Biodiversity Strategy - Gosford City Council - NSW Government
Biodiversity Strategy - Gosford City Council - NSW Government Biodiversity Strategy - Gosford City Council - NSW Government
Figure 6.10 Cockrone Lagoon bird life ( Peter Adderly) Figure 6.10 Cockrone Lagoon bird life (Peter Adderly) A - 6.2.2 Marine Habitats The marine environment of Gosford encompass the areas between the headlands and intertidal areas to mean low water. It also includes most of Broken Bay, from Box Head across to Barrenjoey Head and Lion Island. It includes beaches, rocky coastlines and reefs (Figure 6.1). Bouddi National Park occupies almost half of this coastline, which includes protected marine areas and shores. The underwater caves and environs around the Skillion at Terrigal are home to a variety of threatened fish species, such as the Grey Nurse Shark (Carcharias taurus), Black Cod (Epinephelus daemelii), Weedy Sea Dragon (Phyllopteryx taeniolatus) (Figure 6.11) and the Elegant Wrasse (Anampses elegans). There have also been sighting a variety of marine mammals recorded for the Hawkesbury Shelf Marine Bioregion including the Humpback Whale, False Killer Whale (Pseudorca crassidens), Killer Whale (Orcinus orca), Blaineville’s Beaked Whale (Mesoplodon densirostris), Andrew’s Beaked Whale (Mesoplodon bowdoini), Gray’s Beaked Whale (Mesoplodon grayii), Strap-Tooth Beaked Whale (Mesoplodon layardi), Long Finned Pilot Whale (Globicephala melas), Melon- Head Whale (Peponocephala electra), Minke Whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), Pygmy Sperm Whale (Kogia breviceps ), Dwarf Sperm Whale (Kogia simus), Sperm Whale (Physeter macrocephalus), Short - Finned Pilot Whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus), Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis), Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus ), Common Dolphin (Delphinus delphis), Risso’s Dolphin (Grampus griseus), Spotted Dolphin (Stenella attenuata), Striped Dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba), Rough Toothed Dolphin (Steno bredanens), Dugong (Dugong dugon), Leopard Seal (Hydrurga leptonyx), Australian Fur Seal (Arctocephalus pusillus), New Zealand Fur Seal (Arctocephalus forsteri), Subantarctic Fur Seal (Arctocephalus tropicali) Australian Sealion (Neophoca cinerea) and Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina). The majority of these sightings have been along Gosford's coastline (Breen et al. 2005). Lion Island is a breeding sight for the Little Penguin (Eudyptula minor) and a protected Nature Reserve. Biodiversity - Technical Report Page 145
Figure 6.11 Weedy Seadragon (Phyllopteryx taeniolatus) ( Sam Degabriele). Rocky coastlines Gosford's rocky reefs and intertidal rock platforms contain a high diversity of invertebrate and fish communities. Whilst many of these habitats have been studied for academic purposes, there is no real inventory of species for Gosford. Given the recorded sightings of threatened and endangered species along the Gosford coastline, this data gap is very significant and needs to be bridged is these species are to be protected in the area. The University of Newcastle produced a report entitled Monitoring of Central Coast Rocky Reefs (Gladstone and Owen, 2002). The report presents the results of the Monitoring of Central Coast Rocky Reefs project for 2002. The major findings of the monitoring are summarised below: Fish assemblages of near-estuarine reefs differed from reference reefs in Brisbane Water. Density of all fishes was less at Lion Island, compared to reference reefs in both sampling periods (autumn and spring). There were 122 recorded species of fishes representing 39 families and two classes (Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes). Thirty-seven species of mobile macroinvertebrates (representing two phyla, molluscs and echinoderms) were monitored over the autumn and spring periods. The majority of species were uncommon. Assemblages of mobile macroinvertebrates in near-estuarine reefs also differed from reference reefs in Brisbane Water. Whilst assemblages of encrusting benthic organisms near-estuarine reefs generally differed from reference reefs in Brisbane Water, some showed no difference (filamentous algae and sponges). The study monitored 146 taxa (representing 7 phyla). Biodiversity - Technical Report Page 146
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Figure 6.11 Weedy Seadragon (Phyllopteryx taeniolatus) ( Sam Degabriele).<br />
Rocky coastlines<br />
<strong>Gosford</strong>'s rocky reefs and intertidal rock platforms contain a high diversity of invertebrate and<br />
fish communities. Whilst many of these habitats have been studied for academic purposes,<br />
there is no real inventory of species for <strong>Gosford</strong>. Given the recorded sightings of threatened and<br />
endangered species along the <strong>Gosford</strong> coastline, this data gap is very significant and needs to<br />
be bridged is these species are to be protected in the area.<br />
The University of Newcastle produced a report entitled Monitoring of Central Coast Rocky Reefs<br />
(Gladstone and Owen, 2002). The report presents the results of the Monitoring of Central Coast<br />
Rocky Reefs project for 2002. The major findings of the monitoring are summarised below:<br />
Fish assemblages of near-estuarine reefs differed from reference reefs in Brisbane Water.<br />
Density of all fishes was less at Lion Island, compared to reference reefs in both sampling<br />
periods (autumn and spring). There were 122 recorded species of fishes representing 39<br />
families and two classes (Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes).<br />
Thirty-seven species of mobile macroinvertebrates (representing two phyla, molluscs and<br />
echinoderms) were monitored over the autumn and spring periods. The majority of species were<br />
uncommon. Assemblages of mobile macroinvertebrates in near-estuarine reefs also differed<br />
from reference reefs in Brisbane Water.<br />
Whilst assemblages of encrusting benthic organisms near-estuarine reefs generally differed<br />
from reference reefs in Brisbane Water, some showed no difference (filamentous algae and<br />
sponges). The study monitored 146 taxa (representing 7 phyla).<br />
<strong>Biodiversity</strong> - Technical Report Page 146