NM 532 Curve Correction Project - New Mexico Department of ...

Notice of Environmental Assessment 

Availability 

March 15 through April 15, 2013 

NM 532 Curve Correction Project 

CN 2101140 

Ski Apache 

NM 48 

NM 532 MP 12.0 

Texas Turn MP 6.89-7.05 

Axle Bend Curve MP 8.21-8.37 

Last Curve MP 11.86-11.95 

Alto 

NM 532 MP 0.0 

Project Purpose: The New Mexico Department of Transportation (NMDOT), in cooperation with 

the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), proposes to construct the following three curves in 

Lincoln County, New Mexico: Texas Turn at milepost (MP) 6.89-7.05, Axle Bend Curve at MP 8.21- 

8.37, and Last Curve at MP 11.86-11.95. The purpose of the NM 532 Curve Correction Project is 

to improve safety conditions between MP 0.0 and MP 12.0 while considering the need of local 

residents, forest visitors, and the Mescalero Apache Tribe. 

Project Summary: Texas Turn, Axle Bend Curve, and Last Curve are proposed for extensive 

reconstruction based on their priority for improvements. Work would entail increasing the curve 

radii and correcting the curve grades. At each curve, a retained soil system (RSS) wall would be 

constructed using additional native fill. The RSS would consist of a geo-grid embankment 

constructed at a 0.5:1 slope with rock-filled baskets fro the wall face. Perforated drainpipes and 

subsurface drain outlets would be installed as part of the RSS wall. Guardrail would be installed at 

the top of the embankment. Energy dissipaters or other similar slope protection measures would be 

installed in areas where drainage has caused severe erosion. On the upslope side of Axle Bend 

Curve, some rock would be excavated and removed. No blasting would occur. Rock or slope 

protection would be used to create a stablized rock-cut face only if unstable rock is encountered. 

Environmental Assessment Availability: The environmental assessment will be available for 

review during a 30-day comment period beginning on March 15, 2013 and ending on April 15, 

2013. The environmental assessment may be viewed on the internet on the following web site: 

http://dot.state.nm.us/en/Projects.html. The environmental assessment may also be viewed at the 

following locations: 

Ruidoso Public Library 

NMDOT District 2 Office 

107 Kansas City Road 4505 West Second 

Ruidoso, New Mexico 

Roswell, New Mexico 

Comments: Written comments will may be mailed, faxed, or emailed to to Eric Johnson, Marron 

and Associates, 7511 Fourth Street NW, Albuquerque, NM 87107, phone (505) 898-8848, fax 

(505) 897-7847, and email eric@marroninc.com. Written comments are due by April 15, 2013.

NM 532 Curve Correction Project 

MP 0.0 - MP 12.0 

CN 2101140 

Lincoln County, New Mexico 

Environmental Assessment 

New Mexico Department of Transportation 

Federal Highway Administration 

March 2013

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

1.0 SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................1 

2.0 PURPOSE AND NEED, HISTORY, AND EXISTING CONDITIONS ....................................4 

2.1 Project Purpose and Need ......................................................................................................4 

2.2 Project History .......................................................................................................................4 

2.3 Traffic Conditions ..................................................................................................................4 

2.4 Roadway Conditions ..............................................................................................................6 

2.5 Drainage ................................................................................................................................6 

2.6 Right-of-way ..........................................................................................................................6 

3.0 ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED ................................................................................................7 

3.1 Alternatives Considered but Eliminated from Further Consideration ...................................7 

3.2 No-Build Alternative .............................................................................................................7 

3.3 Recommended Build Alternative ..........................................................................................7 

4.0 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT AND IMPACTS ..........................................................................9 

4.1 General Project Setting ..........................................................................................................9 

4.2 Landforms and Geology ........................................................................................................9 

4.3 Soils ................................................................................................................................9 

4.4 Surface and Ground Water ..................................................................................................10 

4.5 Wetlands ..............................................................................................................................10 

4.6 Vegetation ............................................................................................................................11 

4.7 Fish and Wildlife .................................................................................................................11 

4.8 Threatened and Endangered Species ...................................................................................11 

4.9 Cultural Resources ...............................................................................................................13 

4.10 Climate and Air Quality .......................................................................................................13 

4.11 Noise ..............................................................................................................................13 

4.12 Visual Resources .................................................................................................................14 

4.13 Communities and Land Use .................................................................................................14 

4.14 Socioeconomics and Environmental Justice ........................................................................14 

4.15 Section 4(f) Properties .........................................................................................................15 

4.16 Wilderness and Protected Areas ..........................................................................................16 

4.17 Farmland ..............................................................................................................................16 

4.18 Right-of-way ........................................................................................................................16 

4.19 Multi-Modal Transportation ................................................................................................16 

4.20 Recreation ............................................................................................................................16 

4.21 Hazardous Substances .........................................................................................................17 

4.22 Cumulative Impacts .............................................................................................................17 

4.23 Indirect Impacts ...................................................................................................................17 

4.24 Conclusions ..........................................................................................................................17 

5.0 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT ............................................................................................................18 

5.1 Public Involvement and Local Coordination .......................................................................18 

5.2 Agency Coordination ...........................................................................................................18 

6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COMMITMENTS ......................................................................................19 

i 

March 2013 CN 2101140

APPENDICES 

A Project Plans 

B Agency Correspondence 

C Bibliography 

FIGURES 

1.1 Project Area Map .................................................................................................................2 

1.1 Curve Location Map ............................................................................................................3 

2.1 Fire Perimeter Map ..............................................................................................................5 

3.1 Photograph of Texas Turn ...................................................................................................8 

3.2 Photograph of Axle Bend Curve ..........................................................................................8 

3.3 Photograph of Last Curve ....................................................................................................9 

4.1 Ground photograph of area affected by 2012 Little Bear Fire along NM 532 ..................12 

4.2 Aerial photograph of area affected by 2012 Little Bear Fire along NM 532 ....................12 

TABLES 

2.1 2001-2005 Crash Numbers and Locations ...........................................................................6 

4.1 Socioeconomic Characteristics NM 532 Region ...............................................................15 

5.1 NM 532 Public Involvement Meetings ..............................................................................18 

6.1 Environmental Commitments ............................................................................................19 

ii 

March 2013 CN 2101140

NM 532 Curve Correction Project Environmental Assessment 

1.0 SUMMARY 

The New Mexico Department of Transportation (NMDOT), in cooperation with the Federal Highway 

Administration (FHWA), proposes to reconstruct three curves of the NM 532 roadway in Lincoln County, 

New Mexico (see Figure 1.1). NM 532 is a rural arterial roadway that extends from NM 48 in Alto to 

Ski Apache, and it provides the only roadway access to Ski Apache and nearby areas on the Lincoln 

National Forest. The project area is located within NMDOT District 2. The NM 532 Curve Correction 

Project is listed in the Fiscal Year (FY) 2012-2015 Statewide Transportation Improvement Program 

(STIP) Amendment 4 as control number (CN) 2101140. The NM 532 Curve Correction Project EA was 

developed in accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), NMDOT Location Study 

Procedures (NMDOT, 2000) and Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Technical Advisory T 

6640.8A, 23 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Parts 771 and 772, and other applicable guidelines and 

regulations. 

The purpose of the NM 532 Curve Correction Project is to improve traffic and safety conditions between 

MP 0.0 and MP 12.0 while considering the needs of local residents, forest visitors, and the Mescalero 

Apache Tribe. The project need is based on the following conditions: insufficient shoulder width; 

roadway geometry does not meet current standards resulting in several sharp curves; post-fire soil erosion 

undercuts the roadway, steep drop-offs next to driving lanes; limited signage to inform drivers of roadway 

conditions; lack of pull-off areas; poor pedestrian access at scenic areas; extensive maintenance needs; 

and economic viability of recreation-related businesses. 

The following three curves are proposed for extensive reconstruction: Texas Turn at MP 6.89-7.05, Axle 

Bend Curve at MP 8.21-8.37, and Last Curve at MP 11.86-11.95 (see Figure 1.2). These curves have 

been identified as priority for improvements. Work would entail increasing the curve radii and correcting 

the curve grades. At each curve, a retained soil system (RSS) wall would be constructed using additional 

native fill. The RSS would consist of a geo-grid embankment constructed at a 0.5:1 slope with rock-filled 

baskets for the wall face. Perforated drainpipes and subsurface drain outlets would be installed as part of 

the RSS wall. Guardrail would be installed at the top of the embankment. Energy dissipaters or other 

similar slope protection measures would be installed in areas where drainage has caused severe erosion. 

On the upslope side of Axle Bend Curve, some rock would be excavated and removed. No blasting 

would occur. Rock or slope protection would be used to create a stabilized rock-cut face only if unstable 

rock is encountered. 

The current proposed typical section would consist of two 11-foot travel lanes, two 3-foot shoulders, and 

two 2.5 foot tapers. Existing vehicle pull-off areas at each curve would be paved. In some areas, slopes 

would be excavated and additional fill would be placed. Walls, guardrails, and signs would be installed in 

some sections. 

The total estimated project cost for the Recommended Build Alternative is $1.8 million. Construction of 

the project would begin in 2013. 

This EA concludes that the Recommended Build Alternative meets the purpose and need of the proposed 

project and is not expected to have significant adverse social, economic, or environmental impacts that 

will warrant an Environmental Impact Statement. Unless significant impacts are identified as a result of 

public review, a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) will be requested from FHWA. If a FONSI is 

issued, it will provide approval for final design and construction of NM 532 at Texas Turn at MP 6.89- 

7.05, Axle Bend Curve at MP 8.21-8.37, and Last Curve at MP 11.86-11.95. 

March 2013 1 CN 2101140

11 

EOP 

(Mile Post 12.0) 

San Juan Rio Arriba Taos 

Los Alamos Mora 

Harding 

McKinley Sandoval 

San Miguel 

Santa Fe 

Cibola 

Guadalupe Quay 

Valencia Torrance 

Curry 

De Baca 

Catron Socorro 

Roosevelt 

Lincoln 

Sierra 

Grant 

Otero 

Doña Ana 

Luna 

Hidalgo 

Colfax 

Union 

Chaves 

Eddy 

Last Curve 

MP 11.86-11.95 

Project Area 

Lea 

11 

Nogal Peak, NM (1982) 

USGS 7.5' Quadrangle 

10 

Legend 

8 


6 

7 

Axle Bend Curve 

MP 8.21-8.37 

Texas Turn 

MP 6.89-7.05 

4 

532 

¬«NM 


Angus, NM (1982) 

2 

3 

± 

T10S, R13E; 

Lincoln National Forest 

Unplatted Lands 


1:47,000 

0 0.5 1 1.5 

Kilometers 

BOP 

(Mile Post 0.0) 

Marron 

and Associates, Inc. 

9 

8 

NM 532 

Proposed Upgrades 

Figure 1.1 

Project Area Map 

10

Texas Turn 

MP 6.89-7.05 


MP 11.86-11.95 

San Juan Rio Arriba Taos Colfax Union 


Harding 


San Miguel 

Santa Fe 

Project Area Cibola 

Guadalupe Quay 


Curry 

De Baca 

Catron Socorro Lincoln Roosevelt 

!( 

Sierra 

Grant 

Otero 

LunaDoña Ana 

Hidalgo 

Chaves 

Eddy 

Lea 

LEGEND 



Curve Locations 

¬«NM 





MP 8.21-8.37 

± 

T10S, R13E; 


Marron 


and Associates, Inc. 


1:30,000 

0 0.5 1 

Kilometers 


Curve Improvement 

Figure 1.2 

Curve Location Map


2.0 PURPOSE AND NEED, HISTORY, AND EXISTING CONDITIONS 

2.1 Project Purpose and Need 

The purpose of the NM 532 Curve Correction Project is to improve traffic and safety conditions between 

MP 0.0 and MP 12.0 while considering the needs of local residents, forest visitors, and the Mescalero 

Apache Tribe. The project need is based on the following conditions: 

• Insufficient shoulder width; roadway geometry does not meet current standards resulting in 

several sharp curves; 

• Post-fire soil erosion undercuts the roadway; 

• Steep drop-offs next to driving lanes; 

• Limited signage to inform drivers of roadway conditions; 

• Lack of pull-off areas; 

• Poor pedestrian access at scenic areas; 

• Extensive maintenance needs; and 

• Economic viability of recreation-related businesses. 

2.2 Project History 

Initially NM 532 was established as an unpaved road to provide access to Ski Apache, which opened in 

1961. The road was later paved in 1965 (Kidder and Brunell, 2009). During the next 40 years, the road 

was maintained, but no major improvements were constructed until 2008 when NMDOT constructed 

roadway and slope improvements in selected sections that were failing. In 2006, NMDOT initiated a 

corridor study to inventory existing conditions and development alternatives for improving access 

between the NM 48 intersection at MP 0.0 and Ski Apache at MP 12.0. NMDOT contracted with Smith 

Engineering Company (Smith) to prepare the corridor study. To obtain public input on the NM 532 

Curve Correction Project, NMDOT and Smith held a series of public meetings in Ruidoso during the fall 

2006 to identify and rank issues of concern. Local stakeholders including local residents, skiers, local 

businesses, Mescalero Apache Tribe, and Lincoln National Forest attended the meetings. The top four 

issues as ranked by stakeholders were: 

• Safety – risk of serious injury or death; 

• Safety – emergency medical services (EMS) response time to Ski Apache; 

• Local economy – increasing business at Ski Apache; and 

• Local economy – revenues of local businesses. 

The NM 532 Corridor Study recommended constructing a gondola between Eagle Lakes and Ski Apache 

and improving the existing NM 532 alignment as two viable alternatives. The Mescalero Apache Tribe 

subsequently received funding from the NMDOT to further develop these alternatives for moving the 

project forward. The Mescalero Apache Tribe intends to eventually identify a funding source and 

develop plans for constructing a gondola. Since gondola funding is not likely to be obtained in the next 

1-3 years, a decision was made to focus on improving NM 532 between MP 0.0 and MP 12.0 since such 

improvements would have a lower cost and have a higher probability of obtaining funding. In 2009 and 

2010, preliminary plans were prepared, and initial environmental studies were conducted for Texas Turn, 

Axle Bend Curve, and No Last Curve. In 2012, the plans and environmental studies were updated and are 

presented in this EA as the NM 532 Curve Correction Project. The Little Bear Fire burned many areas 

along the project area during the summer of 2012 (see Figure 2.1). 

2.3 Traffic Conditions 

NM 532 is an undivided two-lane roadway that extends from the NM 48 intersection in Alto to Ski 

Apache. The roadway section covered in this EA document extends from the NM 48 intersection at MP 

0.0 to Ski Apache at MP 12.0. 

March 2013 4 CN 2101140

San Juan Rio Arriba Taos Colfax 

Union 


Harding 


San Miguel 

Santa Fe 

Cibola Bernalillo Guadalupe Quay 


Curry 

De Baca 

Catron Socorro 

Lincoln 

Roosevelt 


Chaves 

Sierra 

Grant 

Lea 

Otero 

Doña Ana 

Eddy 

Luna 

Hidalgo 


MP 11.86-11.95 

LEGEND 

Curves 

Fire Perimeter 



Texas Turn 

MP 6.89-7.05 



NM 



MP 8.21-8.37 

T10S, R13E; 




0 0.5 1 

Kilometers 

0 0.5 1 1:36,210 

Miles 


Curve Improvement 

Figure 2.1 

Fire Perimeter Map


During most of the year, NM 532 has little traffic, and traffic flow is acceptable. Drivers tend to be 

cautious and drive slowly in response to the steep drop-offs, difficult curves, and lack of sight distance 

and passing lanes. Drivers become especially cautious when the roadway is covered in ice and snow. 

Traffic increases during peak ski season. The average annualized traffic volume was 663 vehicles per day 

in 2007. During ski season, peak hour traffic can reach 1,298 vehicles per hour, and 20-year projections 

foresee peak hour traffic volumes of 3,200 vehicles per hour (Smith, 2008). 

Forty-eight crashes occurred along NM 532 from 2001 through 2005 based on police reports (see Table 

2.1). Additional crashes have occurred on NM 532 but were not reported to the police based on 

information provided by local residents. There have been no documented fatality crashes on NM 532. 

Crash locations were dispersed along NM 532 although it appears that most crashes occurred at sharp 

curves or at the NM 48 intersection. 

Table 2.1 2001-2005 Crash Numbers and Locations 

Road Section 

Number of Crashes 

MP 0.0 to MP 4.0 18 

MP 4.8 to MP 8.0 11 

MP 8.0 to MP 11.9 19 

Source: Smith (2008) 

2.4 Roadway Conditions 

NM 532 from MP 0.0 to MP 12.0 is characterized by steep grades and several sharp curves. NM 532 has 

a posted speed limit of 25 mph, but it does not meet current AASHTO design standards for this posted 

speed limit. The existing typical section consists of two travel lanes, varying in width from 11 to 12 feet. 

The roadway has narrow gravel shoulders of 0 to 2 feet in width. The lane widths are often further 

reduced during winter due to snowdrifts and piles of plowed snow. Steep drop-off sections and rocky 

near-vertical cliffs exist outside the narrow shoulders, providing little to no room for emergency pull-off 

areas. 

Adjoining slopes are rocky in many areas and some are unstable. Erosion as a result of the 2012 Little 

Bear Fire has undercut portions of the roadway. Shoulder space, guardrail, road striping, and clear zones 

are lacking along most of NM 532. The 0-2 foot shoulders are next to either steep drop-offs or vertical 

cliff sections. Except for the guardrail improvements constructed in 2008, most of the roadway guardrails 

do not meeting AASHTO standards. Many of the drainage culverts are not separated from the roadway 

with the minimal acceptable clear zone horizontal distance or guardrail. Any vehicle that accidentally 

leaves the roadway surface is likely to encounter a steep drop-off, vertical cliff section, or drainage 

culvert. 

2.5 Drainage 

The NM 532 Project Area is located within the Eagle Creek and Rio Ruidoso watersheds of the Hondo 

basin. The steep slopes along NM 532 allow for good roadway drainage with little ponding of water. 

Some of the drainage structures need improvement. 

2.6 Right-of-way 

Most of the NMDOT right-of-way along NM 532 has limited available space for roadway widening 

because of steep slopes. The right-of-way is 132 feet wide on land used under a permit from the Lincoln 

National Forest. Lands bordering the right-of-way are owned by the Lincoln National Forest. 

March 2013 6 CN 2101140


3.0 ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED 

This section discusses the alternatives under consideration for meeting the project purpose and need. The 

alternatives were developed and refined during the development of preliminary project concepts and 

plans. The Recommended Build Alternative was carried through the environmental analysis discussed in 

Section 4.0 of this document. 

3.1 Alternatives Considered but Eliminated from Further Consideration 

New roadway alternatives were considered but eliminated because of their high costs, challenging 

constructability, and potential for substantial environmental damage with construction in active stream 

channels and undisturbed habitat (Smith, 2008). Construction of a gondola is still considered a viable 

alternative, but no funding for a gondola is expected to be identified or available within the foreseeable 

future. 

3.2 No-Build Alternative 

Under the No Build Alternative, roadway improvements would not be constructed. Sharp curves would 

not be modified. The roadway would not be reconstructed. No guardrail would be added. Safety 

concerns related to the sharp curves and steep drop-offs without guardrail would continue. NMDOT 

would continue to implement a high level of maintenance in order to keep NM 532 functional. The 

average annual maintenance cost for the curves has been approximately $6,000. 

3.3 Recommended Build Alternative 

Roadway 

The existing roadway would be reconstructed from the BIA 21 / Eagle Lakes intersection at MP 0.0 to the 

Ski Apache entrance at MP 12.0. The design speed would be 40 mph. Sharp curves and steep grade 

sections would have a 20-35 mph design speed. The posted speed limit would be 35 mph and 15-30 mph 

at sharp curves and steep grades. The typical section would consist of two 11-foot travel lanes, two 3- 

foot paved shoulders, and two 2.5-foot tapers. In some areas, additional fill would be excavated off-site 

and placed for the proposed typical section. RSS walls, guardrail, and signage would be installed in 

some sections. 

Curves 

The following three curves are proposed for extensive reconstruction: Texas Turn at MP 6.89-7.05, Axle 

Bend Curve at MP 8.21-8.37, and Last Curve at MP 11.86-11.95 (see Figures 3.1-3.3). Work would 

entail increasing the curve radii and correcting the curve grades. At each curve, a retained soil system 

(RSS) wall would be constructed using additional native fill. The RSS would consist of a geo-grid 

embankment constructed at a 0.5:1 slope with rock-filled baskets for the wall face. Perforated drainpipes 

and subsurface drain outlets would be installed as part of the RSS wall. Guardrail would be installed at 

the top of the embankment. Energy dissipaters or other similar slope protection measures would be 

installed in areas where drainage has caused severe erosion. On the upslope side of Axle Bend Curve, 

some rock would be excavated and removed. No blasting would occur. Rock or slope protection would 

be used to create a stabilized rock-cut face only if unstable rock is encountered. Paved parking areas/pull 

offs would be constructed at Texas Turn and Last Curve. 

Drainage 

Drainage structures would be repaired to improve drainage at Last Curve, and rip-rap would be installed 

in some areas. At the three curves, perforated drainpipes and subsurface drain outlets would be installed 

as part of the RSS wall. 

March 2013 7 CN 2101140


Right-of-way 

NMDOT would continue to utilize its U.S. Forest Service permitted right-of-way along NM 532. No 

additional right-of-way would be needed at the curves. 

Construction and Sequencing 

The reconstruction of the three curves would be constructed in a single phase. Construction would begin 

in 2013. 

Figure 3.1 Photograph of Texas Turn. 

Figure 3.2 Photograph of Axle Bend Curve. 

March 2013 8 CN 2101140


Figure 3.3 Photograph of Last Curve. 

4.0 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 

This section describes the existing environmental conditions in the project area, evaluates the impacts of 

the proposed action, and suggests mitigation measures for any environmental impacts that cannot be 

avoided. 

The No-Build Alternative does not meet the project need, and in general, has little effect on most 

components of the existing environment. Drainage structures would continue to become silted in with 

reduced effective drainage. The ability of the roadway to serve local residents may decrease as roadway 

conditions deteriorate. The remainder of this section evaluates the Recommended Build Alternative 

described in Section 3.0. 

4.1 General Project Setting 

The Recommended Build Alternative project area is located in Lincoln County, New Mexico (see Figures 

1.1 and 1.2). The project area covers approximately 10.0 acres with approximately 6 acres of vegetation 

disturbance proposed. NMDOT has a permitted right-of-way within the Lincoln National Forest. 

4.2 Landforms and Geology 

Existing Conditions – Volcanic activity created many of the geologic and topographic features of the 

Sierra Blanca region. Sierra Blanca is a composite volcano that erupted about 35 million years ago 

(Chronic, 1987). The NM 532 Project Area is located in the Sacramento Section of the Basin and Range 

Physiographic Province (Williams, 1986). Elevation ranges from 7319 feet above mean sea level (amsl) 

at the NM 48 / NM 532 junction to 10,080 feet along NM 532 between Windy Point and Ski Apache Ski 

Area. Principal geologic formations in the project area are Middle Tertiary volcanic rocks and Tertiary 

intrusive rocks (New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 2003). 

Potential Effects and Mitigation Measures – Correcting design deficiencies would be costly because 

of steep slopes and uneven topography. As with the No Build Alternative, steep grades and sharp curves 

March 2013 9 CN 2101140


create challenging driving conditions. Along the existing alignment, the average grade of 8% would 

remain the same except for minor modifications at curves. Extensive cut and fill construction activities 

would be completed to correct curve geometrics, roadway grade, and slope stability conditions at the 

Texas Turn, Axle Bend Curve, and Last Curve. Rock or slope protection would be used to create a 

stabilized rock-cut face only if unstable rock is encountered. Rock would be excavated mechanically 

without the use of explosives. RSS wall with rock-filled baskets would be installed at the curves. Less 

long-term maintenance would be required. 

4.3 Soils 

Existing Conditions – Soils in the NM 532 Project Area are not well mapped. In general, the soils range 

from deeper alluvial soils in valley bottoms to shallower, rocky soils on mountains side and ridge tops. 

Because of the steeps slopes in many areas, the soils are subject to erosion, slippage, and landslides when 

vegetation is removed. 

Potential Effects and Mitigation Measures – During construction activities, soil excavation and 

disturbance would occur. Approximately 10 acres would be affected. A Stormwater Pollution Prevention 

Plan (SWPPP) containing Best Management Practices (BMPs) to reduce erosion would be prepared prior 

to construction. Slope stabilization and drainage improvements would improve water quality through the 

reduction of erosion and sediment transport. 

4.4 Surface and Ground Water 

Existing Conditions – The NM 532 Project Area is located within the Eagle Creek and Rio Ruidoso 

watersheds of the Hondo basin. The North Fork of the Rio Ruidoso has headwaters in the western part of 

the project area. Eagle Creek, south of NM 532, is a tributary of the Rio Ruidoso, which empties into the 

Rio Hondo near the town of Hondo. A few drainage crossings may be jurisdictional waters subject to 

Section 404 permits. Stream flows in Eagle Creek below South Fork can range from less than 1000 acrefeet 

to 4000 acre-feet per year (Donohoe, 2004). Development is increasing the demand for surface and 

ground water in the Ruidoso area. The 100-year floodplains are not well mapped in this area (Federal 

Insurance Administration, 1977). The project area has an upland location and flooding is not a concern. 

Potential Effects and Mitigation Measures – Reconstruction of the curves would correct drainage 

issues at those locations; however, the existing drainage problems at other sections along NM 532 would 

persist. Construction at Last Curve would not involve modification to the existing drainage culvert or 

work within the Rio Ruidoso. Under current design, Section 404 permitting from the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers (USACE) and Section 401 permitting from the New Mexico Environment Department 

(NMED) would not be necessary. Wetlands at Last Curve are discussed under wetlands in the next 

section. Since the area of disturbance exceeds one acre, the construction contractor will prepare a SWPPP 

as part of obtaining coverage under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) general 

construction activity permit. The SWPPP will include BMPs to minimize soil erosion and sediment 

transport including mitigation measures to protect water quality. Temporary erosion and sediment control 

plans will be included in the plan sets. Slope stabilization and drainage improvements would improve 

water quality through the reduction of erosion and sediment transport. 

4.5 Wetlands 

Existing Conditions – Wetlands are identified by vegetation, soil, and hydrologic indicators diagnostic 

of wetland conditions as defined in the 1987 Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual (USACE, 

1987). Wetlands are present outside of the project area at Last Curve. 

Potential Effects and Mitigation Measures – No wetlands are present at Texas Turn or Axle Bend 

Curve, but wetlands are adjacent to Last Curve. Construction activities will avoid the wetlands at Last 

Curve. Temporary fencing will be constructed around the wetlands to keep construction activities away 

from the wetlands. 

March 2013 10 CN 2101140


4.6 Vegetation 

Existing Conditions –The major vegetation types are montane coniferous forest, subalpine coniferous 

forest, and montane grassland. Montane coniferous woodland has a tree canopy with dominant species 

consisting of ponderosa pine, Douglas fir, and white fir. Subalpine coniferous forest occurs at higher 

elevations than the montane coniferous woodland and has a tree canopy with dominant species consisting 

of corkbark fir and Engelmann Spruce. Montane grassland grows in open areas without a tree canopy 

and is dominated by grasses such as Thurber fescue, Arizona fescue, and Kentucky bluegrass. Large 

areas of gambel oak thickets are also present in the project area. Portions of the project area were burned 

in the 2012 Little Bear Fire (see Figures 2.1, 4.1, and 4.2). 

Potential Effects and Mitigation Measures – Vegetation disturbance would occur at cut and fill areas 

and other roadside areas. Approximately 6 acres of vegetation would be affected. 

4.7 Fish and Wildlife 

Existing Conditions – High quality wildlife habitat occurs along the NM 532 Project Area. The mixture 

of forest cover, open grasslands, and riparian areas with good water sources results in relatively high 

wildlife populations. Both elk and mule deer have large populations and are easily observed. Black bear, 

coyote, striped skunk, and a wide variety of small mammals are present. The mixture of forested and 

open areas with easily accessible water sources provide good bird habitat. Important fish habitat occurs 

downstream of the project area in the North Fork of the Rio Ruidoso, Eagle Creek, and Eagle Lakes. 

Potential Effects and Mitigation Measures – Wildlife habitat disturbance would occur at cut and fill 

areas in the NM 532 Project Area, affecting approximately 6 acres. Any tree cutting or shrub clearing 

would occur outside of the migratory bird nesting season (March 1 through August 30), or a nesting 

survey would be completed prior to tree cutting. Wildlife would be temporarily disturbed during 

construction. BMPs would be needed to ensure protection of fish habitat water quality during and after 

construction. Improved drainage would reduce erosion and sediment transport resulting in improved 

water quality. 

4.8 Threatened and Endangered Species 

Existing Conditions – Three protected species are known to occur along NM 532. The Mexican spotted 

owl is listed as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act. Designated critical habitat for 

the Mexican spotted owl is located adjacent to NM 532. Owls are present in the Carlton protected 

activity center (PAC), which is adjacent to the NM 532 Project Area at Texas Turn. The Sacramento 

Mountain salamander occurs near Last Curve. The salamander is classified as a federal species of 

concern, state threatened, and Forest Service sensitive species. New Mexico stonecrop, a Forest Service 

sensitive species, occurs at locations outside of the project area along NM 532. 

Potential Effects and Mitigation Measures – Renovation of the existing alignment would have no 

effect on federal, state, and U.S. Forest Service listed endangered, threatened, and sensitive protected 

species. Specific mitigation and avoidance measures have been developed for threatened and endangered 

species and are listed in Table 6.1. These measures are focused on the Mexican spotted owl and 

Sacramento Mountain salamander. With these measures, the project would have no effect on the 

Mexican spotted owl since construction activities will be restricted at Texas Turn between March 1 and 

August 30 to mitigate potential impacts to the Mexican spotted owl. The project may affect, not 

adversely affect the Sacramento Mountain salamander. The project would have no effect on other federal 

and state threatened and endangered species. 

March 2013 11 CN 2101140


Figure 4.1 Ground photograph of area affected by 2012 Little Bear Fire along NM 532. 

Figure 4.2 Aerial photograph of area affected by 2012 Little Bear Fire along NM 532. 

March 2013 12 CN 2101140


4.9 Cultural Resources 

Existing Conditions – Pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (16 USC 470), 

NMDOT and FHWA are required to evaluate the potential impacts of the proposed project on cultural 

resources listed or eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Cultural 

resource eligibility and potential for adverse effects are evaluated in consultation with the State Historic 

Preservation Officer (SHPO) at the New Mexico Historic Preservation Division. A cultural resource 

study inventoried and evaluated cultural resources within the project area. No archaeological sites or 

historic properties were found in the project area. 

Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures – No archaeological sites or historic properties would be 

affected by the Recommended Build Alternative. NMDOT has obtained concurrence from the State 

Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) for this determination. 

4.10 Climate and Air Quality 

Existing Conditions – The climate in the NM 532 Project Area has mild summers and cold winters. 

Based on 30-year records, the average annual temperature in Ruidoso is 49.2 degrees Fahrenheit (°F) 

(National Climatic Data Center, 2002). Average maximum temperatures range from 49.5 °F in January to 

81.5 °F in June. Average minimum temperatures range from 19.8 °F in January to 48.6 °F in July. 

Ruidoso’s average annual rainfall is 22.71 inches and ranges from 0.68 inches in April to 4.40 inches in 

August. Because of its higher elevation, the NM 532 Project Area experiences cooler temperatures and 

more precipitation than Ruidoso. 

The Clean Air Act established National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for the following 

criteria pollutants: carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, lead, and airborne 

particulates. Lincoln County is in attainment with the NAAQS. With few emission sources, air quality is 

excellent at the project area. The issue of global climate change is an important national and global 

concern that is being addressed by the federal and state governments. The transportation sector is the 

second largest source of total greenhouse gases (CHGs) in the United States and the largest source of 

carbon dioxide emissions, the predominant CHG. Almost all (98 percent) of transportation-sector 

emissions result from the consumption of petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel fuel, and aviation 

fuel. FHWA is working nationally with other agencies through the Department of Transportation Center 

for Climate Change and Environmental Forecasting. 

Potential Effects and Mitigation Measures – The Recommended Build Alternative would have no 

long-term impact on air quality. Vehicle air emissions are not expected to increase as a result of the 

proposed roadway improvements. Regional air quality is not expected to change, and the project would 

have little effect on global climate change trends. The Council on Environmental Quality guidance 

requires federal agencies to consider how proposed federal actions could affect sources and sinks of 

greenhouse gases and how climate change could potentially be affected. NMDOT is studying energy 

consumption and CHG emissions from New Mexico’s transportation sector. Because climate change is a 

global issue and emissions changes due to the Recommended Build Alternative would be very small 

compared to global totals, the CHG emissions associated with the Recommended Build Alternative were 

not calculated. Short-term dust impacts would occur during construction. Dust control mitigation 

measures are recommended during construction as specified in NMDOT Standard Specifications for 

Highway and Bridge Construction, 1017.14.5 Air Quality Requirements and Dust Abatement. 

4.11 Noise 

Existing Conditions – NMDOT noise policies and procedures are based on FHWA noise regulations and 

are specified in the NMDOT Infrastructure Design Directive IDD-2011-02, Procedures for Abatement of 

Highway Traffic Noise and Construction Noise. Most of the area near the NM 532 Project Area is 

undeveloped. No residences, schools, or hospitals are located within 1.0 mile of the project area. Noise 

from the roadway is audible at the Oak Grove and Eagle Lakes campgrounds and Ski Apache. 

March 2013 13 CN 2101140


Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures – According to NMDOT’s noise policy, noise abatement 

must be considered when predicted traffic noise levels for a particular land use "approach" or exceed the 

noise level threshold defined for its activity category, which is 67 decibels (dBA) for land uses near the 

project area. Noise abatement must also be considered when a roadway project results in a substantial 

increase over existing noise levels. A 10 decibel increase is considered a substantial increase over 

existing noise levels. The Recommended Build Alternative would not produce increased noise levels 

since traffic is not expected to increase substantially as a result of the Recommended Build Alternative. 

4.12 Visual Resources 

Existing Conditions - The NM 532 Project Area has high visual quality. Views from the roadway of 

Sierra Blanca and nearby peaks are distinctive landmarks valued by local residents and visitors. The 

attractive mountainous and forested landscapes near the project area contribute to the area’s high 

recreation value. Key viewpoints along NM 532 include the Windy Point Vista and the Ski Apache 

resort. 

Potential Effects and Mitigation Measures – The Recommended Build Alternative would result in 

minimal modification of existing visual resources. The new cut and fill locations would clear currently 

forested areas and result in minor visual modifications between MP 0.0 and MP 12.0. Proposed road 

improvements would affect the road surface and shoulders but not substantially increase the amount of 

visible rock face or exposed road fill. The cut and fill areas at Texas Turn, Axle Bend Curve, and Last 

Curve would result in moderate visual modifications. Increased areas of rock face and RSS wall would 

be visible. The high quality views of the night sky would not be changed and would comply with the 

New Mexico Night Sky Protection Act. 

4.13 Communities and Land Use 

Existing Conditions – NM 532 is located within the Lincoln National Forest. The forest covers 

approximately 1,103,629 acres with 87% of the land classified as forest and 13% as nonforest (Shaw, 

2006). National forest lands are managed for multiple uses including recreation, wildlife, timber, forest 

fire control, livestock grazing, watershed protection, and wilderness. The Smokey Bear Ranger District, 

based in Ruidoso, manages the portion of the Lincoln National Forest along NM 532. Alto is located 

approximately 2.0 miles east of the project area and is the closest community to the project area. Ruidoso 

and Village of Ruidoso Downs, located about 4-8 miles southeast of the project area, are the main 

regional communities. These communities are where the majority of regional residents reside and include 

most of the region’s commercial establishments. 

Potential Effects and Mitigation Measures – The Recommended Build Alternative would not change 

the undeveloped, rural character of lands along NM 532. Roadway improvements would improve driving 

conditions of travelers to Oak Grove campground, Windy Point Vista, the trailhead at Last Curve, and Ski 

Apache. 

4.14 Socioeconomics and Environmental Justice 

Existing Conditions – An analysis of social impacts includes a consideration of disproportionate impacts 

on particular population groups, loss of community cohesion, changes in accessibility to facilities or 

services, and the displacement of people. Economic impacts include effects on business viability, 

employment, the local tax base, and factors that are relevant to local economic conditions. 

Lincoln County is a rural county with a mixture of private and Lincoln National Forest lands. Lincoln 

County had a population of 20,497 in 2010, which is projected to increase to 24,640 by 2030 (see Table 

4.1). Lincoln County’s projected growth rate is 0.73%, which is lower than the state growth rate of 

1.72%. Census Tract 9604 that covers the project area and surrounding region had a 2010 population of 

6,771. 

March 2013 14 CN 2101140


Table 4.1 Socioeconomic Characteristics NM 532 Region 

Characteristic New Mexico Lincoln 

County 

Census Tract 

9604 

Demographics 

- 2010 Population 2,059,179 20,497 6,771 

- 2030 Projected Population 2,864,796 24,640 -- 

- 2010-2015 Project Annual Population Growth Rate 1.72% 0.73% -- 

2010 Minority Representation 

- Hispanic (any race) 46.3% 29.8% 36.4% 

- White 68.4% 85.1% 85.4% 

- African American 2.1% 0.5% 0.5% 

- Native American 9.4% 2.4% 2.6% 

- Asian 1.4% 0.4% 0.3% 

- Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% 

- Some Other Race 15.0% 9.2% 11.0% 

- Two or More Races 3.7% 2.5% 2.1% 

2006-2010 Economic Data 

Median family income $52,565 $53,871 $50,768 

Per capita income $22,966 $24,290 $23,227 

Family poverty rate 13.9% 8.1% 12.4% 

Individual poverty rate 18.4% 12.9% 17.0% 

Source: U.S. Census Bureau (2012) and University of New Mexico Bureau of Business and Economic Research 

(2008a, 2008b, and 2009) 

During the years 2006-2010, Lincoln County incomes were slightly above the state median family and 

per capita incomes. Median family income in Lincoln County was $53,871, and per capita income was 

$24,290. The state’s median family income was $52,565, and the per capita income was $22,966. The 

poverty rates had a corresponding pattern with a 12.9% individual poverty rate in Lincoln County versus 

a higher 18.4% individual statewide poverty rate. 

Potential Effects and Mitigation Measures - The Recommended Build Alternative is not expected 

to result in population growth or large-scale migration near the project area. The alternative is expected 

to have no effect on populations and incomes in Lincoln County and area communities. There would be a 

slight reduction in travel time to Ski Apache and improved safety. Providing a safer NM 532 roadway 

may increase tourist visits to Ski Apache and the Lincoln National Forest, especially during the winter. 

Increased tourist visitation at Ski Apache and Lincoln National Forest may indirectly benefit the regional 

economy. The project would not have negative impacts on business viability, employment, or the local 

tax base. 

Hispanic/Latino is the largest minority group representing 46.3% of the population in New Mexico, 

29.8% in Lincoln County, and 36.4% in Census Tract 9604. Native Americans represent 2.4% and 

African Americans represent 0.5% of the Lincoln County’s population. In terms of environmental justice, 

the Recommended Build Alternative would not disproportionately impact any identified environmental 

justice populations including low income or minority communities. 

4.15 Section 4(f) Properties 

Existing Conditions – As part of the Section 4(f) requirements, FHWA evaluates projects for impacts on 

public parks, recreation areas, wildlife and waterfowl refuges, and historic sites. FHWA projects are 

required to avoid such lands unless there is no prudent and feasible alternative to using that land. If such 

lands are used, the project must take steps to minimize harm to the land. Potential Section 4(f) properties 

are located at the Eagle Lakes campground operated by the Mescalero Apache tribe, Windy Point 

Overlook, and Oak Grove campground. 

March 2013 15 CN 2101140


Potential Effects and Mitigation Measures – No Section 4(f) properties would be used by the 

Recommended Build Alternative. The Recommended Build Alternative would not use the Eagle Lakes 

campground or Oak Grove campground. 

4.16 Wilderness and Protected Areas 

Existing Conditions – Reserved lands, such as wilderness, are areas that are not designated for 

development, road construction, or timber harvesting. Eight percent of the Lincoln National Forest is 

designated as reserved lands (Shaw, 2006). The 48,873-acre White Mountain Wilderness Area is located 

near MP 11.9. This wilderness area was first designated as a 25,000 acre Primitive Area by Congress in 

1933 and added to the National Wilderness System in 1964 with additional acreage added in 1980 

(Lincoln National Forest, 2007). The White Mountain Wilderness Area can be accessed from NM 532 

near Last Curve via Lookout Trail 78 or Scenic Trail 15. 

Potential Effects and Mitigation Measures – The Recommended Build Alternative would not affect 

any wilderness or other protected areas. Indirect impacts could occur to the White Mountain Wilderness 

if transportation improvements resulted in increased hikers through this wilderness area. 

4.17 Farmland 

Existing Conditions – No cultivated farmland occurs within or adjoins the NM 532 Project Area. 

Adjoining lands are too steep and rocky for crop production. 

Potential Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures – No prime farmland or farmland of statewide 

importance would be affected by the Recommended Build Alternative. 

4.18 Right-of-way 

Existing Conditions – The NMDOT has a 132-foot wide right-of-way along NM 532 under permit with 

the Lincoln National Forest. 

Potential Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures – No additional right-of-way would be needed 

at the three curves. 

4.19 Multi-Modal Transportation 

Existing Conditions – Pedestrian, bicycle, equestrian, and transit opportunities are present in the NM 

532 Project Area. Pedestrians tend to use hiking trails on the Lincoln National Forest, but pedestrians 

occasionally walk along short segments of NM 532. Bicyclists will occasionally ride along NM 532. 

The narrow roadway and sharp curves create some potential for conflicts with vehicles. The need to 

improve bicycle opportunities has been identified in public meetings. Equestrian use is primarily off of 

NM 532 along hiking trails and on the Mescalero Apache Reservation and Lincoln National Forest. 

Equestrian use increases during the summer tourist season and fall hunting season. Shuttle buses 

transport skiers from hotels in Ruidoso and Ruidoso Downs to Ski Apache. Increased use of transit to 

transport skiers as well as summer tourists is possible but would likely require funding assistance. 

Potential Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures – Multi-modal opportunities would improve. 

Roadway improvements would provide pedestrians and bicyclists with more shoulder space. The 

proposed improvements would be minor and pedestrians and bicyclists would still need to share the road 

in some areas. Equestrians would have access to nearby areas but use of NM 532 would be very limited. 

The shuttle bus service would continue and have opportunities to develop increased service. 

4.20 Recreation 

Existing Conditions – The Lincoln National Forest areas near NM 532 have much recreation use 

including skiing, hiking, camping, hunting, fishing, and wildlife watching. Ski Apache is also located on 

the Lincoln National Forest. NM 532 is the only road to Ski Apache, operated by the Mescalero Apache 

Tribe. In addition to the ski area, other popular recreation destinations are located along this roadway 

including the Lincoln National Forest, fishing areas along Eagle Creek, and Windy Point Vista. Several 

March 2013 16 CN 2101140


campgrounds have access off of NM 532 including the Eagle Creek Campground operated by the 

Mescalero Apache Tribe and three U.S. Forest Service campgrounds: Monjeau, Oak Grove, and Skyline 

campgrounds. As mentioned above, tourism is an important component of the regional economy. 

Potential Effects and Mitigation Measures – The Recommended Build Alternative would have no 

impact on recreation. Improvements to NM 532 would improve safety conditions for travelers to 

recreation destinations. No recreation areas would be directly impacted by improvements to NM 532. 

4.21 Hazardous Substances 

Existing Conditions - Hazardous materials are defined by the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act as 

substances or materials that when transported in commerce may create a risk to health, safety, and 

property. Additional hazardous substances are covered under the Comprehensive Environmental 

Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). In addition, the presence of petroleum products 

are considered, since hazardous materials or petroleum products present in the project area would be a 

serious concern to workers’ health and safety, as well as potential cleanup liability. 

The NM 532 Project Area appears to be free of hazardous materials issues. Preliminary records reviews 

and field surveys have not located any hazardous materials sites such as abandoned mines, service 

stations, landfills, illegal dumps sites, or industrial facilities. 

Potential Effects and Proposed Mitigation Measures – No hazardous materials issues have been 

identified at the project area or adjoining lands. During construction, the construction contractor will be 

responsible for managing hazardous substances in compliance with federal and state laws to ensure that 

no contamination occurs. 

4.22 Cumulative Impacts 

Cumulative impacts are defined as the impact that results from the incremental impact of an action when 

added to other past, present, and reasonably foreseeable future actions regardless of what agency or 

person undertakes such other actions. Cumulative impacts can also result from individually minor but 

collectively significant actions taking place over a period of time. No projects are planned within or 

adjacent to the NM 532 Project Area. In future years, periodic improvements will be made to facilities 

and ski lifts at Ski Apache. Conceptual plans have been developed for a gondola that would connect 

Eagle Lakes with Ski Apache. Buildings, parking areas, and a gondola station would be constructed at 

Eagle Lakes, and a gondola station would be constructed at the base of Ski Apache. Extensive 

environmental and engineering studies along with agency coordination would be conducted prior to 

constructing the gondola and ancillary facilities. In the Ruidoso region, residences would continue to be 

constructed on residential lots, and new businesses would locate in Ruidoso and Ruidoso Downs. Local 

governments would construct infrastructure to serve these residences and businesses. No other projects 

that affect the natural environment near the NM 532 Project Area have been identified. 

4.23 Indirect Impacts 

Indirect impacts are defined as indirect effects that are caused by an action later in time or further 

removed in distance but that are still reasonably foreseeable. Indirect effects may include growthinducing 

effects and other effects related to changes in land use, population density or growth rate, and 

the natural environment. The Recommended Build Alternative is not expected to result in any changes to 

regional land use, population density, growth rate, or the natural environment. No growth as a result of 

the project is anticipated in nearby communities. Indirect impacts could occur to the White Mountain 

Wilderness if transportation improvements resulted in increased hikers through the White Mountain 

Wilderness. 

4.24 Conclusions 

This EA concludes that the Recommended Build Alternative meets the purpose and need of the proposed 

project and is not expected to have significant adverse social, economic, or environmental impacts that 

March 2013 17 CN 2101140


will warrant an Environmental Impact Statement. Unless significant impacts are identified as a result of 

public review, a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) will be requested from FHWA. If a FONSI is 

issued, it will provide approval for final design and construction of NM 532 at Texas Turn at MP 6.89- 

7.05, Axle Bend Curve at MP 8.21-8.37, and Last Curve at MP 11.86-11.95. 

5.0 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT 

5.1 Public Involvement and Local Coordination 

Seven public meetings have been held starting in September 2006. Many of the meetings focused on 

developing new roadway alternatives and possibly a gondola. The meeting held in December 2009 was 

focused more on improvements to the existing NM 532. At this meeting, improvements to Texas Turn, 

Axle Bend Curve, and Last Curve were identified as priorities. 

5.2 Agency Coordination 

NMDOT has coordinated with several agencies. Representatives from the Mescalero Apache Tribe and 

Smokey Bear Ranger District of the Lincoln National Forest participated in project planning. The 

USFWS and New Mexico Department of Game and Fish were contacted regarding protected species and 

habitat impacts. Lincoln County, Ruidoso, and Ruidoso Downs were provided with information on the 

proposed project. 

Table 5.1 NM 532 Public Involvement Meetings 

Date Location Topics Discussed 

September 26, 2006 Ruidoso Convention 

Center 

Project corridor study and environmental process were introduced. 

Stakeholders identified concerns on NM 532 and possible solutions. 

October 5, 2006 Ruidoso Convention 

Center 

Stakeholder ranked concerns. The top three problems with the road were 

crashes, slow emergency response time, and effects on businesses. 

November 16, 2006 Ruidoso Senior Center Proposals for new roadway alignments and improvements to NM 532 were 

presented and discussed. 

December 7, 2006 Ruidoso Senior Center New roadway alternatives and improvements to NM 532 were compared 

and evaluated using a matrix to compare problems and benefits. 

October 7, 2007 Ruidoso Senior Center Revised alternatives were presented and discussed. The gondola alternative 

was introduced. 

April 3, 2008 Ruidoso Senior Center Revised alternatives including new alignments, NM 532 improvements, 

and gondola were discussed and reviewed. 

December 22, 2009 Ruidoso Senior Center Possible improvements to NM 532 were discussed. Texas Bend, Axle 

Bend Curve, and Last Curve were identified as priority areas for 

improvement. 

6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COMMITMENTS 

Table 6.1 lists commitments to be implemented during project development and construction. 

Table 6.1 Environmental Commitments 

Resource or Issue 

Geology 

Surface Water and Soils 

Commitment 

Rock or slope protection would be used to create a stabilized rock-cut face only if unstable rock is 

encountered. Rock would be excavated mechanically without the use of explosives. RSS wall 

with rock-filled baskets would be installed at the curves. 

Construction at Last Curve would neither involve modification to the existing drainage culvert or 

work within the Rio Ruidoso. Temporary fencing will be constructed around the wetlands at Last 

Curve to keep construction activities away from the wetlands. Under current design, Section 404 

permitting from the USACE and Section 401 permitting from the NMED would not be necessary 

for construction activities at the three curves. The construction contractor and the NMDOT will 

obtain coverage under the NPDES permit for general construction activity regulated by the Clean 

March 2013 18 CN 2101140


Resource or Issue 

Wetlands 

Fish and Wildlife 

Endangered Species 

Hazardous Materials 

Public Information 

Program 

Materials Pits and 

Staging Areas 

Air Quality During 

Construction 

Construction Noise 

Property Access 

Solid Waste 

Recycling 

Commitment 

Water Act. Construction activities will comply with all conditions of the Section 404 permit and 

Section 401 water quality certification. A copy of the SWPPP and Section 401 water quality 

certification will be kept at the project area during construction. The SWPPP will include best 

management practices (BMPs) to minimize soil erosion and sediment transport including 

mitigation measures to protect water quality. Temporary erosion and sediment control plans will 

be included in the plan sets. The construction contractor will also ensure that equipment does not 

leak oils or fuels into the wetlands or surface water. Fuels and hazardous materials will be stored 

away from wetlands and surface water. 

Construction activities will avoid wetlands at Last Curve. To prevent construction trucks and 

equipment from accidentally impacting wetlands, temporary fencing will be placed around 

wetlands that are located within 50 feet of the project area and are to be avoided. 

BMPs would be implemented to ensure protection of fish habitat water quality during and after 

construction. The U.S. Forest Service will be contacted prior to initiating any tree cutting. Any 

tree cutting or shrub clearing would occur outside of the migratory bird nesting season (March 1 

through August 30) or a biological survey for bird nests would be conducted prior to tree removal. 

If an occupied nest is found during this preconstruction survey, the nest will be avoided until the 

young birds have fledged. 

Construction at Texas Turn will be restricted between March 1 and August 30 to mitigate potential 

impacts to the Mexican spotted owl. However, if during Mexican spotted owl protocol surveys, 

the U.S. Forest Service Smokey Bear Ranger District determines that 1) nesting is not occurring, or 

2) the young have fully fledged, then construction could begin prior to August 30 if approved by 

the Smokey Bear Ranger District. The U.S. Forest Service does not need to be consulted after 

August 30 and prior to March 1 for construction activities at this curve. 

Construction at Last Curve will not occur between July 15 and September 30 to mitigate potential 

impacts to the Sacramento Mountain salamander. The NMDOT will coordinate with the U.S. 

Forest Service two weeks prior to commencement of construction to schedule a site visit and 

relocated individual Sacramento Mountain salamanders that could be impacted. Trees cut at Last 

Curve will be placed in salamander habitat through coordination with the U.S. Forest Service. 

The construction contractor will be responsible for managing hazardous substances in compliance 

with federal and state laws to ensure that no contamination occurs. 

NMDOT will develop a public information program for construction activities. 

Per NMDOT procedures, the construction contractor will be responsible for obtaining appropriate 

environmental clearances for materials pits and staging areas outside of the project area. 

Compliance specifications will be strictly administered for all equipment operations and dustproducing 

aspects of construction operations. Dust control mitigation measures are recommended 

during construction as specified in NMDOT Standard Specifications for Highway and Bridge 

Construction, 1017.14.5 Air Quality Requirements and Dust Abatement. 

Every reasonable effort will be taken to minimize construction noise through abatement measures 

such as work-hour controls and maintenance of muffler systems. 

Access to the Eagle Lakes campground, Lincoln National Forest, and Ski Apache will be 

maintained during construction except for brief intervals. 

All construction debris and waste will be removed from the construction zone as soon as it is 

practical and will be managed in accordance with federal and state regulations. 

To the extent practical, the construction contractor will recycle roadway materials for reuse on 

other roadway construction projects. 

MAI Project No. 10001.01BB 

March 2013 19 CN 2101140

APPENDIX A 

Project Plans

VICINITY MAP LEGEND 

INTENT 

SCALES 

VICINITY MAP 

SHIPPING POINTS 

VICINITY MAP 

1-2

℄ 

ROADWAY PAVEMENT DETAIL 

NTS 

NM-532 PROPOSED TYPICAL SECTION 

NTS 

NM-532 TEXAS CURVE STA 364+50.00 TO STA 36 4+35.71 

NM-532 TEXAS CURVE STA 369+27.92 TO STA 372+00.00 

NM-532 AXLE BEND STA 434+00.00 TO STA 436+93.75 




NM-532 LAST CURVE STA 626+50.00 TO STA 6 27+90.00 

℄ 

NM-532 PROPOSED TYPICAL SECTION W/ PULL-OFF AREA 

NTS 



NM-532 AXLE BEND STA 43 7+00 TO STA 438+07.90 



NM-532 LAST CURVE STA 629+12.95 TO STA 630+00 

DESIGN SPEED 20 

POSTED SPEED 25 

TYPICAL SECTIONS 

2-3

℄ 

NM-532 PROPOSED RSS WALL LEFT SECTION 

NTS 

NM-532 AXLE BEND STA 434+00.00 TO STA 43 7+00.00 

NM-532 LAST CURVE STA 626+ 10.80 TO STA 627+90.00 

℄ 

NM-532 PROPOSED RSS WALL RIGHT SECTION 

NTS 

NM-532 TEXAS CURVE STA 364+ 50.00 TO STA 366+16.00 

NM-532 TEXAS CURVE STA 367+ 10.00 TO STA 367+90.00 

NM-532 LAST CURVE STA 62 8+25 TO STA 628+64.28 




2-4

℄ 

NM-532 PROPOSED RSS WALL BOTH SIDES SECTION 

NTS 

NM-532 LAST CURVE STA 62 7+90.00 TO STA 628+10.00 




2-5

TYPICAL GEOGRID COVERAGE 

TYPICAL RSS CROSS-SECTION 

REINFORCED SOIL SLOPE DETAILS 

2-9

UNDERDRAIN DETAIL 

FACING DETAIL 


2-10

FACING UNIT 


2-11

LAST CURVE RSS SECTION RIGHT 

TEXAS CURVE RSS SECTION 1 TEXAS CURVE RSS SECTION 2 

AXLE BEND RSS SECTION 

UNDERDRAINS INCLUDED IN ITEM# 604301 

STA TO STA 

UNDER 

DRAIN 

LENGTH 

(FT) 

*VERTICAL 

DRAIN 

AREA (SQ. 

YD.) 

*OUTLET PIPE STATIONS 

NM-532 TEXAS CURVE 

SECTION 1 

365+10 TO 366+10 100 102 365+55 

NM-532 TEXAS CURVE 

SECTION 2 

367+30 TO 367+80 50 33 367+55 

NM-532 AXLE BEND 

SECTION 

434+70 TO 436+87 

184 434+70, 435+25, 435+80, 

436+25 

217 

NM-532 LAST CURVE 

SECTION LEFT 

626+30 TO 626+75 45 35 626+65 

627+40 TO 627+85 45 17 627+85 

NM-532 LAST CURVE 

SECTION RIGHT 

627+95 TO 628+40 45 23 628+35 

PROJECT TOTAL 502 395 

PROJECT USE 502 395 

*FOR CONTRACTORS INFORMATION ONLY. INCIDENTAL TO ITEM #604301 

LAST CURVE RSS SECTION LEFT 

REINFORCED SOIL SLOPE 

PROFILES AND QUANTITIES 

2-12



VICINITY MAP 

NTS 

Δ 

LEGEND 

EXISTING GRADE 

@ CONSTRUCTION ℄ 

SUPER ELEVATION TABLE 

BEGIN 

SUPER 

BEGIN MAX 

SUPER eMAX 

END MAX 

SUPER 

END 

SUPER 

STATION STATION STATION STATION 

364+85.18' 365+82.68' 4.0% 368+55.69' 369+30.86' 

369+30.86 369+99.03' 3.6% 371+58.21' 372+44.43' 

TEXAS CURVE CONSTRUCTION NOTES 

℄ 

364+00 365+00 366+00 367+00 368+00 369+00 370+00 371+00 372+00 

NM-532 TEXAS CURVE PLAN & 

PROFILE 

3-1



VICINITY MAP 

NTS 

Δ 

LEGEND 


BEGIN 

SUPER 

BEGIN MAX 

SUPER 

END MAX 

SUPER 

END 

SUPER 

eMAX 


433+79.20' 434+60.87' 3.0% 435+46.04' 436+09.23' 

436+09.23' 436+88.41' 4.0% 439+85.23' 440+82.73' 



434+00 435+00 436+00 437+00 438+00 439+00 440+00 441+00 442+00 

NM-532 AXLE BEND PLAN & 

PROFILE 

3-2



VICINITY MAP 

NTS 

Δ 

LAST CURVE CONSTRUCTION NOTES 



℄ 

LEGEND 


BEGIN SUPER 

BEGIN MAX 

SUPER eMAX 

END MAX 

SUPER END SUPER 


626+02.94' 627+00.44' 4.0% 630+03.19' 630+93.41' 

626+00 627+00 628+00 629+00 630+00 631+00 

NM-532 LAST CURVE PLAN & 

PROFILE 

3-3

APPENDIX B 

Agency Correspondence

From: 

To: 

Subject: 

Date: 

Wallace, Laurel T., NMDOT 

Hyre, Jennifer, NMDOT; 

CR clearance for NM 532 curve corrections 

Monday, October 29, 2012 11:31:00 AM 

Jennifer: 

Please consider the District 2 project on NM 532, for curve corrections in three 

locations (between mileposts 11.86 and 11.95 [Last Curve], 8.21 and 8.37 [Axle 

Bend Curve], and 6.89 and 7.05 [No Doubt Curve] ), Lincoln County, New Mexico 

[NMDOT Project CN 2101140], to be cleared for cultural resource issues. The 

project scope for CN 2101140 includes modifying the curve geometry, installing 

rock wall barriers to stabilize eroding slopes post-fire, replacing guard rails, and 

adding signage and pull-outs. The project is federally funded and located on 

NMDOT easement crossing USFS Lincoln National Forest lands. 

The cultural resource survey (A Cultural Resources Survey for NM 532 Curve 

Correction and Slope Stabilization, Lincoln County, New Mexico, by SWCA 

Environmental Consultants, SWCA Cultural Resources Report No. 12-438) 

identified no resources within the project APE. The Lincoln National Forest/Smokey 

Bear Ranger District archaeologist has been contacted, and they have no concerns 

with this project [please see attached]. 

Tribal consultation was sent by NMDOT staff on October 29, 2012 to all Lincoln 

County related tribal interest groups. It is anticipated that no concerns will 

expressed, since this project is related to improvements and repairs needed after a 

recent forest fire. 

Under our present Programmatic Agreement with the New Mexico Historic 

Preservation Division, effective December 30, 2010, the NMDOT may proceed with 

a “no historic properties affected” undertaking following approval by the NMDOT 

cultural resources manager/staff. 

Thank you- 

Laurel Wallace 

Cultural Resources Coordinator 

Environmental Bureau 

NM Department of Transportation 

1120 Cerrillos Road, Room 205-206 

Santa Fe, New Mexico 87505-1842 

office: (505) 827-9899 

cell: (505) 490-2501

Monday, January 21, 2013 1:06:12 PM MT 

Subject: RE: Tribal consultation for NM 532 Lincoln County, NM 

Date: 

From: 

To: 

Monday, October 29, 2012 2:15:40 PM MT 

Jimmy Arterberry 

Hyre, Jennifer, NMDOT 

Dear Ms. Hyre: 

In regards to the above referenced project, staff of this office have reviewed the information and determined 

that there are no properties affected by the proposed undertaking. 

If you require additional information or are in need of further assistance, please contact this office at (580) 595- 

9960 or 9618. 

Jimmy W. Arterberry, THPO 

Comanche Nation 

P.O. Box 908 

Lawton, Oklahoma 73502 

(580) 595-9960 or 9618 

(580) 595-9733 FAX 

This message is intended only for the use of the individuals to which this e-mail is addressed, and may contain 

information that is privileged, confidential and exempt from disclosure under applicable laws. If you are not the 

intended recipient of this e-mail, you are hereby notified that any dissemination, distribution or copying of this 

communication is strictly prohibited. If you have received this e-mail in error, please notify the sender 

immediately and delete this e-mail from both your "mailbox" and your "trash." Thank you. 

From: Hyre, Jennifer, NMDOT [Jennifer.Hyre@state.nm.us] 

Sent: Monday, October 29, 2012 3:30 PM 

To: Jimmy Arterberry 

Subject: Tribal consultation for NM 532 Lincoln County, NM 

Dear Mr. Arterberry: 

In support of Section 106 of the National historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, the New Mexico 

Department of Transportation would like to consult with you regarding a roadway improvement project along 

NM 532. Please see the enclosed consultation letter. 

Thank you for your participation, 

Jennifer K. Hyre 


Environmental Bureau 

P.O. Box 1149, Room 206 

1120 Cerrillos Road 

Santa Fe, NM 87504-‐‐1149 

o: (505) 827-‐‐5349 

c: (505) 205-‐‐3891 

Page 1 of 1

NEW MEXICO 

ENVIRONMENT DEPARTMENT 

Office of the Secretary 

SUSANA MARTINEZ 

Governor 

JOHN A. SANCHEZ 

Lieutenant Governor 

December 5, 2012 

Harold Runnels Building 

1190 Saint Francis Drive (87505) 

PO Box 5469, Santa Fe, NM 87502-5469 

Phone (505) 827-2855 Fax (505) 827-2836 

www.nmenv.state.nm.us 

DAVE MARTIN 

Cabinet Secretary 

BUTCH TONGATE 

Deputy Secretary 


ATTN: Jennifer Hyre 

jennifer.hyre@state.nm.us 

RESPONSE BY EMAIL 

RE: 

NMDOT NM 532 Curves Project 

Dear Ms. Hyre: 

Your letter regarding the above named project was received in the New Mexico Environment 

Department (NMED) and was sent to various Bureaus for review and comment. Comments were 

provided by the Air Quality, Surface Water Quality, and Ground Water Quality Bureaus, and are as 

follows. 

Air Quality Bureau 

The Air Quality Bureau has evaluated the information submitted with respect to the NMDOT NM 532 

Curves Project, Lincoln County, New Mexico. Lincoln County is considered to be in attainment with all 

New Mexico and National Ambient Air Quality Standards. 

To further ensure air quality standards are met, applicable local or county regulations requiring noise 

and/or dust control must be followed; if none are in effect, controlling construction-related air quality 

impacts during projects should be considered to reduce the impact of fugitive dust and/or noise on 

community members. 

Potential exists for temporary increases in dust and emissions from earthmoving, construction 

equipment, and other vehicles; however the increases should not result in non-attainment of air quality 

standards. Dust control measures should be taken to minimize the release of particulates due to vehicular 

traffic and construction. Areas disturbed by the construction activities, within and adjacent to the project 

area should be reclaimed to avoid long-term problems with erosion and fugitive dust 

All asphalt, concrete, quarrying, crushing and screening facilities contracted in conjunction with the 

proposed project must have current and proper air quality permits. For more information on air quality 

permitting and modeling requirements, please refer to 20.2.72 NMAC. 

The project as proposed should have no long-term significant impacts to ambient air quality.

Surface Water Quality Bureau 

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) requires National Pollutant Discharge Elimination 

System (NPDES) Construction General Permit (CGP) coverage for storm water discharges from 

construction projects (common plans of development) that will result in the disturbance (or redisturbance) 

of one or more acres, including expansions, of total land area. Because this project exceeds 

one acre (including staging areas, etc.), it may require appropriate NPDES permit coverage prior to 

beginning construction (small, one - five acre, construction projects may be able to qualify for a waiver 

in lieu of permit coverage - see Appendix C). 

Among other things, this permit requires that a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) be 

prepared for the site and that appropriate Best Management Practices (BMPs) be installed and 

maintained both during and after construction to prevent, to the extent practicable, pollutants (primarily 

sediment, oil & grease and construction materials from construction sites) in storm water runoff from 

entering waters of the U.S. This permit also requires that permanent stabilization measures 

(revegetation, paving, etc.), and permanent storm water management measures (storm water 

detention/retention structures, velocity dissipation devices, etc.) be implemented post construction to 

minimize, in the long term, pollutants in storm water runoff from entering these waters. In addition, 

permittees must ensure that there is no increase in sediment yield and flow velocity from the 

construction site (both during and after construction) compared to pre-construction, undisturbed 

conditions (see Subpart 9.4.1.1) 

You should also be aware that EPA requires that all "operators" (see Appendix A) obtain NPDES permit 

coverage for construction projects. Generally, this means that at least two parties will require permit 

coverage. The owner/developer of this construction project who has operational control over project 

specifications, the general contractor who has day-to-day operational control of those activities at the 

site, which are necessary to ensure compliance with the storm water pollution plan and other permit 

conditions, and possibly other "operators" will require appropriate NPDES permit coverage for this 

project. 

The CGP was re-issued effective February 16, 2012. The CGP, Notice of Intent (NOI), Fact Sheet, and 

Federal Register notice can be downloaded at: 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/cgp.cfm 

Ground Water Quality Bureau 

New Mexico Environment Department (NMED) Ground Water Quality Bureau (GWQB) staff reviewed the 

above-referenced letter as requested, focusing specifically on the potential effect to ground water resources 

in the area of the proposed project. 

The New Mexico Department of Transportation (NMDOT) and the Federal Highway Administration are 

proposing to reconstruct three curves on NM 532 in Lincoln County. NM 532 extends from NM 48 in Alto 

to the Ski Apache ski area. The work entails increasing the radii, correcting road grades and installation of 

walls and guardrails. 

Please note that while implementation of the improvement project is not expected to adversely affect ground 

water, it will likely involve the use of heavy equipment, thereby leading to a possibility of contaminant 

releases (e.g., fuel, hydraulic fluid, etc.) associated with equipment malfunctions. The GWQB advises all

parties involved in the project to be aware of notification requirements for accidental discharges contained in 

20.6.2.1203 NMAC. Compliance with the notification and response requirements will further ensure the 

protection of ground water quality in the vicinity of the project. 

I hope this information is helpful to you. 

Sincerely, 

Morgan R. Nelson 

Environmental Impact Review Coordinator 

NMED File Number: EIR 3805

APPENDIX C 

Bibliography

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