.<br />

• Suitable for well environments up to 350°F+<br />

performance.<br />

• Compatible with all casing grades. Ideal for CRA<br />

tubulars.<br />

• Non-marking and non-scarring.<br />

• Can be located anywhere on flush casing joints.<br />

• Allows for rotation and reciprocation.<br />

• Casing running operations remain conventional with<br />

no interruptions.<br />

• Minimal pipe preparation<br />

Collet Base<br />

Fingers<br />

Sleeve<br />

PFSC Series SP21PF<br />

PFSC Series SP21PF and<br />

Recommended SP-516 Close Tolerance Centralizer<br />

11-27 Casing Attachments


Wall Scratchers and Wipers<br />

Scratchers and wipers help remove excess filter cake and<br />

gelled mud from the wellbore whenever the pipe moves. This<br />

action can provide better bonding surfaces for the cement<br />

and helps isolate one zone from another in the cemented<br />

area. Scratchers and the cable loops also act as steel<br />

reinforcement in the cement column. Scratchers also add<br />

localized turbulence during cementing operations. For best<br />

results, install reciprocating scratchers 2 to 3 ft apart between<br />

stop collars. Install reciprocating cable wipers 2 to 3 ft apart<br />

across the cementing interval. The looped cable design on<br />

the wiper helps remove excess filter cake, gelled mud, and bit<br />

cuttings from the wellbore wall for circulation out of the hole.<br />

Install the wiper by latching it around the casing, and then<br />

torque the Allen head bolt to approximately 25 to<br />

35 ft-lb. The looped cable wiper will serve as reinforcement<br />

steel in cement columns and will help clean the wellbore.<br />

During mud circulation and cementing, reciprocate the<br />

casing enough to scratch and wipe the entire zone.<br />

Hinged Wire Scratcher<br />

AOT Series 101<br />

Hinged Cable Type Reciprocating Wall<br />

Cleaner<br />

AOT Series 300<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—not governed by API.<br />

• Design appearance—has a hinged collar design that<br />

features a looped cable design.<br />

• Performance<br />

– Helps provide additional insurance for removal of<br />

excess filter cake, gelled mud, and bit cuttings from<br />

wellbore to be circulated from the hole.<br />

– Helps add more reinforcement and bonding to cement<br />

column.<br />

– Helps assist and prepare wellbore for cement job.<br />

• Applications—used in most types of well designs; for<br />

optimum results, casing string must be reciprocated.<br />

• Sizes available—2 3/8 to 20 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—recommended minimum clearance<br />

between casing and hole size is 1 1/2 to 5 1/2 in.<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—not governed by API.<br />

• Design appearance—has a hinged collar design that<br />

features upwardly inclined woven wire cable finger<br />

designs.<br />

• Performance<br />

– Helps provide additional insurance for removal of<br />

excess filter cake, gelled mud, and bit cuttings from<br />

wellbore to be circulated from the hole.<br />

– Helps add more reinforcement and bonding to cement<br />

column.<br />

– Helps assist and prepare wellbore for cement job.<br />

• Applications—used in most types of well designs; for<br />

optimum results. casing string must be reciprocated.<br />

• Sizes available—2 3/8 to 20 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—recommended minimum clearance<br />

between casing and hole size is 1 1/2 to 5 1/2 in.<br />

HAL24972<br />

HAL24960<br />

Series 101 Series 300<br />

Casing Attachments 11-28


Rotating Wipers<br />

Rotating wipers are available as a cable type design. Wipers<br />

are attached to the well casing to help remove filter cake<br />

and gelled mud from the wellbore whenever casing is<br />

rotated during cementing operations. Using today’s<br />

cementing software simulators, modeling results are<br />

showing rotation provides a better bonding environment<br />

for the cement and helps isolate one zone from another<br />

through the cemented interval. The wiper channel hugs the<br />

casing snugly and can be installed by welding to the casing<br />

or with Series 200 stop collars.<br />

Rotating Cable Wall Wipers<br />

AOT Series 333<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—not governed by API.<br />

• Design appearance—5-in. long looped cable wiper<br />

strip.<br />

• Performance—helps provide additional insurance for<br />

removal of excess filter cake, gelled mud, and bit<br />

cuttings from wellbore to be circulated from the hole.<br />

– Helps add more reenforcement and bonding to<br />

cement column.<br />

– Helps assist and prepare wellbore for cement job.<br />

– Large flow areas through and between the loops<br />

permit filter cake to pass.<br />

• Applications—used in most types of well designs; for<br />

optimum results, casing string must be rotated.<br />

• Sizes available—one size applicable to all well designs.<br />

• Minimum recommended hole size—at least 2 in. over<br />

pipe size.<br />

• Maximum effective diameter—5 1/2 in. over pipe size.<br />

Series 333 Rotating Cable Wiper<br />

Series 200 Stop Collar<br />

11-29 Casing Attachments


Cement Baskets<br />

Cement baskets are run on casing or liners above porous or<br />

weak formations that require protection from the hydrostatic<br />

pressure generated by the cement column. They can also be<br />

used to help support a cement column near the well surface<br />

while the cement sets. In stage-cementing operations, one<br />

basket is run on the joint just below the stage tool and<br />

another is run on the string above the tool. Some operators<br />

pump their first stage of cement above the lower basket and<br />

allow the cement to set while they circulate mud for the next<br />

stage. The bridge that is formed helps support the upper<br />

cement column.<br />

Metal Petal Cement Basket<br />

AOT Series 910<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—not governed by API<br />

• Design appearance—slip-on style made of high strength,<br />

flexible steel bows mounted on steel slip-on end collars<br />

with metal petals spot welded to one end of the collar.<br />

• Performance<br />

– Aids in premature cement hydration to help reduce<br />

hydrostatic fluid column above a loss zone or weak<br />

formation<br />

– Works similar in cementing applications like a coffee<br />

filter does in catching particles to form a bridge in the<br />

annulus to prevent cement from falling back<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs<br />

– May be used in cased hole and openhole applications<br />

– The metal petals are convex shape for added strength<br />

and durability and afford great adaptability to expansion<br />

and contraction. This type of construction allows for<br />

the cement basket to be rotated and reciprocated if<br />

necessary. Baskets are typically installed using a 212<br />

stop collar inside the basket. For optimum results casing<br />

string must be reciprocated.<br />

• Sizes available—2 3/8 in. to 30 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—recommended maximum<br />

clearance between casing and hole size is 1 1/2 in. to<br />

2 7/8 in.; custom applications available.<br />

Standard Canvas Cement Basket<br />

AOT Series 912<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—not governed by API.<br />

• Design appearance—slip-on style made of high strength,<br />

flexible steel staves, mounted on a steel slip-on ring with<br />

heavy duty canvas liners riveted to staves fabricated of<br />

high strength, flexible steel bows mounted on steel slipon<br />

end collars with metal petals spot welded to one end<br />

of the collar.<br />

• Performance<br />

– Aids premature cement hydration to help reduce<br />

hydrostatic fluid column above a loss zone or weak<br />

formation.<br />

– Works similar in cementing applications like a coffee<br />

filter does, catching particles to form a bridge in the<br />

annulus to prevent cement from falling back.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs.<br />

– Can be used in cased hole and openhole applications.<br />

– Basket should be allowed to travel on the joint of casing.<br />

Working casing past casing joint length will destroy the<br />

basket.<br />

• Sizes available—2 7/8 to 30 in.<br />

• Minimum hole size—recommended maximum<br />

clearance between casing and hole size is 1 1/2 to<br />

2 7/8 in.; custom applications available.<br />

HAL24968<br />

HAL24969<br />

Series 910 Series 912<br />

Casing Attachments 11-30


Casewell Drilling and Cementing Products<br />

<strong>Halliburton</strong> has used Casewell on selected projects and<br />

awarded tenders in the Eastern hemisphere. Casewell<br />

products are designed, assembled, tested, and inspected by<br />

its facility in India, which is equipped with modern<br />

machines and testing equipment, including heat treatment,<br />

state of art press shop, machine shop, paint shop, and are<br />

manufactured with rigid quality control. Quality<br />

management systems are fully practiced and adhered to as<br />

per API Specification Q1 and ISO 9001-2000.<br />

Casewell calculates the total load on centralizer at each<br />

deflection and prepares a load deflection curve using<br />

arithmetic average of force readings. This determines the<br />

restoring force specified in the API Specification10D. In<br />

addition to API testing, Casewell also performs the<br />

following test considering extreme conditions these<br />

products can encounter. Tensile stress testing on these<br />

centralizers is performed to help ensure that even a severely<br />

damaged centralizer will remain intact, rather than<br />

damaging the completion process. The compression tests<br />

are conducted to help ensure that even badly distorted<br />

centralizer bows will not fracture and leave metal<br />

fragments in the well.<br />

Offerings<br />

Non-welded Bow Spring Centralizer<br />

• Hinged non-weld bow spring centralizers.<br />

• Semi rigid non-weld bow spring centralizers.<br />

Welded Bow Spring Centralizer<br />

• Hinged welded bow spring centralizer.<br />

• Slip-on welded bow spring centralizer.<br />

• Rotating welded bow spring centralizer.<br />

The Casewell philosophy is to provide the best possible<br />

solution to any centralizing problem.<br />

Features<br />

• API certified products<br />

• Efficient management system<br />

• World-class infrastructure<br />

• High quality in production<br />

• Fully traceable QA/QC<br />

• ISO 9001, 14001, 18001 certified<br />

• Their strong and committed marketing, R&D, and<br />

operations teams continuously strive to make ever<br />

delivery on time.<br />

Slip-on, Hinged, Welded, and Non-welded Bow Spring Centralizers<br />

11-31 Casing Attachments


Rigid Positive Bow Centralizers<br />

• Hinged non-weld positive centralizer.<br />

• Slip-on positive welded spiralizer.<br />

• Heavy-duty slip-on welded spiralizer.<br />

Turbolizer Bow Spring Centralizers<br />

• Non-welded turbolizer<br />

• Welded turbolizer<br />

Solid Rigid Centralizers<br />

• Straight solid rigid centralizer<br />

• Spiral solid rigid centralizer<br />

Stop Collars<br />

• Hinged bolted stop collars.<br />

• Hinged spiral nail stop collars.<br />

• Hinged set screw stop collars.<br />

• Heavy-duty set screw stop collars.<br />

• Slip-on aluminum set screw stop collars.<br />

Rigid Positive Bow Centralizers<br />

Turbolizer and Semi Rigid Bow Spring Centralizers<br />

Solid Rigid Centralizers<br />

Stop Collars<br />

Casing Attachments 11-32


Ray Oil Tool Co. Cast Alloy Centralizers<br />

Ray Oil Tool centralizers are manufactured in Louisiana<br />

and Scotland by Ray Oil Tool Company Inc. in Broussard,<br />

Louisiana. <strong>Halliburton</strong> sells and is a provider of Ray Oil<br />

Tool Products. These solid blade centralizers are cast of a<br />

high-strength aluminum alloy, which provides high impact<br />

and shock resistance combined with high tensile and yield<br />

strength. These centralizers are also corrosion resistant.<br />

The solid centralizers are designed to slip easily over the<br />

pipe OD from the casing pin end. The centralizers should<br />

be installed between two stop rings or between a casing<br />

collar and stop ring. This method of installation allows the<br />

centralizer to move freely during running casing into the<br />

wellbore and during rotation or reciprocation of the casing<br />

during cementing operations.<br />

Solid Straight Blade Cast Alloy Centralizers<br />

Solid vane straight blade centralizers are designed to<br />

provide a fixed casing standoff, regardless of lateral load.<br />

This positive standoff helps ensure even distribution of<br />

cement around the well casing.<br />

HAL24992<br />

Solid centralizers can also be secured to the casing with set<br />

screws where it is not desirable to rotate or reciprocate the<br />

casing during cement operations.<br />

Features<br />

Straight Blade<br />

HAL31507<br />

Brand New, State-of-the-Art Drilling Rig on Construction Site in<br />

Oklahoma Ready for the Customer’s First Location<br />

• Rating—not governed by API.<br />

• Design appearance<br />

– Straight, smooth cast alloy ribs cast into solid bodies<br />

(one-piece castings).<br />

– Available with and without set screws.<br />

– Straight ribs offer 360° evenly spaced openhole<br />

coverage.<br />

• Performance<br />

– Provide positive casing standoff<br />

– Limited corrosion effects with a cast alloy product.<br />

– Reduced electrolysis due to non-similar metals.<br />

– Lighter in weight than steel versions.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs.<br />

– Most suited for horizontal and high directional well<br />

designs; favorable in cased hole situations.<br />

• Sizes available—4 1/2 to 20 in.; custom sizes available.<br />

• Actual OD—1/8 to 1 in. below stated hole size,<br />

depending on casing and hole size.<br />

• Minimum hole size—5 3/4 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—25 in.<br />

• Length—8 to 30 in.<br />

11-33 Casing Attachments


Ray Oil Spiral Solid STAND-OFF<br />

Cast Alloy Centralizers<br />

The spiral STAND-OFF centralizer by Ray Oil is designed<br />

with a 360° overlapping solid vane to provide maximum<br />

wellbore contact and maximum wellbore fluid swirl. The<br />

spiral STAND-OFF centralizer is recommended to be used<br />

on shoe joints, through production zones, liner overlaps, and<br />

other areas where a good cement bond is essential. The<br />

recommended spacing through productive zones is every<br />

20 ft, using the left- and right-hand spiral design in every<br />

other sequence.<br />

Features<br />

• Rating—not governed by API.<br />

• Design appearance<br />

– Spiral smooth cast alloy ribs cast into solid bodies<br />

(one-piece castings).<br />

– Available with and without set screws.<br />

– Spiral ribs offer 360° evenly spaced openhole coverage.<br />

• Performance<br />

– Provide positive casing standoff<br />

– Limited corrosion effects with a cast alloy product.<br />

– Reduced electrolysis because of non-similar metals.<br />

– Lighter in weight than steel versions.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in most types of well designs.<br />

– Most suited for horizontal and high directional well<br />

designs; favorable in cased hole situations.<br />

• Sizes available—2 7/8 to 13 3/8 in.; custom<br />

sizes available.<br />

• Actual OD—1/8 to 1 in. below stated hole size,<br />

depending on casing and hole size,<br />

• Minimum hole size—4 1/2 in.<br />

• Maximum hole size—17 1/2 in.<br />

• Length—6 to 15 in.<br />

HAL24991<br />

Spiral Blade<br />

Ray Oil Tool Recommendations<br />

Aluminum straight blade vs. spiral blade<br />

• Straight blade advantages<br />

– Are the most wellbore friendly<br />

– Allow for self cleaning blades<br />

– Reduce drag while running casing<br />

• Spiral blade disadvantages<br />

– Acts as a plow scraping the wellbore.<br />

– Increases drag<br />

– Blades may clog<br />

– Same standoff as straight blade<br />

– Fluid agitation, turbulation, or swirling is recorded to<br />

be very short lived because pipe is never concentric<br />

to the wellbore.<br />

Ray Oil Tool Stop Rings<br />

The Ray Oil Tool Stop Ring design is a one-piece type that<br />

slips over the pin end of the pipe and secures in place with set<br />

screws. These stop rings have a superior holding force and<br />

are especially applicable in close tolerance situations.<br />

Features<br />

Stop Rings<br />

• Rating—tested in accordance to API recommendations.<br />

• Design appearance<br />

– One piece slip on with set screws.<br />

– Manufactured from high-grade tubular steel.<br />

• Performance—offer high performance to Ray Oil Tool<br />

aluminum centralizers.<br />

• Applications<br />

– Used in all types of well designs.<br />

– Sizes available—2 7/8 to 20 in. (custom sizes available).<br />

• Benefits<br />

– Flat end ring surface allows for smooth bearing surface<br />

to mated aluminum centralizers, allowing high<br />

performance during pipe rotation.<br />

Casing Attachments 11-34


• Options<br />

– Available with stainless steel set screws.<br />

– Available with one side beveled.<br />

– Available in aluminum and steel designs.<br />

• Aluminum vs. steel<br />

– Aluminum has a lower friction factor than steel.<br />

– Electrolysis occurs with dissimilar metals. Steel<br />

centralizers can cause casing electrolysis erosion.<br />

Aluminum is more the sacrificial metal.<br />

– Across production zones, aluminum has less<br />

perforation distortion.<br />

– Aluminum centralizers weigh 50% less than steel<br />

centralizers, which can be a transportation advantage.<br />

– Aluminum centralizers are manufactured by casting<br />

or extrusions, decreasing manufacturing time with<br />

constant quality assurance.<br />

Customer’s Mud Handling System on<br />

Newly Constructed Rig<br />

11-35 Casing Attachments


Downhole Products<br />

(a Varel International Energy Services Company)<br />

Downhole Products are specialist oilfield designers and<br />

manufacturers of the ultimate drag and torque reduction<br />

solid body zinc alloy centralizers, as widely used in the<br />

world’s demanding horizontal and extended-reach wells.<br />

Downhole Products is a British based company with<br />

headquarters in Aberdeen, Scotland, UK, and offices in the<br />

USA, Asia, and the Middle East. Downhole Products designs,<br />

manufactures, and supplies a wide range of casing accessories<br />

and completion tools. Its technologies are reinforced by<br />

dedicated engineering and manufacturing teams responsible<br />

for designing its selected range of products that <strong>Halliburton</strong><br />

offers, to include the Spir-O-Lizer centralizers, Spir-O-Lizer<br />

Blade Runner centralizers, and their matching series of limit<br />

clamps.<br />

Downhole Products’ commitment to quality and its<br />

customers is to deliver the best value to customers and<br />

markets by finding the optimum balance of performance,<br />

quality, and price, which, in turn, can result in the most<br />

effective solution to their completion requirements.<br />

Features<br />

• Complies with pertinent ISO and OHSAS requirements.<br />

• BS EN ISO 9001:2000 registered company.<br />

• Comply with the requirements of ISO 9001:2000 in<br />

addition to appropriate statutory and regulatory<br />

requirements.<br />

• Ongoing in-house research and development.<br />

• UK facility also accommodates Downhole Products<br />

engineering, with the provision of a purpose-built<br />

precision machine shop, with availability 24/7.<br />

• Downhole Products uses the latest CNC machines and<br />

other ancillary equipment.<br />

Offerings<br />

SPIR-O-LIZER Centralizers<br />

Spir-o-lizer centralizers are positive stand-off wellbore<br />

centralizers, specifically designed for casing, liners and sand<br />

control screens, to eliminate costly recurring problems,<br />

common in today’s demanding wells. Zinc-alloy centralizer<br />

affording proven torque and drag reduction, designed with<br />

maximum flow-by, helps ensure problem-free running with<br />

the lowest pressure drop of any centralizer available.<br />

Features<br />

• Maximum torque and drag reduction.<br />

• Spiral blade design assists hole cleaning and cement<br />

placement.<br />

• Maximum flow-by with self-cleaning blade design.<br />

• Unique non-sparking alloy<br />

• Exceptional wear resistance<br />

• Extends casing life<br />

• Designed to reduce operating costs.<br />

SPIR-O-LIZER<br />

Casing Attachments 11-36


The BLADERUNNER Centralizer<br />

Ultimate friction reduction, Spir-o-lizer centralizer<br />

performs equally in open or cased holes. Maximize drag<br />

reduction, minimize start up torque. Cost-effective<br />

alternative to roller type centralizers. Based on already<br />

proven design used in some of the world's most demanding<br />

wells completed in the past.<br />

The ultimate friction reduction Spir-o-lizer unit reduces<br />

both torque and drag with patented Ultra-Low Friction<br />

buttons and sleeves. It performs equally in open or cased<br />

hole situations and is a cost-effective alternative to roller<br />

type centralizers.<br />

The BLADERUNNER Centralizer<br />

BLADERUNNER LD Centralizer<br />

Maximum drag reduction can be achieved in cased/open<br />

holes using the BLADERUNNER LD (low drag) zinc alloy<br />

Spir-o-lizer centralizer enhanced with Ultra-Low Friction<br />

buttons. It eliminates moving parts and break down caused<br />

by ingress of cuttings.<br />

BLADERUNNER LD Centralizer<br />

BLADERUNNER LT Centralizer<br />

The BLADERUNNER LT (low torque) zinc alloy<br />

Spir-o-lizer centralizer incorporating the ultra-low friction<br />

sleeve minimizes startup torque and offers proven low<br />

friction zinc alloy construction with Spir-o-lizer features<br />

for rotating liners and casings.<br />

BLADERUNNER LT Centralizer<br />

Features<br />

• Works equally well in both cased hole and open hole,<br />

regardless of deviation.<br />

• Lower drag when running through cased hole sections<br />

and out into open hole through milled sections.<br />

• Provides enhanced clean up and cement placement<br />

properties.<br />

• Lowest friction coefficient of any centralizer available<br />

today.<br />

• The Blade Runner's patented Ultra-Low Friction<br />

buttons perform through even the longest casing runs.<br />

11-37 Casing Attachments

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!