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EKEOCHA Routine Observed During Lactation Trial At parturition, the dams were weighed, lambs were weighed and their sex was recorded. Thereafter lambs were weighed weekly. The ewes were group penned and fed during the period of the lactation trial. At every 4 th , 8 th and 12 th week, each ewe was weighed individually penned and total feed intake was taken for that week. Clean water was constantly available throughout the experimental period. Ewes were then reweighed and returned to their group pens. This was continued till end of lactation. Statistical Analysis Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the General Linear Model (GLM) of SAS software (SAS, 1999). Treatment means were compared by Duncan option of the software. Table 1: Ingredient composition of experimental diet Ingredients % Rations A B C D MSLM 1 0.00 15.00 30.00 45.00 Wheat bran 45.00 30.00 15.00 0.00 Cassava peel 33.20 33.20 33.20 33.20 Palm kernel meal 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 Ground nut cake 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 Oyster shell 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 Bone meal 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 Mineral/Vit. Premix 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 Common salt 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 MSLM=Mexican Sunflower Leaf Meal, A = 0%MSLM, B =15% MSLM, C = 30% MSLM, D = 45% MSLM Table 2 : Proximate composition of experimental diet Constituents % Rations A B C D Dry matter 92.00 91.00 90.00 89.00 Crude protein 17.10 16.90 16.50 16.20 Crude fiber 15.70 16.40 17.00 17.50 Ether extract 3.47 3.63 3.70 3.75 Ash 8.60 9.40 10.10 11.30 NFE 1 55.13 53.67 52.70 51.25 ADF 2 22.54 26.70 30.85 35.01 NDF 3 ADL 4 43.15 7.92 44.50 8.41 45.85 9.03 47.20 9.85 Gross energy(kcal/kg) 3829.5 3805.5 3781.0 3735.5 1 NFE= nitrogen free extract 2 ADF= acid detergent fiber 3 NDF= neutral detergent fiber 4 ADL = acid detergent lignin 729 J. Anim. Sci. Adv., 2012, 2(9):727-733
EFFECT OF GRADED LEVELS OF MEXICAN SUNFLOWER LEAF … Table 3: Chemical Composition of Dried Mexican Sunflower Leaf Meal (MSLM), Wheat bran and Panicum maximum Components MSLM Wheat bran Panicum maximum Dry matter 89.00 89.00 26.00 Crude protein (CP) 16.33 17.00 7.95 Crude fiber (CF) 21.80 8.50 31.00 Ether extract (EE) 2.81 3.50 4.00 Ash 14.68 13.01 8.90 NFE 1 44.38 57.99 48.15 ADF 2 42.63 25.00 42.70 NDF 3 60.00 51.00 74.30 Hemi cellulose 17.37 26.00 31.60 ADL 4 9.96 8.60 13.87 1 NFE= nitrogen free extract 2 ADF= acid detergent fiber 3 NDF= neutral detergent fiber 4 ADL= acid detergent lignin Table 4: Anti Nutritional Factors in MSLM Component Quantity (mg/100g) Total Alkaloid 6.32 Saponin 1.05 Oxalate 5.25 Phytate 8.81 Tannin 5.19 Glycosides 0.42 Phenol 0.53 Source: Ekeocha (2009) Results and Discussion Feed Intake The chemical composition of grass (Panicum maximum) and the concentrate supplements are presented in (Tables 2 and 3). Dry matter intake (DMI) at early, mid and late lactation is presented in Table 5. Average total DMI (g/d) increased gradually from average values of 503.29, 782.81, 562.39, and 441.82g/day in early lactation to 512.69, 797.44, 572.91, and 450.06g/day in mid lactation and decreased slightly to average values of 493.90, 768.20, 551.90, and 433.56g/day in late lactation for animals on diets A, B, C and D respectively. Dietary effects on total DMI were not significant (P
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