A Deterministic Evaluation of eismic Fidelity using Velocity Modeling ...

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From the interpretation of salt it appears that a transition from active diapirism to passive diapirism took place as the salt progresses upward through the section. I based my interpretation of the salt tectonics on the changes in salt geometry and the structural components associated with the salt. Improvements in the resolution provide detailed data to calculate a kinematic ratio of A/R and R/A of the salt. A kinematic ratio is a method used to determine the growth stage of the salt dome. I also used structural data such as radial faults to identify the growth stage of the salt dome. My stratigraphic interpretations were also considerably more detailed with the PSDM volume. Of particular interest is the imaging of stream channels not imaged in the PSTM. These gave a more precise understanding of the stratigraphy and specifically the drainage systems around Vinton Dome in the Miocene. Improved resolution near the salt also provided the ability to see the influence of salt on the dip of the beds and potential areas of sand ponding. Structural features such as the dips of beds can be significant in terms of petroleum exploration. With these data strata can be imaged beneath salt overhangs that previously were not imaged; these can be potential hydrocarbon traps. These features are also significant in understanding the salt tectonics. Other features relevant to salt tectonics are the large growth fault that controls the salt movement and the smaller radial faults that indicate passive or active diapirism. These data strongly indicate that the large controlling fault is a high angle, counter regional growth fault, further substantiating the 132
interpretation of the high angle growth fault in the presence of numerous radial faults on the southern side of the fault radiating from the salt dome. Radiating faults away from the salt dome on the footwall of a growth fault is typical of where active diapirism is taking place and further indicates the fault is counter regional. 133
Page 1 and 2:
Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Summary
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1.2.1 Geology Vinton Dome is a pier
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layer in land data that in extreme
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logs as being an effective approach
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Chapter 2 Geology of Vinton Dome 2.
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The Gulf of Mexico Basin contains U
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developed from repetitive episodes
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of the upper Frio. Overlying the lo
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structures form by the differential
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Dividing the Gulf of Mexico Basin i
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2.6 Geologic Modeling Historically,
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2.6.1 Vinton Geology Analysis of se
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surface and a number of small subma
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established the Mississippi delta a
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Figure 2. Outline of the extents of
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Figure 6. Salt sediment contacts us
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Figure 10. Fault pattern representa
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Figure 14. Stratigraphic column of
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Top Hackberry Sand Hackberry Base N
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Figure 18. Structure map contoured
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Gyroidina scalata Outer shelf Gyroi
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Upper Frio Sands A Sand base B Sand
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Top Anahuac Middle Shelf Heterosteg
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Miocene sands Figure 27. Spontaneou
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Vinton Dome Figure 30. Late Miocene
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3.1 Introduction Chapter 3 Processi
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3.3 Processing My primary objective
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38-42). For QC I would brute stack
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Another significant issue was to id
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Table 2 Final processing flow Input
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Number of stacked traces 12.5km 12.
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TWT seconds a 12.5km TWT seconds b
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TWT seconds 12.5km Figure 38. Brute
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Chapter 4 Velocity Modeling and Pre
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quality motivated a reassessment of
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The layer-based approach is much mo
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of seismically derived velocities.
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To test differences between seismic
Page 81 and 82: ased data, indicating higher fideli
Page 83 and 84: 4.5 Conclusions and Discussion I co
Page 85 and 86: By using sonic logs the velocities
Page 87 and 88: Figure 50. Velocity cube of the sed
Page 89 and 90: Velocity in ft/sec Figure 52. Prest
Page 91 and 92: Depth in kilo-feet a. b. Figure 56.
Page 93 and 94: Figure 59. Graphic user interface s
Page 95 and 96: Truncation of sediment onto salt a
Page 97 and 98: s 1 s 1 S e C 0 1 O W 34 M M 0 C a
Page 99 and 100: Prestack time migrated velocity mod
Page 101 and 102: Salt on PSTM Prestack time migrated
Page 103 and 104: Time in seconds Bright spot 12.5km
Page 105 and 106: PSTM prestack time well-based migra
Page 107 and 108: attributes also provided me with an
Page 109 and 110: types of coherence. The first type
Page 111 and 112: comparisons, those at the same dept
Page 113 and 114: Identifying reduced fidelity in the
Page 115 and 116: Faults Channel Figure 72. PSTM cohe
Page 117 and 118: Depth slice of coherence cube from
Page 119 and 120: Compartmentalized faults 5895 feet
Page 121 and 122: Well-based PSDM - faults traced fro
Page 123 and 124: Channel Radial faults 3985 feet a C
Page 125 and 126: Well-based PSDM Prestack time migra
Page 127 and 128: Well-based PSDM Faults imaged with
Page 129 and 130: structure and they must complement
Page 131: Imaged poorly was a fault identifie
Page 135 and 136: Inline 1391 well-based PSDM Inline
Page 137 and 138: Figure 83. Interpretation showing t
Page 139 and 140: Channel nnen a Channel b Figure 85.
Page 141 and 142: yet there are several issues regard
Page 143 and 144: 7.2.3 Attributes I used attributes
Page 145 and 146: seismic data provided a more detail
Page 147 and 148: educed the noise in the field data
Page 149 and 150: PSDM data to evaluate velocity mode
Page 151 and 152: 10, Society of Exploration Geophysi
Page 153 and 154: Marfurt, K. J., Kirlin, R. L., Farm
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