EATING UP THE AMAZON 1

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52 ANNEX ONE – GUIDANCE ON TRACEABILITY Traceability is a key issue for companies not wishing to be implicated in Amazon destruction or the use of GM soya. The state in which soya is produced and the port through which it is shipped are first indicators of whether there are known problems with soya for buyers. This annex lists Brazilian states according to whether they fall entirely within the biome, partially within the biome, or outside the biome. It also links ports of export with the supplying soya producing states. This indicates whether soya from a given state or port is clearly a problem (ie implicated in Amazon destruction) or potentially a problem (eg potentially GM or from within the biome). In fact, the conclusion one must draw is that state of origin and port of export are no guarantee of the origin (or GM status) of the commodity. Nor do these assure that other illegalities – eg unauthorised deforestation, land grabbing, slave labour – are not involved. What is needed is independently verified chain-of-custody (CoC) back to the producer. Brazil has 26 states and one Federal District (Brasília). Soya is currently grown in 16 states, seven of which are entirely or partially in the Amazon biome. 290 A) These four states are fully within the Amazon biome and where soya was grown in the period 2001/2006. Greenpeace opposes the use of the soya grown within these states. Companies should NOT source soya originating from these states. RR – Roraima AM – Amazonas PA – Pará RO – Rondônia B) These two states are fully within the Amazon biome but where soya has NOT been grown to date Companies should NOT source soya originating from these states, if it is grown here in the future. AP – Amapá AC – Acre C) Areas of these three states are within the Amazon biome and where soya was grown in the period 2001/2006. Greenpeace opposes the use of the soya grown within the Amazon biome in these states. Companies should either NOT source soya originating from these states or must have clear and detailed verification that the origin of the soya was grown outside the Amazon biome. MA – Maranhão (33.2% inside Amazon biome) TO – Tocantins (9% inside Amazon biome) MT – Mato Grosso (53.5% inside Amazon biome) The state of Mato Grosso is where the largest share of Amazon soya is grown. While the bulk of Mato Grosso soya is non-GM and from outside the biome, some is Amazon soya or GM. D) These 10 states are outside the Amazon biome and currently grow soya. Greenpeace does not oppose the use of soya grown in these states so long as it is non-GM and from legally verified sources. GM free soya can be sourced from many of these states. PI – Piauí BA – Bahia DF – Brasília GO – Goiás MG – Minas Gerais SP – São Paulo MS – Mato Grosso do Sul PR – Paraná SC – Santa Catarina RS – Río Grande do Sul The state of Paraná has a GM free policy controlled by the state government and is the state to which Greenpeace points companies who wish to source GM free soya. The state of Río Grande do Sul is 90%+ contaminated with GM soya and so we warn companies against buying soya from this state. PORTS OF EXPORT The table overleaf (page 54) gives a very rough guide to the ports through which a region’s soya may pass to Europe. Greenpeace has identified seven major Brazilian ports through which Amazon soya is exported to world markets. Two further ports are known to export soya from states mainly or entirely outside the Amazon biome, though Amazon soya may be passing through these ports as well – for instance, soya may be processed into soya meal in other states. For example, Cargill transports soya beans from a number of its Amazon silos in Mato Grosso to its crushing facility in Minas Gerais in the south of Brazil. The soya meal is then exported. 291
EATING UP THE AMAZON 53 Itacoatiara Santarém Ponta de Madeida São Luis AMAZONAS PARA RONDÔNIA MATO GROSSO Vitória Santos Paranagua São Francisco do Sul Amazon biome State boundaries Port Roads Roads (unpaved) Rivers Rivers (proposed routes) Railway Transportation of soya
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Page 44 and 45: 44 McDONALD’S CHICKEN McNUGGETS:
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Page 48 and 49: 48 STRATEGIES TO PROTECT THE AMAZON
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EATING UP THE AMAZON 1

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