Adaptive collaborative management of community forests in Asia ...

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iv • Contents Chapter 5. Muddling Towards Cooperation: Spontaneous Orders and Shared Learning in Malinau District, Indonesia ................................................................. 134 Eva Wollenberg, Ramses Iwan, Godwin Limberg, Moira Moeliono, Steve Rhee and Made Sudana Chapter 6. Facilitating Change from the Inside: Adaptive Collaborative Management in the Philippines .................... 162 Herlina Hartanto Chapter 7. Discussion and Conclusions ................................................................ 208 Cynthia McDougall, Ravi Prabhu and Robert Fisher
Foreword The easy ‘solutions’ offered by centralised resource management no longer work, and the era of top-down decision making is all but over. Some of the new directions that have been proposed include learning-based approaches in place of set management prescriptions, using a broader range of knowledge (including local and indigenous knowledge), dealing with uncertainty and complexity, and of course the sharing of management power and responsibility. Resource management has become not a search for the optimal solution but an ongoing learning and collaboration process for shared problem solving. Adaptive management is a way of dealing with uncertainty and complexity; collaborative management is about sharing management power and responsibility. Adaptive management and collaborative management have been evolving towards a common ground. Adaptive management, without user collaboration, would become a sterile technocratic process; collaborative management, without a learning loop, eventually withers. In our recent book, Adaptive Co-Management: Collaboration, Learning and Multi-Level Governance (University of British Columbia Press, 2007), we found that time-tested collaborative management necessarily becomes adaptive collaborative management, not only in forestry but in a diversity of resource management areas. For forest-dependent peoples of Southeast Asia and elsewhere, making a living in a rapidly changing, globalised world requires continual learning, adaptation and collaboration. Managing forests in a rapidly changing world also requires a process of deliberate social learning and collaborative
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Chapter 7: Discussion and Conclusio
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CIFOR is a leading international fo
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