Biodiversity Strategy - Gosford City Council - NSW Government

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CONTENTS APPENDIX GOSFORD CITY COUNCIL BIODIVERSITY TECHNICAL REPORT A - 1.0 INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................... 33 A - 1.1 Purpose and Scope................................................................................ 33 A - 1.2 What is Biodiversity? .............................................................................. 33 A - 1.3 Why does Conserving Biodiversity Matter?............................................ 34 A - 1.4 References ............................................................................................. 37 A - 2.0 LEGISLATIVE CONTEXT ........................................................................................ 38 A - 2.1 Federal and State Legislation, initiatives and Biodiversity Planning ...... 38 A - 2.2 Regional context for Biodiversity Conservation...................................... 40 A - 2.2.1 Catchment Management Authorities ........................................... 40 A - 2.2.2 Regional Planning ....................................................................... 41 A - 2.2.3 The Lower Hunter Central Coast Regional Environmental Management (LHCCREMS) Biodiversity Strategy ..................... 42 A - 2.3 Local Government role and responses ................................................. 43 A - 2.3.1 Local Government Role............................................................... 43 A - 2.3.2 Council Corporate Reporting and Vision 2025 ............................ 44 A - 2.3.3 Gosford City Council Biodiversity Response to date ................... 44 A - 2.4 Discussion of Comparable Plans and Strategies - NSW and elsewhere .. ............................................................................................................... 48 A - 2.5 Stakeholders and Consultation .............................................................. 48 A - 2.6 References ............................................................................................. 52 A - 3.0 REVIEW OF RECENT BIODIVERSITY PROGRAMS ............................................. 53 A - 3.1 Biodiversity studies, projects and reports............................................... 53 A - 3.2 Appraisal of biodiversity projects undertaken 2000 – 2004.................... 56 A - 3.2.1 Gosford Biodiversity Action Plan ................................................. 56 A - 3.2.2 Systematic and Targeted Fauna Biodiversity Surveys 2000/2001 ..................................................................................................... 56 A - 3.2.3 Pilot Corridors Project 2002 -2004 .............................................. 57 A - 3.2.4 Gosford City Vegetation Mapping Project 2004 .......................... 59 A - 3.2.5 Backyard Wildlife Survey 2003 - 2004......................................... 60 A - 3.2.6 Regional Fox Management Strategy and Coastal Fox Baiting Program....................................................................................... 63 A - 3.2.7 Specific Threatened Species Programs ...................................... 63 A - 3.3 Related biodiversity programs................................................................ 67 A - 3.3.1 Bushcare Program....................................................................... 67 A - 3.3.2 Brisbane Water Estuary Processes Study................................... 68 A - 3.3.3 Ecological Research Projects...................................................... 68 A - 3.3.4 Mangrove Creek Catchment Biodiversity Projects ...................... 70 A - 3.3.5 Kincumber Creek Riparian Rehabilitation Project ...................... 74 A - 3.3.6 No Mow Trails.............................................................................. 75 A - 3.3.7 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Strategy.......................................... 75 A - 3.3.8 Cats Indoor Program ................................................................... 76 A - 3.3.9 Weed Control Programs .............................................................. 77 A - 3.4 References ............................................................................................. 78 A - 4.0 BIOPHYSICAL AND LAND USE FEATURES.......................................................... 79 A - 4.1 Introduction............................................................................................. 79 A - 4.2 Geology .................................................................................................. 82 A - 4.3 Geomorphology...................................................................................... 83 A - 4.4 Soils........................................................................................................ 84 Biodiversity Strategy Page 3
A - 4.5 Climate ................................................................................................... 88 A - 4.6 Catchment Boundaries........................................................................... 89 A - 4.7 Aboriginal History ................................................................................... 89 A - 4.8 European Settlement.............................................................................. 90 A - 4.9 Current Landuse..................................................................................... 92 A - 4.10 Population and Trends ........................................................................... 92 A - 4.11 References ............................................................................................. 95 A - 5.0 TERRESTRIAL BIODIVERSITY .............................................................................. 96 A - 5.1 Introduction............................................................................................. 96 A - 5.2 Native Vegetation Communities ............................................................. 97 A - 5.2.1 Distribution of Native Vegetation ................................................. 97 A - 5.2.2 Vegetation Mapping.................................................................... 98 A - 5.2.3 Significant Vegetation Communities.......................................... 104 A - 5.2.4 Rainforest Communities ............................................................ 109 A - 5.2.5 Wetland Communities .............................................................. 109 A - 5.2.6 Riparian or Riverbank Communities.......................................... 109 A - 5.2.7 Recommendations arising from Previous Mapping Projects ..... 110 A - 5.3 Terrestrial Flora .................................................................................... 111 A - 5.3.1 Diversity of Gosford Flora.......................................................... 111 A - 5.3.2 Threatened and Rare Plant Species ......................................... 112 A - 5.4 Terrestrial Fauna .................................................................................. 114 A - 5.4.1 Diversity of Gosford Fauna........................................................ 114 A - 5.4.2 Threatened Fauna Species ....................................................... 114 A - 5.4.3 Invertebrates.............................................................................. 116 A - 5.4.4 Fauna Species of Particular Interest ......................................... 116 A - 5.5 Fungi and Microbial Biodiversity........................................................... 120 A - 5.6 Significant Habitat ................................................................................ 121 A - 5.6.1 Tree Hollows and other ‘Old Growth’ Values............................. 121 A - 5.6.2 Wildlife Corridors and Linkages................................................. 122 A - 5.6.3 Regional Corridor Planning ....................................................... 123 A - 5.6.4 Local Corridor Mapping ............................................................. 125 A - 5.7 References .......................................................................................... 126 A - 6.0 AQUATIC BIODIVERSITY ..................................................................................... 129 A - 6.1 Introduction.......................................................................................... 129 A - 6.2 Aquatic Habitats ................................................................................... 130 A - 6.2.1 Estuaries.................................................................................... 130 A - 6.2.2 Marine Habitats ......................................................................... 145 A - 6.2.3 Freshwater Habitats .................................................................. 147 A - 6.3 References ........................................................................................... 152 A - 7.0 ISSUES FOR BIODIVERSITY ............................................................................... 153 A - 7.1 Introduction........................................................................................... 153 A - 7.2 Habitat Loss and Fragmentation of Native Vegetation......................... 154 A - 7.3 Weeds .................................................................................................. 155 A - 7.4 Feral and Introduced Pest Animals ...................................................... 156 A - 7.4.1 Foxes........................................................................................ 156 A - 7.4.2 Feral Deer.................................................................................. 157 A - 7.4.3 Feral Pigs .................................................................................. 157 A - 7.4.4 Aquatic Pests............................................................................. 157 A - 7.4.5 Feral Cats .................................................................................. 157 A - 7.4.5 Wild Dogs .................................................................................. 157 A - 7.5 Diseases............................................................................................... 157 A - 7.6 Companion Animals ............................................................................. 158 A - 7.7 Human Interactions with Native Species.............................................. 159 A - 7.8 Fire Management ................................................................................. 160 Biodiversity Strategy Page 4
Page 1 and 2: Gosford City Council BIODIVERSITY S
Page 3: CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION............
Page 7 and 8: 1 INTRODUCTION In accordance with C
Page 9 and 10: • Local interest groups such as B
Page 11 and 12: GOSFORD VISION 2025 INTERNATIONAL C
Page 13 and 14: Council is placing the information
Page 15 and 16: 2 EXISTING SITUATION 2.1 Biodiversi
Page 17 and 18: ackdrop to areas of the City, conse
Page 19 and 20: Table 2: Statistics on Gosford's wa
Page 21 and 22: example, of the approximately 83 di
Page 23 and 24: • Biodiversity is best conserved
Page 25 and 26: 6 Council to consider the developme
Page 27 and 28: Actions • Enhancing community edu
Page 29 and 30: 5 Develop and implement strategies
Page 31 and 32: Appendix Gosford City Council BIODI
Page 33 and 34: CONTENTS APPENDIX GOSFORD CITY COUN
Page 35 and 36: A - 7.7 Human Interactions with Nat
Page 37 and 38: Genetic diversity is the variety of
Page 39 and 40: Biodiversity - Technical Report Pag
Page 41 and 42: A - 2.0 LEGISLATIVE CONTEXT The dev
Page 43 and 44: Amendment Act 2004 Standard Instrum
Page 45 and 46: areas within the Greater Metropolit
Page 47 and 48: A - 2.3.2 Council Corporate Reporti
Page 49 and 50: Biodiversity Toolbox The Commonweal
Page 51 and 52: A - 2.4 Discussion of Comparable Pl
Page 53 and 54: Biodiversity - Technical Report Pag
Page 55 and 56:
A - 2.6 References Australian Local
Page 57 and 58:
• Bushcare Program - ongoing •
Page 59 and 60:
A - 3.2 Appraisal of biodiversity p
Page 61 and 62:
Officer Table 3.2. Area of properti
Page 63 and 64:
and sub-communities and to provide
Page 65 and 66:
the Central Coast. The returned sur
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Council received funding for develo
Page 69 and 70:
Council commissioned the Bush Stone
Page 71 and 72:
education and training opportunitie
Page 73 and 74:
of urban development applications w
Page 75 and 76:
Unmanaged cattle grazing can impact
Page 77 and 78:
Three public schools in the catchme
Page 79 and 80:
Milestone 5 - Monitoring and Report
Page 81 and 82:
A - 3.4 References Australian Museu
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(see Figure 4. 3) which accounts fo
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Newcastle and forms a major barrier
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Mooney Mooney and Mangrove Creeks.
Page 89 and 90:
Aeolian Landscapes Beach Landscapes
Page 91 and 92:
A - 4.5 Climate Generally the clima
Page 93 and 94:
Kangaroo, possums, flying squirrels
Page 95 and 96:
A - 4.9 Current Landuse Since the 1
Page 97 and 98:
State government is also preparing
Page 99 and 100:
A - 5.0 TERRESTRIAL BIODIVERSITY Th
Page 101 and 102:
Lily) was once relatively widesprea
Page 103 and 104:
Figure 5.1 Native vegetation commun
Page 105 and 106:
Biodiversity - Technical Report Pag
Page 107 and 108:
There have been few quantitative st
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• Rainforest • Wetlands • Dun
Page 111 and 112:
Figure 5.5 Endangered ecological co
Page 113 and 114:
of streams for water quality purpos
Page 115 and 116:
Figures 5.5 - 5.7 Waratah (Telopea
Page 117 and 118:
A - 5.4 A - 5.4.1 Terrestrial Fauna
Page 119 and 120:
A - 5.4.3 Invertebrates There conti
Page 121 and 122:
A draft Recovery Plan has been prep
Page 123 and 124:
assumption that occupancy of a site
Page 125 and 126:
Variables such as ‘proportion of
Page 127 and 128:
Mount Kincumba to Bouddi NP and Cop
Page 129 and 130:
A - 5.7 References Anon (1996) 'Sev
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Scotts D (1991) “Old-growth fores
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A - 6.2 Aquatic Habitats A - 6.2.1
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considered. This is true for all ri
Page 137 and 138:
this zone are isolated Casuarina gl
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The Hawkesbury River The Hawkesbury
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Gulls (Larus novaehollandiae); Pied
Page 143 and 144:
Patonga Creek Little information is
Page 145 and 146:
A particular objective of the above
Page 147 and 148:
northeast lies the suburb of North
Page 149 and 150:
Figure 6.11 Weedy Seadragon (Phyllo
Page 151 and 152:
Lisarow Wetland Lisarow Wetland is
Page 153 and 154:
• appropriately timed collection
Page 155 and 156:
A - 6.3 References ANZECC (1992) Au
Page 157 and 158:
Almost thirty key threatening proce
Page 159 and 160:
Whilst these two species appear mor
Page 161 and 162:
Low (1999) surmised that this fungu
Page 163 and 164:
A - 7.8 Fire Management Fire manage
Page 165 and 166:
1. Salinity mediated processes - Sa
Page 167 and 168:
• Structural flood mitigation wor
Page 169 and 170:
Increased needs for active recreati
Page 171 and 172:
A - 7.14 References Anderson, C (20
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Biodiversity Strategy - Gosford City Council - NSW Government

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