the attic stelai - The American School of Classical Studies at Athens

264 W. KENDRICK PRITCHETT
These lots were to remain inalienable. In Aristotle, the passage containing the word
reads: "we may have a system under which plots-of-ground (gepeda) are owned in
severalty, but the crops are brought into a common stock for the purpose of consumption."
24 In both cases, the word refers to division of the cultivated land of the
state, and the Kmti&ov of Eustathius seems hardly an appropriate synonym. In our
lists, it is to be noted that the gepeda are located in town and inland demes and that a
gepedon may be divided into halves. The meaning seems to be 'plot of ground' or
' lot,' but on the basis of the limited evidence, the exact nature and limits of the term
are not determinable.
4 and 9. 8pvtvwcv and wtrvtvW'v. These words make their sole appearance in the
Greek language in our Stele X (line 1). In the case of the second word three letters
are restored, but the ending is clear and this or some analogous word seems required.25
For the word-formation, reference may be made to Schwyzer, Gr. Gram., I, p. 488,
section 5. Dryinon is defined by Liddell-Scott-Jones as ' oak-coppice '; pityinon would
be ' pine-coppice.' The words 8pvk, ' oak,' and wiirvg, ' pine,' were commonly paired.26
For the extensive use of both types of wood in antiquity, reference may be made to
Bliimner, Technologie, II, pp. 260-261 and 283-285.
5. K^7TOs (X, 17). P. Roussel inferred from the use of the word at Delos that a
kepos was an enclosed field which contained no buildings.27 J. H. Kent in his admirable
work on the Delian temple estates restudied the evidence and concluded that kepos
referred to a 'plot of land under cultivation,' since the revenues from the kepoi-estates
were derived from vines, grain, and fruit trees (arable land).28 Non-epigraphical
evidence shows that trees 29 and vegetables (6xaava)30 were grown in kepoi. The word
corresponds, therefore, to English ' garden' and ' orchard.' Buck has written of
kepos and its Indo-European cognates, " there may be specialization of 'garden' to
'flower garden,' ' vegetable garden,' or 'tree garden, orchard.' " "
24
Pol., 1263 a (Barker's translation).
25 See Hesperia, XXII, 1953, pp. 290-291.
26
See Od., IX, 186; II., XIII, 389-390.
27
De'los, Colonie athenienne, Bibliotheque des P-coles Frangaises d'Athenes et de Rome, t. 111,
Paris, 1916, p. 157, note 1.
28
Hesperia, XVII, 1948, p. 318, note 240. In I.G., XI, 2, 287, line 147, it is stated that a brvos
(Kent, op. cit., p. 254, note 25: 'kiln'; Liddell-Scott-Jones: 'kitchen') was situated in a kepos.
29
Plato, Ep., II, 313 A, and Homer, Od., IV, 737. The word kepos occurs only four times in
the Attic Orators: [Demosthenes], XLVII, Against Euergos, 53; L, Against Polykles, 61; Isaios,
V, Estate of Dikaiogenes, 11; and Hyperides, Against Demosthenes, fr. VII (Kenyon). See W. A.
Goligher, Hermathena, LVII, 1941, p. 42.
30 [Demosthenes], L, Against Polykles, 61 and Athenaeus, I 7 c. See also the numerous references
to K dprov kXaXavcvojxEvov in papyri (F. Preisigke, Woerterbuch der griechischen Papyruskunden,
I, Heidelberg, 1924, 793).
31 Buck, Dictionary, p. 490.