the attic stelai - The American School of Classical Studies at Athens

280 W. KENDRICK PRITCHETT
lists the word among those which concern shoemaking 22 and elsewhere enumerates
the tools of the skytotomos as including the shoemaker's last, the awl, and the shoemaker's
knife,23 Hesychius gives the word a wider definition and includes tent-making.
In Aristophanes the word is definitely connected with shoemaking,24 but in Homer the
skytotomos was a maker of shields,25 and in Xenophon the word seems to apply to
more than shoemaking.26 The term seems to have had its origin in the first activity of
the leatherworker, the cutting of the leather,27 and is sometimes used for the fabrication
of all leather goods, but far more frequently in the special sense of shoemaker.
For the goldsmith, reference may be made to I.G., 12, 374, line 103; 12, 1558 B,
line 56; 1559 A, line 23; and to line 19 of D. Hereward's new fragments of I.G., IIT2
10; 28 and for the donkey driver to I.G., 12, 1558 A, line 20; and 1559 B, line 97.29
SOURCES OF SLAVES
Three of the slaves in our lists are characterized as 'born in the house.' 3 This
compares with ten slaves who are designated by foreign ethnics (e.g., - - - r0 YE'vos
Opae) ," and eighteen whose names are formed from such ethnics (e. g., epqa-ra
KaptK6v)."2 Of these eighteen, one was a Greek from Messene.33 In addition, Olas
of X, 7 was presumably a Thracian." There remain eight slaves who have Greek
names, or names which in other contexts are attributed to Greeks.35
If we accept the names as an indication of place of origin-and this assumption
seems safe, since the majority of slaves came from war 36-twenty-eight slaves were
22
VII, 80.
23 X, 141. These tools nmay be well seen on vases illustrating the shoemaker at work, as e.g.,
Cloche, Classes, etc., pl. XXX.
24
Equites,. 740; Lys., 414. Cf. Eccl., 432; Plutus, 162, 514.
25 11., VII, 221.
2" Cyr., VI, 2, 37.
27
German " Reimer." See Bliimner, Technologie, 12, pp. 273 ff., where complete testimonia for
skytotomos have been collected.
28
B.S.A., XLVII, 1952, p. 108.
29
Also see Bliimner, Technologie, IV, p. 303 for many references to the goldsmith.
30 II, 72; 75, and VI, 23: oTKoyEv7VS. In Plato, Men., 82 B, Sokrates asks concerning a slave:
""?EOXyv juev lor KacL iXXAvtet;" to which question, Meno answers: " 7raW 7E -obp, OtKOyEV7 yE." It
may be noted that the late Greek OIKOye'VEa, which means 'the status of an oikogenes,' is the modern
Greek word for 'family'; see Buck, Dictionary, p. 133.
31 I, 9; II, 70, 77, 80; VII, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11, 13.
32 I, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49; VI, 18; X, 9.
33 X, 9.
84 See Hiller ad I.G., I2, 328, line 7.
35Apollophanes (VI, 19), Aristarchos (VI, 21), Aristomachos (VI, 54), Kydimachos (X,
3), Pistos (I, 28), Satyros (VI 22, and X, 25), and Charias (VI, 20). Only one of these names
(Pistos) is not found in Kirchner, P.A.
36 See Glotz, op. cit., p. 230.