RELATIONS OF DOMINANCE AND EQUALITY IN D. H. LAWRENCE
RELATIONS OF DOMINANCE AND EQUALITY IN D. H. LAWRENCE RELATIONS OF DOMINANCE AND EQUALITY IN D. H. LAWRENCE
elation to dominance and submission and this includes not only 'masculine' women who become feminine, like March, but 'feminine' men, like Kenry or the little, soft voiced Cipriano, who prove their masculinity. In the case of Cipriano, for example, he proves his 'masculinity' by killing people who do not agree with the Quetzalcoatl religion or in his sexual sadism with Kate. Also the pattern of X-shaped plots can be said to be the result of Lawrence's desire to 'remarry' his parents in fiction. This 'remarriage' represents the author's wish to redeem his father because he gives him the upper hand — the blood conscious male Who becomes 'superior' to the mind-conscious woman. Apart from this, Lawrence also attempts to create a new kind of relationship which may replace the man-to-woman relation. This new relation begins in Women in Love through the frustrated Blutbruderschaft between Gerald and Birkin and is fully developed in the period of the leadership novels. At first bloodbrotherhood is seen as additional to marriage but in Lawrence's leadership phase it becomes the alternative to marriage. The Plumed Serpent is where this relation seems more successful because Ramon and Cipriano are still together by the end of the novel in a clear reference to the author's predilection for the relation between men. The woman is seen as an intruder and she no longer is the most important partner for the man. However, this period in which the friendship between men replaces the relation between man and woman is still a period of conflict because bloodbrotherhood is something related to the darkness. In daylight these men are still married to women and this seems to imply that the author is not really convinced that man and man form the ideal pair. That seems why the author is divided in himself when he has to end his books. The open-endings of his
stories show his internal conflict in terms of the fierce battle between his feelings. conscious intention and his unconscious Feelings always contradict the author's intention. This is perhaps a clear sign of the author's artistic honesty and because of this the conflict of the characters is never fully solved. And although the author sometimes tries to press his thumb in the scale to favor his intentions, he does not achieve it because his feelings are stronger and, therefore, there is always ambiguity in the way he finishes his stories. As for the theme of 'star-polarity' or balance in the whole opus of the author, I believe that it does not exist. It is more a question of who in the relation has sufficient strength to fight off the partner who wants to dominate. The so-called union of body and soul could not be reconciled or united by Lawrence. He simply could not do it in any of his stories. Here, I repeat, perhaps.the most 'balanced' relation seems to be Birkin and Ursula's, but we know that Birkin is a chauvinist and Ursula may succumb at his feet, although she protests against this side of her lover's theory. In the whole opus there is not really a balanced 'marriage' between the two halves of the self. Daleski and Sagar, for instance, think that in The Rainbow and Women in Love, specifically, there is a successful presentation of balance between the couples. But there is not. Balance between the characters implies balance between conflicting impulses (male vs female, body vs soul) in the author. This is not really reconciled. In the novels of the leadership phase, the search for balance is replaced by the search for power, for dominance. It may be useful here to quote from Mark Schorer's essay "On 3 Lady Chatterley's Lover" where Schorer discusses the distinction 3 Modern British Fiction (New York, 1961).
- Page 339 and 340: 330 himself, his nakedness, his min
- Page 341 and 342: 332 is no beyond" and where only me
- Page 343 and 344: :334 thing. She resented being made
- Page 345 and 346: 336 because he really is an author
- Page 347 and 348: 338 strong element is the meeting b
- Page 349 and 350: 340 novelist, deals with people in
- Page 351 and 352: 342 fit his own personality. More m
- Page 353 and 354: 344 novella analysed in this disser
- Page 355 and 356: 346 to that fatal place. Another fa
- Page 357 and 358: 348 Byrne's last speech implies tha
- Page 359 and 360: 350 There is a basic hostility in a
- Page 361 and 362: 352 him. The turning to the city al
- Page 363 and 364: 35 4- being. In fourth place comes
- Page 365 and 366: 356 Although it may seem strange to
- Page 367 and 368: "358- following novels. Women in Lo
- Page 369 and 370: 360 The very end of the novel shows
- Page 371 and 372: 262 in the end of Women in Love ill
- Page 373 and 374: 564 that she wants a balanced relat
- Page 375 and 376: 366 wanted her to give herself with
- Page 377 and 378: 368 he can do no more in his own vo
- Page 379 and 380: 370 the conclusion that in Mexico t
- Page 381 and 382: 37-2- don't'". Her reply to this do
- Page 383 and 384: 37-4 the masculine side. Also, anot
- Page 385 and 386: 376 Ursula, in a rejected fragment
- Page 387 and 388: 37.8 a personality to compete with
- Page 389: 380 the one which shows the most su
- Page 393 and 394: 384 perfect union in human beings
- Page 395 and 396: 386 Lawrence, D.H. Sons and Lovers,
stories show his internal conflict in terms of the fierce battle<br />
between his<br />
feelings.<br />
conscious intention and his unconscious<br />
Feelings always contradict the author's intention.<br />
This is perhaps a clear sign of the author's artistic honesty and<br />
because of this the conflict of the characters is never fully<br />
solved.<br />
And although the author sometimes tries to press his<br />
thumb in the scale to favor his intentions, he does not achieve<br />
it because his feelings are stronger and, therefore, there is<br />
always ambiguity in the way he finishes his stories.<br />
As for the theme of 'star-polarity' or balance in the whole<br />
opus of the author, I believe that it does not exist.<br />
It is more<br />
a question of who in the relation has sufficient strength to<br />
fight off the partner who wants to dominate.<br />
The so-called union<br />
of body and soul could not be reconciled or united by Lawrence.<br />
He simply could not do it in any of his stories.<br />
Here, I repeat,<br />
perhaps.the most 'balanced' relation seems to be Birkin and<br />
Ursula's, but we know that Birkin is a chauvinist and Ursula may<br />
succumb at his feet, although she protests against this side of<br />
her lover's theory.<br />
In the whole opus there is not really a<br />
balanced 'marriage' between the two halves of the self.<br />
Daleski<br />
and Sagar, for instance, think that in The Rainbow and Women in<br />
Love, specifically, there is a successful presentation of<br />
balance between the couples. But there is not. Balance between<br />
the characters implies balance between conflicting impulses<br />
(male vs female, body vs soul) in the author. This is not really<br />
reconciled.<br />
In the novels of the leadership phase, the search<br />
for balance is replaced by the search for power, for dominance.<br />
It may be useful here to quote from Mark Schorer's essay "On<br />
3<br />
Lady Chatterley's Lover" where Schorer discusses the distinction<br />
3 Modern British Fiction (New York, 1961).