Biodiversity Strategy - Gosford City Council - NSW Government

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• Intrinsic and social values; • Regulation of climate (moderation of temperature extremes and the forces of wind and waves, rainfall). (Adapted from New South Wales State of Environment Report 2000 (Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) 2000)). This means that CONSERVING BIODIVERSITY = CONSERVING OUR OWN SPECIES FOR THE FUTURE FOR THE FUTURE Many benefits are intangible or not easily measured. Natural capital/resources have been traditionally undervalued or not given an economic value (EPA 1995; Davidson 2000 quoted in EPA 2000). A report by the World Resources Institute (Constanza et al. 1997 quoted in NPWS 1999) values the ‘free’ ecosystem services at over $33 trillion to the global economy annually. Costs of not protected biodiversity may be easier to quantify, for example the cost of lost agricultural productivity as a result of weeds that is estimated to cost Australia $3.3 billion per year (Commonwealth of Australia 1997). Benefits such as aesthetic amenity and intrinsic value remain hard to quantify but are strongly expressed by the community. At the national level, Australia has a high number of endemic species and a great diversity of ecosystems. It is estimated that there are nearly a million species (NPWS quoted in EPA 2000) and that the vast majority of these are insects and invertebrates (44%) and fungi (44%) (Prime Minister’s Science Council 1992 quoted in EPA 2000). However, it has been estimated that only 15% of these species have been formally described (EPA 2000). Vertebrates represent a mere 1.5% of this total number of species. Despite this rich diversity, there are real reasons for concern. The first national State of the Environment Report identified the loss of biological diversity as "perhaps our most serious environmental problem. Whether we look at wetlands or saltmarshes, mangroves or bushland, inland creeks or estuaries, the same story emerges. In many cases, the destruction of habitat, the major cause of biodiversity loss, is continuing at an alarming rate." (Environment Australia 1996). Over 900 species are nationally threatened with extinction. In NSW, over 80 native species of plants and animals are known to be extinct and nearly 700 plant and animal species are seriously threatened with extinction (NPWS 1999). It is estimated that more than 70% of native vegetation in NSW has been removed or significantly modified. Up to one third of terrestrial plants and animals in NSW are considered to be under threat (EPA 2000). Gosford City currently contains significant species and ecosystem diversity. At the same time, a relatively high number of plants, animals and communities known to occur in the areas are recognised as being at risk of extinction in the next five to ten years. Also some plants and animals occur at the southern or northern extent of their natural distribution in the Gosford LGA. Conserving the biodiversity of Gosford City is important not only to retain what we currently know and enjoy, but also to retain it for future generations. Benefits of conserving biodiversity will be that the area continues to be a beautiful and diverse area that enriches the lives of the people of Gosford and attracts visitors and new residents to the area. Conclusion Biodiversity loss is a major concern for Council and actions are required to address this loss. Biodiversity provides a great range of benefits to the area and is considered essential to the healthy functioning of our natural systems. This strategy has been developed to ensure that Council meets its obligations for environmentally sustainable development and to retain the features of Gosford City that make it unique and biologically diverse. Biodiversity - Technical Report Page 35
Biodiversity - Technical Report Page 36
Page 1 and 2: Gosford City Council BIODIVERSITY S
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION............
Page 5 and 6: A - 4.5 Climate ...................
Page 7 and 8: 1 INTRODUCTION In accordance with C
Page 9 and 10: • Local interest groups such as B
Page 11 and 12: GOSFORD VISION 2025 INTERNATIONAL C
Page 13 and 14: Council is placing the information
Page 15 and 16: 2 EXISTING SITUATION 2.1 Biodiversi
Page 17 and 18: ackdrop to areas of the City, conse
Page 19 and 20: Table 2: Statistics on Gosford's wa
Page 21 and 22: example, of the approximately 83 di
Page 23 and 24: • Biodiversity is best conserved
Page 25 and 26: 6 Council to consider the developme
Page 27 and 28: Actions • Enhancing community edu
Page 29 and 30: 5 Develop and implement strategies
Page 31 and 32: Appendix Gosford City Council BIODI
Page 33 and 34: CONTENTS APPENDIX GOSFORD CITY COUN
Page 35 and 36: A - 7.7 Human Interactions with Nat
Page 37: Genetic diversity is the variety of
Page 41 and 42: A - 2.0 LEGISLATIVE CONTEXT The dev
Page 43 and 44: Amendment Act 2004 Standard Instrum
Page 45 and 46: areas within the Greater Metropolit
Page 47 and 48: A - 2.3.2 Council Corporate Reporti
Page 49 and 50: Biodiversity Toolbox The Commonweal
Page 51 and 52: A - 2.4 Discussion of Comparable Pl
Page 53 and 54: Biodiversity - Technical Report Pag
Page 55 and 56: A - 2.6 References Australian Local
Page 57 and 58: • Bushcare Program - ongoing •
Page 59 and 60: A - 3.2 Appraisal of biodiversity p
Page 61 and 62: Officer Table 3.2. Area of properti
Page 63 and 64: and sub-communities and to provide
Page 65 and 66: the Central Coast. The returned sur
Page 67 and 68: Council received funding for develo
Page 69 and 70: Council commissioned the Bush Stone
Page 71 and 72: education and training opportunitie
Page 73 and 74: of urban development applications w
Page 75 and 76: Unmanaged cattle grazing can impact
Page 77 and 78: Three public schools in the catchme
Page 79 and 80: Milestone 5 - Monitoring and Report
Page 81 and 82: A - 3.4 References Australian Museu
Page 83 and 84: (see Figure 4. 3) which accounts fo
Page 85 and 86: Newcastle and forms a major barrier
Page 87 and 88: Mooney Mooney and Mangrove Creeks.
Page 89 and 90:
Aeolian Landscapes Beach Landscapes
Page 91 and 92:
A - 4.5 Climate Generally the clima
Page 93 and 94:
Kangaroo, possums, flying squirrels
Page 95 and 96:
A - 4.9 Current Landuse Since the 1
Page 97 and 98:
State government is also preparing
Page 99 and 100:
A - 5.0 TERRESTRIAL BIODIVERSITY Th
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Lily) was once relatively widesprea
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Figure 5.1 Native vegetation commun
Page 105 and 106:
Biodiversity - Technical Report Pag
Page 107 and 108:
There have been few quantitative st
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• Rainforest • Wetlands • Dun
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Figure 5.5 Endangered ecological co
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of streams for water quality purpos
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Figures 5.5 - 5.7 Waratah (Telopea
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A - 5.4 A - 5.4.1 Terrestrial Fauna
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A - 5.4.3 Invertebrates There conti
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A draft Recovery Plan has been prep
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assumption that occupancy of a site
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Variables such as ‘proportion of
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Mount Kincumba to Bouddi NP and Cop
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A - 5.7 References Anon (1996) 'Sev
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Scotts D (1991) “Old-growth fores
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A - 6.2 Aquatic Habitats A - 6.2.1
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considered. This is true for all ri
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this zone are isolated Casuarina gl
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The Hawkesbury River The Hawkesbury
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Gulls (Larus novaehollandiae); Pied
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Patonga Creek Little information is
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A particular objective of the above
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northeast lies the suburb of North
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Figure 6.11 Weedy Seadragon (Phyllo
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Lisarow Wetland Lisarow Wetland is
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• appropriately timed collection
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A - 6.3 References ANZECC (1992) Au
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Almost thirty key threatening proce
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Whilst these two species appear mor
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Low (1999) surmised that this fungu
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A - 7.8 Fire Management Fire manage
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1. Salinity mediated processes - Sa
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• Structural flood mitigation wor
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Increased needs for active recreati
Page 171 and 172:
A - 7.14 References Anderson, C (20
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Biodiversity Strategy - Gosford City Council - NSW Government

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