The chemistry, mineralogy, and rates of transport of sediments in the ...

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52 V TABLE 15 . Estimated mass of susjended sediments (SS a , tons_r 1 ), particulate carbon (PC s ), pa rt iculate nitrogen (PNa ), and particulate phosphorus (PP a , in moles yi 1 )that reaches the Mackenzie Delta and Beaufort Sea from the Peel and Mackenzie Rivers . Based on data in Tables 3, 8, 9, 10 and by extrapolation of these data to unsampled watersheds . The area of deposition of these_ sediments was calculated to be 30,000 km2 , from Mackay (1963) and inspection of ERTS color infrared photographs of the Delta and Beaufort Sea in Summer 1973 and 1974 . e Sedimentation Rate Parameter Mass/year (Mass/area-year) Sediments 115 x 10 6 metric tons yr 1 3 .8kgm 2 yr 1 Particulate Carbon 2 .6 x 10 11 moles yr 1 Particulate Nitrogen 9 .5 x 10 9 moles yr- 1 9 moles C m 2 yr 1 0 .3 moles N m 2yr -1 a Particulate Phosphorus 1 .7 x 10 9 moles yt-1 0 .06 moles P m 2yr 1
9 Q TABLE 16 . A comparison of annual rates of sediment transport in large and small Mackenzie and Porcupine River watersheds with other Arctic, Subarctic and Temperate Zone watersheds . Ad - watershed area in km 2 , Q a - annual discharge in m3 yr- 1, SSw = annual sediment transport per unit watershed area in metric tons km -2 yr-1 . . I River Ad Q A SSw Reference (km2 ) (m 3 vr-1 ) (metric tons km- 2 yr" 1) Yukon, Alaska 955 x 10 3 173 x 109 1n3 Matthews, 1973 Colville, Alaska 50 x 10 3 16 x In 9 15n Arnborg et al ., 1966, 1967 Chena River, Alaska 5 .1 x 1n 3 -1 .7 x 1n 9 17 Prey et al ., 1970 Mississippi 3 .2 x 10 6 563 x in9 85 Ritter, 1967 Colorado 357 x 10 3 -- 378' Ritter, 1967 St . Lawrence 936 x 10 3 315 x 10 9 0 .64 D'Anglejan and Smith, 1973 Columbia 265 x 10 3 -- 35 Ritter, 1967 Large Rivers in Mackenzie Valley, Group 1 in Table 1 14-1570 x to 3 4-285 x 1n9 36-126 This study Mackenzie & Peel 1 .-69 x 1n~ 313 x 109 68 This study Char Lake streams, Cornwallis Is ., N .W .T . 3 .5 49 x 10 4 ,5 .5 de March, 1974, 1975 Hubbard Brook (W6) 0 .13 1n0 1 .n 3 2 .5 Aormann et al ., 1969 Small Rivers in Mackenzie Valley, Croup 2 i n Table 1 0.4-21 x W , 10 3 17-20no x 10 6 0 .17 - 11 .5 This study
Page 1 and 2:
Department of the Environment Minis
Page 3 and 4:
iii TABLE OF-CONTENTS Page List of
Page 5 and 6:
V TABLE 8 . Page Mean annual rates
Page 7 and 8:
vii LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1 .
Page 9 and 10:
ix ABSTRACT Brunskill, G . J ., P .
Page 11 and 12:
xi RESUMt Brunskill, G . J ., P . C
Page 13 and 14: 1 INTRODUCTION In regions of northe
Page 15 and 16: 3 Stream and river bottom sediments
Page 17 and 18: Annual rates of transport were obta
Page 19 and 20: 7 The total mass of sediments remov
Page 21 and 22: 9 Only two clay minerals were found
Page 23 and 24: 11 increased sediment concentration
Page 25 and 26: 13 changes in albedo, and the gener
Page 27 and 28: 15 Increases in the concentrations
Page 29 and 30: 17 which is positively related to w
Page 31 and 32: 19 and velocity (Fig . 1) . For the
Page 33 and 34: 21 It will be necessary to quantify
Page 35 and 36: 23 CONCLUSIONS 1 . For selected riv
Page 37 and 38: 25 REFERENCES Abrahams, A . D . and
Page 39 and 40: 27 Corbel, J . 1964 . L erosion ter
Page 41 and 42: 29 Hughes, 0 . L ., J . J . Veillet
Page 43 and 44: 33 McRoberts, E . C . and N . R . M
Page 45 and 46: 33 Tarnocai, C . 1973 . Soils of th
Page 47 and 48: , 35 e TABLE 2a . Slopes ') and int
Page 49 and 50: 37 i TABLE 2c . Slopes (b) and inte
Page 51 and 52: i 39 b TABLE 3 . Average annual mas
Page 53 and 54: 41 v b TABLE 5 . Cation exchange ca
Page 55 and 56: N c . P TABLE 7a . Ranges of concen
Page 57 and 58: I a m r TABLE 8 . Mean annual rates
Page 59 and 60: 01 TABLE 10. Mean annual rates of t
Page 61 and 62: 49 TABLE 12 . Significance of regre
Page 63: TABLE 14 . Mean concentrations of s
Page 67 and 68: TABLE 17 . cont'd River Year Date S
Page 69 and 70: S TAME 17 . cont'd River Year Date
Page 71 and 72: TABLE 17 . cont'd River Year Date Q
Page 73 and 74: It • TABLE 17 . cont'd River Year
Page 75 and 76: TABLE 17 . cant 'd River Year Date
Page 77 and 78: 2 =0.67 100,000- N E Y a 10,000- Y
Page 79 and 80: c 11 I C- 10 - E n I, 0 10- E e 0.1
Page 81: II (m 3 vnnr - ' v In'6 1 r r, m A
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