Dichlorvos (DDVP) Risk Characterization Document - California ...

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CONCLUSIONS The toxicological risk of potential exposure to <strong>DDVP</strong> was evaluated for occupational, residential, dietary and combined uses based on the inhibition of brain ChE activity, clinical signs, and the finding of mononuclear leukemia in animal studies. Using the conventional benchmark levels, a margin of safety of at least 100 for non-oncogenic effects and a risk level of 1 x 10 -6 or less for oncogenic effects are generally considered sufficiently protective of human health. The exposure levels of only a few groups meet those benchmark levels. Groups which have exposure levels which do not meet the benchmark levels are: all people occupationally exposed to <strong>DDVP</strong> alone and in combination with home exposure on an acute, chronic, and lifetime basis; people exposed through residential use on an acute, chronic, and lifetime basis; and the general population exposed through the diet on a potentially lifetime basis. iii
Contributors and Acknowledgments Principal Author: Toxicology Review: Lori O. Lim, Ph.D., D.A.B.T. Staff Toxicologist (Specialist) Health Assessment Section Medical Toxicology Branch Charles N. Aldous, Ph.D., D.A.B.T. Stanton R. Morris, Ph.D., D.A.B.T. Staff Toxicologist (Specialist) Joyce F. Gee, Ph.D. Senior Toxicologist Data Review Section Medical Toxicology Branch Occupational Exposure: Harvard R. Fong, B.S. Associate Industrial Hygienist Tareq A. Formoli, B.S. Associate Environmental Research Scientist Exposure Assessment Group Worker Health and Safety Branch Dietary Exposure: Peer Reviews: Carolyn J. Rech, B.S. Associate Pesticide Review Scientist Health Assessment Section Medical Toxicology Branch Earl F. Meierhenry, D.V.M., Ph.D. A.C.V.P. Staff Toxicologist (Specialist) Health Assessment Section Medical Toxicology Branch Keith F. Pfeifer, Ph.D., D.A.B.T. Senior Toxicologist Health Assessment Section Medical Toxicology Branch Jay P. Schreider, Ph.D. Primary State Toxicologist Medical Toxicology Branch DPR acknowledges the review of this document by the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency iv
Page 1 and 2: DICHLORVOS (DDVP) RISK CHARACTERIZA
Page 3: transmitter of signals from the ner
Page 7 and 8: List of Tables Pages 1. The acute t
Page 9 and 10: hematocrit) in rats. From studies w
Page 11 and 12: II. INTRODUCTION The human health r
Page 13 and 14: food service facilities); hand-held
Page 15 and 16: G. ENVIRONMENTAL FATE Summary: DDVP
Page 17 and 18: III. TOXICOLOGY PROFILE Pharmacokin
Page 19 and 20: Inhalation - Rat Carworth Farm stra
Page 21 and 22: DIMETHYL PHOSPHATE Oral - Rat Rats
Page 23 and 24: B. ACUTE TOXICITY Summary: The acut
Page 25 and 26: Oral - Human One hundred and eight
Page 27 and 28: Table 1. The acute toxicity of DDVP
Page 29 and 30: Table 1. The acute toxicity of DDVP
Page 31 and 32: Table 2. Selected no-observed-effec
Page 33 and 34: dose-related manner. At a dosage of
Page 35 and 36: pretreatment levels, respectively.
Page 37 and 38: Table 3. Selected no-observed-effec
Page 39 and 40: Gavage - Rat In a study conducted b
Page 41 and 42: ate (Appendix D) and the assumption
Page 43 and 44: Gavage - Mouse In a study conducted
Page 45 and 46: Capsules - Dog DDVP (97.3-99.5% pur
Page 47 and 48: Table 9. The no-observed-effect lev
Page 49 and 50: Mice exposed to DDVP by inhalation
Page 51 and 52: F. REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY Summary: E
Page 53 and 54: Table 11. The dosages and the inhib
Page 55 and 56:
G. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY Summary:
Page 57 and 58:
levels not verified, too few pregna
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H. NEUROTOXICITY Summary: Possible
Page 61 and 62:
IV. RISK ASSESSMENT A. HAZARD IDENT
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Acute Toxicity Inhalation The criti
Page 65 and 66:
ates were not statistically signifi
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In mice, there were dose-related in
Page 69 and 70:
B. EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT The exposure
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The U.S. Department of Agriculture
Page 73 and 74:
Acute Exposure Estimates of potenti
Page 75 and 76:
Table 19. Commodity contribution of
Page 77 and 78:
C. RISK CHARACTERIZATION The potent
Page 79 and 80:
Table 23. The margins of safety for
Page 81 and 82:
Table 25. The margins of safety of
Page 83 and 84:
label between treatment and the ava
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VI. TOLERANCE ASSESSMENT A. BACKGRO
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VII. CONCLUSIONS The toxicological
Page 89 and 90:
Bomhard, E., and M. Rinke, 1994. Fr
Page 91 and 92:
DPR, 1992. Sampling for pesticide r
Page 93 and 94:
Horn, K.-H., B. Teichmann, and T. S
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NTP (National Toxicology Program),
Page 97 and 98:
TAS, 1992a. Exposure 4 . Detailed
Page 99 and 100:
Warf Institute Inc., 1977c. Acute e
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APPENDIX A U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTE
Page 103 and 104:
APPENDIX B Department of Pesticide
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TABLE 2: Percent DDVP Dermal Absorp
Page 107 and 108:
RESIDENT EXPOSURES Environmental mo
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post-treatment, respectively. Glove
Page 111 and 112:
Ross, J.H., H.R. Fong, , T. Thongsi
Page 113 and 114:
APPENDIX C NALED TOXICOLOGY OF NALE
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APPENDIX D CALCULATION EQUATIONS 1.
Page 117 and 118:
APPENDIX E ONCOGENICITY POTENCY CAL
Page 119:
APPENDIX E (continued) ONCOGENICITY
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