Adverbial Morphemes in Tactile ASL - Gallaudet University
Adverbial Morphemes in Tactile ASL - Gallaudet University Adverbial Morphemes in Tactile ASL - Gallaudet University
PDE – Steven D. Collins Findings and Interpretations _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.1.2. Time Adverbials of time answer one question: When? Following are four examples of this usage as taken from the transcription of the subjects’ video-taped conversation: 4.1.2.1. Example One (Time) Gloss from Transcription: English Translation: Two years ago … Visual ASL: TWO^YEAR PAST / TWO The signer uses a non-manual production of the sign with a facial expression of the head moving from up to down accompanied by a downward eye gaze. The signer would not add the additional TWO at the end of the sign. Tactile ASL: In the production of the sign, the Deaf-Blind individual adds an additional TWO at the end of the sentence Analysis of Variation: In the visual ASL production of the sign, the use of a non-tactile facial expression is sufficient to communicate the adverb. There is no need for the signer to repeat the additional TWO at the end of the sentence. In the Tactile ASL production of the sign, a Deaf-Blind individual is not able to observe the non-tactile portion of the sign and substitutes a second occurrence of TWO at the end of the sentence to clarify the fact that this is an adverb specifying time. 53
PDE – Steven D. Collins Findings and Interpretations _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.1.2.2. Example Two (Time) Gloss from Transcription: WHEN PRO1 CALL-BY-TTY YOU[held] /// YOU WALK-OVER-TO (the phone) CL:Y “pick up the handset from the cradle and set it down” #OR #WHAT WELL? English Translation: When I call you, do you go over to the TTY, pick up the handset and set it [on the TTY], or what? Visual ASL: In visual ASL, the sign for WHEN in “when I call you” is expressed with an upwards tilt of the head and a raising of the eyebrows. It is not explicitly signed. Tactile ASL: In Tactile ASL, the sign for WHEN must be explicitly signed because a Deaf- Blind individual cannot observe the non-manual signal. Analysis of Variation: In the visual ASL production of the sign, the use of a non-tactile facial expression is sufficient to communicate the adverb. There is no need for the signer to sign WHEN. In the Tactile ASL production of the sign, a Deaf-Blind individual is not able to observe the non-tactile portion of the sign and consequently, WHEN must be signed explicitly. 54
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PDE – Steven D. Coll<strong>in</strong>s<br />
F<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gs and Interpretations<br />
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________<br />
4.1.2.2. Example Two (Time)<br />
Gloss from Transcription:<br />
WHEN PRO1 CALL-BY-TTY YOU[held] /// YOU WALK-OVER-TO (the<br />
phone) CL:Y “pick up the handset from the cradle and set it down” #OR<br />
#WHAT WELL?<br />
English Translation:<br />
When I call you, do you go over to the TTY, pick up the handset and set it [on<br />
the TTY], or what?<br />
Visual <strong>ASL</strong>:<br />
In visual <strong>ASL</strong>, the sign for WHEN <strong>in</strong> “when I call you” is expressed with an<br />
upwards tilt of the head and a rais<strong>in</strong>g of the eyebrows. It is not explicitly<br />
signed.<br />
<strong>Tactile</strong> <strong>ASL</strong>:<br />
In <strong>Tactile</strong> <strong>ASL</strong>, the sign for WHEN must be explicitly signed because a Deaf-<br />
Bl<strong>in</strong>d <strong>in</strong>dividual cannot observe the non-manual signal.<br />
Analysis of Variation:<br />
In the visual <strong>ASL</strong> production of the sign, the use of a non-tactile facial<br />
expression is sufficient to communicate the adverb. There is no need for the<br />
signer to sign WHEN. In the <strong>Tactile</strong> <strong>ASL</strong> production of the sign, a Deaf-Bl<strong>in</strong>d<br />
<strong>in</strong>dividual is not able to observe the non-tactile portion of the sign and<br />
consequently, WHEN must be signed explicitly.<br />
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