Adaptive collaborative management of community forests in Asia ...

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170 • Herlina Hartanto San Rafael, Tanabag, Concepcion villages, Puerto Princesa Philippines PACIFIC OCEAN MANILA PALAWAN PROVINCE Figure 6-2. ACM site in Palawan Interviews with several villagers revealed that forest quality had declined over time. Prior to 1970, the villagers observed that forests contained a high diversity of plants, including timber species, in particular almaciga (Agathis damarra), ipil (Instia bijuga), and narra (Pterocarpus indicus). After 1970, when a logging concession started its operation, forest conditions gradually deteriorated, and migrants who practiced shifting agriculture started to settle in the area. To control forest degradation, the state imposed a total logging ban in Palawan in 1992 and the mayor of Puerto Princesa City launched a massive campaign against kaingin (Lorenzo 2001). Analysis of 1992 satellite images undertaken by Palawan Tropical Forest Protection Programme 8 showed that 67 percent of the total 18,110 ha of the administrative areas of the three villages was covered by primary forest (Figure 6-3). The remaining 33 percent, mostly located at the lower region and closer to the settlement and the main road, consisted of secondary forest, brush, and cultivated land. Within the forest itself, only 55.5 percent of the total 5,006 ha was classified as primary forest. The majority of this forest type was located within Barangay Concepcion (Hartanto et al. 2000).
Chapter 6: Facilitating Change from the Inside in the Philippines • 171 Figure 6-3. Forest cover in three barangays and community forest The total population of the three villages in 1999 was 3,597: 1,575 in San Rafael, 1,565 in Concepcion, and 457 in Tanabag. The majority were migrants, and the rest were members of indigenous people, the Tagbanua and Batak. Most of the villagers were engaged in farming and fishing, but some engaged in trading and collection of honey and almaciga resin (Lorenzo 2000). Bukidnon The other ACM research site is a community forest in Basac village in the municipality of Lantapan, Bukidnon province, in north-central Mindanao (Figure 6-4). It lies in the southwestern foothills of Mount Kitanglad, the second-highest peak in Mindanao. Mount Kitanglad is important ecologically and culturally. It has important ecological functions as one
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Copyright © 2007 by Center for Int
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iv • Contents Chapter 5. Muddling
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vi • Foreword problem solving. Th
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viii • About the Contributors God
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Acknowledgements In early 1999, two
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Chapter 1. Introduction: People, Fo
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Chapter 1: Introduction: People, Fo
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Chapter 2: Adaptive Collaborative M
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Chapter 3: Adaptiveness and Collabo
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Chapter 4: Improving Forest Quality
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Chapter 7: Discussion and Conclusio
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CIFOR is a leading international fo
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