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226 QUANTIFICATION OF BENEFITS FROM ECONOMIC COOPERATION IN SOUTH ASIA Sector/Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment and Additional Commitments tion for admission and who fall with one of the following categories: (A) Executives and Managers (B) Specialists Entry for the above-listed categories of ICTs is limited to a 3 years initial period that may be extended for up to 7 years for a total period not to exceed 10 years. Temporary entry and stay of ICTs may be limited to 15% of local employees. This commitment shall be further liberalised after five years from the date of accession. 3. Construction and related engineering services B. General Construction (1) None (1) None work for civil engineer- (2) None (2) None ing (CPC 513) (3) None, except only through incorporation in (3) None Nepal and with maximum foreign equity capital (4) Unbound, except as indicated in of 51 per cent. Foreign equity participation will horizontal section be increased to 80 per cent after 5 years from the date of accession. (4) Unbound, except as indicated in horizontal section E. Other (CPC 511 + 515 (1) None (1) None + 518) (2) None (2) None (3) None, except only through incorporation in (3) None Nepal and with maximum foreign equity (4) Unbound, except as indicated in capital of 51 per cent. horizontal section (4) Unbound, except as indicated in horizontal section. 5. Educational Services C. Higher Education (1) None (1) None Services (CPC 923) (2) None (2) None D. Adult Education (3) None, except only through incorporation in (3) None, except for education services Services (CPC 924) Nepal and with maximum foreign equity capital funded from state resources. E. Other Education of 51 per cent and except for education services (4) Unbound, except as indicated in (CPC 929) funded from state resources. Foreign equity horizontal section. participation will be increased to 80 per cent after 5 years from the date of accession (4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. 9. Tourism and Travel Related Services A. Hotel, lodgingservices (1) None (1) None (CPC6411) (star hotels (2) None (2) None only); Graded (3) None, except only through incorporation in (3) None restaurants (CPC6421- Nepal and with maximum foreign equity capital (4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 6423) of 51 per cent for travel agency and tour horizontal section B. Travel agencies and operator (CPC 7471) and 80 per cent for hotel, tour operators (CPC lodging services (CPC 6411) (star hotels only), 7471) and graded restaurants (CPC 6421-6423). (4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
APPENDICES 227 II. Nepal – List of Article II (MFN) Exemptions Sector or Description of measure indicating Countries to Intended Conditions creating the need for Sub-sector its inconsistency with Article II which the Duration the exemption measure applies All Sectors Allocation of non-convertible India Indefinite To facilitate border traffic and currency effected by commercial regional integration by providing for banks without involvement of full current account convertibility of Central Bank Nepalese rupees into Indian rupees Tourism Higher allocation of convertible All OECD Indefinite To facilitate border traffic and currency for travel purposes countries regional integration by providing for full current account convertibility of Nepalese rupees into Indian rupees III. Nepal – Air Transport Services Sector/Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment 11 C. Air Transport Services (d) Maintenance and repair (1) None (1) None of aircraft (CPC 8868) (2) None (2) None (3) None, except only through incorporation in (3) None Nepal and with maximum foreign equity capital of 51 per cent. Foreign equity participation will be increased to 80 per cent after 5 years from the date of accession (4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal (4) Unbound, except as indicated in the section. horizontal section. Source: WTO Document No. GATS/SC/139, 30 August 2004. Table A12.6 Bhutan’s Offer of Horizontal and Sector Specific Commitments Sector/Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment All Sectors included (3) To establish a new commercial presence in (3) Foreign investors are required to foster in this Schedule Bhutan, minimum size of foreign investment is transfer of technology, introduction of US$0.5 million, foreign investor’s equity holding management skills and provide limited to 70%, unless otherwise indicated in training and employ Bhutanese the sectoral commitments and the Business must nationals at all levels in the enterprise. also be incorporated in Bhutan. The investment shall be governed by sector The shares held by foreign nationals specific policies and procedures as established and foreign juridical persons in locally in the sectors included in this schedule. incorporated companies are not Unbound for measures regulating publicly transferable without prior permission funded services including with respect to by the Government of Bhutan. national treatment. 3. Construction and related Engineering Services A. General construction (1) None (1) None work for buildings (2) None (2) None For warehouses and (3) Services must be provided through incorporation (3) None industrial building where the foreign investor equity shall be limited (4) Unbound, except as indicated in the (CPC 51230) to a maximum of 49% and jobs below US$ 11 horizontal section million to be reserved for the domestic industry. (4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Contd . . .
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QUANTIFICATION OF BENEFITS FROM ECO
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QUANTIFICATION OF BENEFITS FROM ECO
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Preface Our consultations with seni
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viii CONTENTS 7. Revenue and Welfar
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Executive Summary OBJECTIVE This st
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY xiii Table 1 EAMA
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY xv India A full S
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY xvii indicates th
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY xix ments on basi
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Part I BENEFITS FROM TRADE, INVESTM
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4 QUANTIFICATION OF BENEFITS FROM E
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2 Literature Review and Rationale f
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4 Effective Additional Market Acces
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6 Impact of SAFTA on Member Countri
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7 Revenue and Welfare Implications
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8 Impact of SAFTA on Inward and Out
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9 Quantification of Benefits from T
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Part II BENEFITS FROM DEEPENING INT
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14 Health and Related Services 1 IN
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15 Prospects for the Telecommunicat
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Page 223: APPENDICES
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Page 258 and 259: Appendix 15 REFERENCE PAPER Scope T
Page 261 and 262: Bibliography Abelson, P. (1996),
Page 263 and 264: BIBLIOGRAPHY 241 Cuba (2002), Negot
Page 265 and 266: BIBLIOGRAPHY 243 (2004), Impacts of
Page 267 and 268: BIBLIOGRAPHY 245 Silva, Patricia an
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