Lynne Wong's PhD thesis
Lynne Wong's PhD thesis Lynne Wong's PhD thesis
GAB Hailwood Horrobin Henderson 4 0 4 0 4 0 EMC/% db 2 0 EMC/% db 2 0 EMC/% db 2 0 0 0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1. 2 a w 0 0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1. 2 a w 0 0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1. 2 a w Bradley Caurie I Smith 4 0 4 0 40 EMC/% db 2 0 EMC/% db 2 0 EMC/% db 20 0 0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1. 2 a w 0 0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1. 2 a w 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 a w Oswin Halsey Caurie II 40 4 0 4 0 EMC/% db 20 EMC/% db 2 0 EMC/% db 2 0 0 0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1. 2 a w 0 0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1. 2 a w 0 0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1. 2 a w 30°C 45°C 55°C 60°C Figure 5.10. Comparison of the experimental and predicted EMC of stalk fibre of R 570 aged 52 weeks by different sorption models (Lines represent the predicted values). 221
Modified GAB Kuhn Iglesias - Chirife 40 4 0 4 0 EMC/% db 20 EMC/% db 2 0 EMC/% db 2 0 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 a w 0 0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1. 2 a w 0 0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1. 2 a w Mizrahi Modified BET BET 4 0 4 0 40 EMC/% db 2 0 EMC/% db 2 0 EMC/% db 20 0 0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1. 2 a w 0 0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1. 2 a w 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 a w 30°C 45°C 55°C 60°C Figure 5.10. (Contd.) 222
- Page 223 and 224: 3) Thermodynamic, water in equilibr
- Page 225 and 226: Langmuir (1916, 1917, 1918) propose
- Page 227 and 228: to determine the moisture sorption
- Page 229 and 230: Table 5.1. Some commonly used isoth
- Page 231 and 232: Lomauro et al. (1985) found that wi
- Page 233 and 234: and on agricultural products such a
- Page 235 and 236: Bruijn (1963) studied the mass incr
- Page 237 and 238: After measuring the EMC of dry corn
- Page 239 and 240: approached, that is, either by adso
- Page 241 and 242: Table 5.4. Water activity (a w ) of
- Page 243 and 244: 5.6.3 Procedure to determine equili
- Page 245 and 246: 5.6.4 Results and discussion An exa
- Page 247 and 248: Table 5.8. Equilibrium moisture con
- Page 249 and 250: Table 5.10. Equilibrium moisture co
- Page 251 and 252: Table 5.12. Equilibrium moisture co
- Page 253 and 254: 30 o C 45 o C 55 o C 60 o C Water w
- Page 255 and 256: m/m of 96% activity, a w (g/100g dr
- Page 257 and 258: vaporisation generally decreases fr
- Page 259 and 260: 30 o C isotherm 45 o C isotherm 55
- Page 261 and 262: 4 0 Stalk fibre 5 0 Stalk pith 5 0
- Page 263 and 264: 5.6.4.4 Fitting of sorption models
- Page 265 and 266: Table 5.19. Parameters of the sorpt
- Page 267 and 268: Table 5.21. Parameters of the sorpt
- Page 269 and 270: Table 5.23. Parameters of the sorpt
- Page 271 and 272: Table 5.25. Parameters of the sorpt
- Page 273: Table 5.27. Parameters of the sorpt
- Page 277 and 278: Table 5.28. Classification of resid
- Page 279 and 280: Stalk fibre Stalk pith Rind fibre 4
- Page 281 and 282: 5.6.4.5 Calculated EMC values of re
- Page 283 and 284: Table 5.30. Calculated equilibrium
- Page 285 and 286: m/m of 96% Table 5.32. Calculated e
- Page 287 and 288: Table 5.33. Parameters of the Hailw
- Page 289 and 290: CHAPTER 6. PROPERTIES OF THE SORBED
- Page 291 and 292: where m is the equilibrium moisture
- Page 293 and 294: Stalk fibre Stalk pith Rind fibre 8
- Page 295 and 296: Stalk fibre Stalk pith Rind fibre 4
- Page 297 and 298: 6.2 THE NUMBER OF ADSORBED MONOLAYE
- Page 299 and 300: 6.3 TOTAL SOLID SURFACE AREA AVAILA
- Page 301 and 302: Thus, for each cane component of ea
- Page 303 and 304: abscissa. For each moisture level (
- Page 305 and 306: Stalk fibre Stalk pith Rind fibre 1
- Page 307 and 308: A similar procedure was followed to
- Page 309 and 310: 10 0 Stalk fibre Stalk pith Rind fi
- Page 311 and 312: Moreover, if T β > T hm the proces
- Page 313 and 314: Table 6.5. Characteristic parameter
- Page 315 and 316: Binding energy/kJ (kg mol) -1 2 0 0
- Page 317 and 318: 6.8 CALCULATION OF BOUND WATER AND
- Page 319 and 320: The values of K 1 , K 2 and W were
- Page 321 and 322: Table 6.7. Separation of the total
- Page 323 and 324: Table 6.7. (Contd.) Sample 30 o C 4
Modified GAB<br />
Kuhn<br />
Iglesias - Chirife<br />
40<br />
4 0<br />
4 0<br />
EMC/% db<br />
20<br />
EMC/% db<br />
2 0<br />
EMC/% db<br />
2 0<br />
0<br />
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2<br />
a w<br />
0<br />
0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1. 2<br />
a w<br />
0<br />
0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1. 2<br />
a w<br />
Mizrahi<br />
Modified BET<br />
BET<br />
4 0<br />
4 0<br />
40<br />
EMC/% db<br />
2 0<br />
EMC/% db<br />
2 0<br />
EMC/% db<br />
20<br />
0<br />
0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1. 2<br />
a w<br />
0<br />
0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1. 2<br />
a w<br />
0<br />
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2<br />
a w<br />
30°C<br />
45°C<br />
55°C<br />
60°C<br />
Figure 5.10. (Contd.)<br />
222
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