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THE DESATIR, OR, SACRED WRITINGS OF THE ANCIENT PERSIAN PROPHETS VOL. I by MULLA FIRUZ IBN KAUS Classic Literature Collection World Public Library.org

THE DESATIR, OR, SACRED WRITINGS

OF THE ANCIENT PERSIAN PROPHETS VOL. I

by MULLA FIRUZ IBN KAUS

Classic Literature Collection

World Public Library.org

Title: THE DESATIR, OR, SACRED WRITINGS OF THE ANCIENT PERSIAN PROPHETS VOL. I

Author: MULLA FIRUZ IBN KAUS

Language: English

Subject: Fiction, Literature

Publisher: World Public Library Association

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. I

, ..

,I' .

M TaB

nfCIENT PEKSI~N PBOPHETS;

IN 'ttIB ORIGINAL TONGUB;

TOJfther with .

Tim ANCIENT PERSIAN VERSION .AND

COMMENTARY

-

C.&B.EPl1LL Y PUBLI8HKD

I

MULLA. FIRUZ BIN &AU8, ...

........ _

GLOSSARY

Of"-"""- ~""P"" r ...;

......

~N Elf 0,., •• TR4fNB£~I'ION

-.,.. ,

Dealdr and Commentary.

llf 2'1VO VOLUMIl&

. .

VOL I.

B 0111 B .... Y:

, .

.... At UI.covama PUIS; BY I. P.

, Da,...

. 1818. ,

•

TO'BRIGADIER GE~ERAL

SIR JOllN'MA:LCOLM,

K. C~ B., K. L. S.

LATB MINISTER PLENIPOTBNTIA.RYTO 1lU

• COUB'l' 01 PERSIA, ~I:. etc. 4'c;

.. "

•

I

•

THE. uniform kindness and attention

with ~hich you have honored

me 'for so 'many years, and' the grate

·ful memory of the zeal with which,

on SQ many occasions. you have p~- .

. moted my interest and. views, would

of

..

•

r

..

Cd: n t...i. oL._

l ..·-

~ ...

" .. ~ .

.

~

.

~

•

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.r~ __ _.".. 4bc. ~; . ,;;._;'o~

....

- :.;.} .. f: .. -,..

• -" J \('I .....

. .

. '.., ~

2nd

,

. -

•

II

DEDICATION.

of themselves have pointed out your

name as that with which I should be

most proud to ad

. j ,

i

- .1.1

Eastern ~mpire; is bot an anticipation

of the voice of impartial posterity: .

That you may long live to enjoy the

honors which yon have gained in, arts

and in arms, and to diffuse the generous

feelings 'which have .led you

to, glory, is the ardent prayer of

• j

•

Your very humble and

faithful Servant,

•

MULLA FIRUZ BIN KAUS.,,

Bomhay,

lei May 1818.'

•

l .

___.....Iizz_oz

......_-..b·____ ~~ ___ .._ .

--_._- --~-

••

•

,

T ~ E fono~inipa,.CoDtai. 0"0'''. ·1D~';"';'r ..... ,

.... "~·.~pra~iD.br ..... TIl, d_ir ,raft" •• ;

•• ~a.~

Ot the wrltrD~ 01 tbe d~re.t Itenlll,ft p~,~~ ;.JIo .... ~ hIia de

tilll~ otMallaii.a to t~~ '.i" Qi tbe 'ellt ..... ~ .... ,f'" ia...-et;

or.hoiD!enlasht,·ot ZOr •• in w_ I ... ,~lrt..~'" .... r ....

tM tut. fie "~" s....., l·i.r4 It! '''', II .. fit ................ ...

tont~mp,.r.r,. .. w!lh tie Em~~ ~~i!l'\" 4I1~ ....,....,......

'o~ I~e cfntroctloa 0' lb. anel.." Pelli80 .-c". one ......·of

i ... Ifteea .~o.plletiue {o

......

.'onc.., of. ,.... h ,.......... ~tO

. ,...1.,";'

.

1thic:1a _oD,d

... ..

~ ••• r;.~.".~.'"

.• If .

t ... ~

of.'.unCifDt P~nlaD .,.11111 .. 1.... J ............... , ~ froIII

fhe-ZeDrI, .tae l'ehlrii, and lhe Deri~' ..... 4ie,,~ .f.~ .... _ of

aft~ftlt Jf~ia. Ta.e old Pell~ Cft.~ w ........,.....,.......

..

Ito ... addrcf It cf)mlD~lIlu,.. in .bicb... ~""""J" or .......-i

tn,.", ex~o"Ddtd. ilie co.-lira" .,....,••.,..,........... ~ ...

Mtapt"..lcL ,

i1.t. w.tt, t~~ lao';' to __". eaill,el u I.ie ..... Ioeip ot 8r.ah

J" .... ef.cfrd di. lra..cla 0; .i.e cari .. lIi arIeMa1 .11Ier1 uri u-

t~ • .ttleila latrr Ii.... Thf, au.fo ..

' ........ '*11 n.Q Wilt '1m

.1OIft toU I), Itr WilIi_, J'., ... a •• '0' .... ~ h jPtl,

proad. ad "hne pNfolHld ho .. ~dp of Penhin h"'ol,'" litera.are.

tntitl .. aU Iris re.arb 01' theft labjt>Ctl tn the highest ."riut.. nac

.~e .. ,u.w .iker; I .. h1l Ilia. ADDi .. rtaty Dlecoal'le JeliT~red before

the AlIa~ck loeJety " OD tile Petti .... " after GPlaWeJ.jio~ ~

n.r quali4catioDi tor tbe lalt wbleb lie 11M aD~.rt.Il •• 0' aatoW" tit"'

aDtiqaitielof'P,rsla,CMliaonS II Aad .IDce Ihatelalarrly eoa-lditd

" die -"atieilnrblcla I III'" loA 4i~1l •• 1011 wW MJ, I _ p.rna'"

, ..• ,.C·

•

n

PREF CE.

•• ,uJptd mylf'SHmony, or Ibink Ihall ,.n 1.00 rar "btn l!iS utI! :you, It.,

u Iwill .. ert nulbins pOlil . ~vtly w"kb 1 IIUl nol .. bIt ~afilfllctorily to

.. dcmorutrllte" He ,ben urna,lk ',Iltat il had 10 rl r: -tem d 10 him un"

accoaat&bl .tranlt,lbal allhou(b ElYpl, 'Y rlPtD, 1111: Chlllrll~. God India

had tbeirroonllrcbl ill .try tarly lillltS .. )'f!1 Per i • tht m O· 1 drli,blful'

"' tbemo5t CODlPIlCI, tbe Dl O I d,r i.rablr (lOU/lfry of Il.JtllJ all, lhould ho e

.. Te-llJ,il-latdfof so many aji;l'iiun tltlt'd Rud d i uniltl'!, A forlunlite dis·

"covery," headdl , "ror hicb 111111 fir.' in cit-bI rd 10 Mir lIIuhawm .. d

II Ha .. iD, ont orlbe lUI) I il1l.II'ir;rOl M! Im!Io in 1 r,dis , hili 01 ont di,-'

... il'"ted the c:1DQd, alld casla ~ltaJlt'or li;;iI! 00 che primty!;1 hi.lnry f

II trail, aDd of Ibe hum' 0 roee, "f "' bich 1 llad long iJ,espB irtd.lIlld ""lieb

., cOlild hnnlly haUl daw n~d from OIl.)' Q,htr quantr.

" Tbll rare ansi ial ere;linr; Irll t Oil Iv'e/t't diD'YUll1 rrli.;innl, rniilltd

•• the DQl;i~tQ"'onnd eumposrd by "Mull 111m .. dnn travrUl'r .• lIIuh'e o f'

.0 Cn&bl)llr, namcd .Uah"u., bat diilin(lIiohql by 1I'iI!" UJIlt·d luraame

,I of Fani or peri'~lIbk. br/;in', " 'jtb t~e lI'olldc:rfull} curiou c~apler 011

.. tbe relirioQ of RUfhHnll;. which \flU long' ~flluior 10 lbat Slf ,ZUII

.. tu,hl, bill bad conliOIl"d 10 be IIcer !!lly prufrSlcd b)' hlao Irnrntd

'0 PenKny, run 10 Ibe afllhor's li,ne; an,d e~erllr of 'be 1D0.1 tlDi orl1 ~ .. f

.. 'tbl!lD, aLtenlin't in many poiolS fTn'm Ihe r. ~br5. lIod , p,C!'Sr ule4 by 1b

!' rulin!!; p."'tnof .heir eOllnlry, had T1'I1n' d tu Jndin, wllere rile)' tl In'

.~ ,pIle" • Illlmber oC bonks, now u(rrmely ' e~,ce. \Vllie" l\Joh . .. n b c1

.. pr~d. aDd with tbe "rhers Df wbicb, or '" illl m:.oy or IlJl!D, he had

.. ooauaeted nn 1millla(e fritndsblp. Fru!O thtm he J'~rnrd. Ilml •

~ . pG"uful m')ollfchy bad be!!'n t"tnblisbed fur 8~e, i~' lratJ br(ore Ibr c •

• ~ Cet ion ofCnyamer ;t" fit WDI,caUrd ItIt l\1~lm IldiJ!, n dYOli lyt:..Uf\

t' reawo wbieb will OOD be melltiontd ; "",1 1101 mo~)' prinetll, or whom

~ •• nen oreighl we only mlln~d iu Ihe Dubil'an. lind IUDOIIC IhcAi .)/11 ', '

.• ,,'or lIab(l Bofi.llad '"i II tlu~irl'ml'ire '1Ilhe il.tllilh of hQ'1l II IlfI~

.~ If we,::. D rdy on rbl autbor" ," ",hit" to m. "1'1" .~IIHlt.rC~piil1n" ~ •

.. Ihe 1 r8II ilD !Duoareby mus' Lo.\'e be!.'D Iht oldrtrr in the. ~' o tld , "

After Rime ne-W' and '"aluable rf'~Q rkt on IJ,t' J!l1cir 11 I 1110.' 11 ,...

and cbQtacter or lrao, ir WHlh.o1JJ JI"1I1.'1 proc~l'd .. to ['barll(,ler i~ Iht

relilliuD orlbe l)~l!uir ad Dohl ,,,pin Ihe rOpO\\ illl word ., ~lIic h r. 1:!

form IIJe !lett introd .t:lioD 10 lbele yolullttj,

II The primeval reli,ioD o( Irall, if I\'~ rC'lJ 00 the Duthoritie add u

to cd by .l\1obs:l.b Fu!}i, \'I'D! 11'8.1 ",hicJ, 1'1cn ton calli (be- oldt!1 (::tll

• Aliat.! Rrl: Vol. II. pp. tII·4.9, Octavo L'dHi,,",

III .

" It.., 1aeJutl, ..al,........''''l., all relfrl.II.: 'A arm t.eltet

•• ~ 0Ae ~God .... 1 ......... b' .... pawer, uil co.tlnalll

• ,oYlII'beellt bJ:1IiI proWlellee. a ..... teal', 1"0 aacI adona_ e ..

, '·.. i.5 1!-4. ............ fM .,..... 1 .............., • ,........ d"eo

" tioll (orebe ~boJ,eb_ .. ..,.a." .. a·ce.""o.ate le1MIftHn"d

• for tile ,brale, ,rotio_,' . A .,lkaIel 4n8IJoa Ie ,.n ad mbliia*

.' c~uld hardlJ &IIWIN _r~ .. el I.., d •• Ii ••• al,.hr. Ieaml"(roa

.•• ~1te,J)abbtaQ tNt,'''' ,.,. ..... blp oIl" iralai--lI .... er ~

,. \ttl puul.! ·&,64"", a,_" 'of ,,_It-I .... 81 ...... 8, eenailll 01,·

~~ ~Io,y. \lUI ,,1*11 !au bee ....... b, ....... r ... 'fr ... Wa. a-

u AOlt, ~od pal'liclII.d, aM ".. of '...,.,.... 01' .........., bodiw.·jD

tc ta.adonuiCNI ~f" ....... f""" ribal ill bell.ftd to ....,• ....... H·

II Th.~eiiAde,cdpljoa.ia •• I ..,a,ecI ••,k j .. t IDellllo"',of tildet·

,e-:al .reniap tnapla dfdilllltC4 10 the 11111 ud pluetl. olille ilD8~'

II adoted. ~ thew, aad of tlte ...."i.c:eIlt proc_ioIu 10 ,RIa oa pte

.t Kriltecl f.ati,al'i o,ne of ."bicb llt probalal.J r.,r_ted bJ ....'I'dr.

el ia lbe r,!ia,ed CiL, 01 J .... i4. - But tbt plalatwy'.onbip 'D.l'ctUa

.. lUlU GIlly pa.-tClf 1& tar DlQre .,.p&illa'ecI reticiOJlI wbleb".· Blur

" tacl ita tlle Indiaa. proyi~.,. l- for ldD~ anQHI 111 t1 ..... tlte opl- ,

4\ IliO;' of l~e bea, iDf,.m •• cl ~e~_ •. ,,110 ...,... rltelaidl 0' Hash·

OJ ~. 4ntjn,~~d. f~olD l¥1 . .,( ~ .... ...a.t, tile .rl& .... ,cIt v, JraD~

" atel IIf ,be .. h~14 ,.'Ih, "'....·N.... ta ward .,,.,Olltly Iu,«it )•

.. ,.110 4hi~~ the ,tople ilCcrs:lour.or,erlit ... NltPtUl. die .nut_N,

',' .", cpm".rc.i4ll,&I.d Ille to",,"" .10.. ,,"' ... _ ailiped 1I._1I1Iqeft

" &iIlD~'" tblt IIIIRe ia 'heM:~D ww. .,..... D.,. .,lied to &lie Iollr

." IIrl_y ,la,selolch. lti ...... '(II..,. ~dedi. ... ,. u!Cfhtd froID ...

" CftJltor. ud .,.,......'.d ........ III' ••• N,C,.el/. hAP~ilt • At&WII\,

.. ~.\ '0 .llich tH. MIIKI .... auUro, "i"!Iotlae A.r .... te tk!eoU),

...

U :."",. Of rtf.laHoIU. bllt,t-.or.iaal ~Jla oJ .bleb lie .... 0'" .eo.

U.ti.ue~h Mlel ,bM fll.,,..,,JI~" apoPII""", or .01l'4..,p_r~

•• ia bU8IIm .1Ia,," h6 tbe .. ,e,,,,,.' ul ,fhi. "Cltld. .Now W~D. w.

" kaow , .... , .... H; .... ~ ·lIel&' .. ira·Jo.rlte. JIm" •• • r .Iatial ·perN"

••. ai_ 1I"11a ~hallar f ... lieDt. tIM 1.r.I.oh,holD Jell a ~ook 0' rtplc. .

' •. Iiotu or livi ..... .u.~,. "Ilia f.e1 bold ..... \ to lbe v ...... aDd '

t' die IMllanr;e of ,.ltiell ,It., llelif!te 10 be .b., 01 lbe Go4a, w. e ••

•• ..,..,"'lIt. dIAl the 6nl CQUa,tloD oC tbt I'.r~" .adoktel' r~li&io •

•• .... tbe .,..... of In.''' 'beI)lo" u.9ealf4 by the BnbJIIUI .....

•• "....., in Ibnet. .. riloriet. wline ahe book o' M ......... d, or .v... II.

AI is .. t ....... eat 11Ie1'1111,(&I'4 of all reliJiou ucI .....a ~ulia.

U

Tile

atem.ien of c&,aal'n ,.dae ,1\I'ono flf '.rf'niat, in lhe r~Il" or Dhlth

.' caltl111 before (brisl. ICCIIII to !laye bel'li acC:UIllPIIDieci bJ'. con.id ....

u;abl •

...

iv

• .- I \ ..' " • • .

" able ,"O'lIt,.. ~ ia '""..-ea~. at. ftlfrfon I lae wi ...t p;;:

~I bably ela cli .... of _&CrolD." lIahaNd ••• "Ito ''''c•• ~ IIi ...

u IUI~ ~. i'ft'Np' Ike De" ~I~~ of _

.. tlonal ~aitli "hlch'ti1ltbaaj •

• , .~ ..... It bell .... C!*p1""'.a ht tlt~. ~to"!,atloa "as partial;

., fer. "~ile tltey _jede41 tile ell.plea ;oJ,'1Ie11lD 0' their predec~

II 10ft. "y ret~aed lite 1a"1 0' MahaW, witlt a .lIpenliUoa. yea8-

U raUoa for ~he iun, tke ,~d., .... An'i thai r~l'1Dbljnr the m ....

" ... call~ ,,,,,,. .. , aa.d. ,,,,riiCllf. t~e leeo~d .. of !,hith Ii "eI'l .• IIIBa~

.. roul at Deu ..... wbere ~y Ggnllt.,," are CODliDltally blaalnr;

~I ... wbere ttie Sal1licu ;,beII .lIey.en.er 011 .iwir .. cerdotal otic.

~I kindle', willt .wo pieCH of Iii. h,ard wnod Sat', a ifre whld. lhe,

.1 keep licltt~ throlllh lbeir lin. for tlieir Daptial ~e,emoD'y •• lte pet

'" fon;..DCMI of ioielBll ~rilen •• he oheqa. of departed aDCfttorW.

~" ariii their OWD faae;.u pile. Thl. rtiDar-..iile rite ... ~oDUDae4l1t1

" ..... niht. who reformed .lIe old .uliCioD by the "dl'I"u ofl".lI, ~I'

tI .....

H

, pmidior orer .. atlll IUId «Iaji, of DeW cerNolaln iii tlte y ..

8efIltioa sheira to Ir., of. new "o~t whlch..e pi'etHdfti to .... e

U l'Iftind from lteaun; all4lat.Of. •• U by eIIta1tllshiD'lhe_t .... .....

• , tioe otoDe SlIpr""e geine; He wal born, aCcordilll' to *01118., iii

i~ tho eli.tricl of R.ai I .e4 It wa,. be (iiota. A •• laoits lIIIffil, W, ,... ~

.. tector OUtbta,,) wlao .ratenea ieto India, tat lie ...,.t reeetre

•• lalormatloa fi-. tbe BrUmaDl iii tli_loey ae. elfiic.. it I, ~Iy

,. p .. ible that Pythagoral tae" bim hi tk ~pital of Irat i bill tbe

d Gneia. JIll. mat thn .YO WU raj. ""aDced ia yean; ... tir.

d bne 110 c:en.-. ftideDCe of all fDt~01Ine betweeli tile tiro ftbiiOlo

"pben. TINt reformed relipon of Pft'tfa coatieaed ia '.ree till tba~

., ecnilitry wet 'Gbdued fly the MatellDlUI.' aad~ ,,11.oitt ,Iadyflil the

'" Zencl, we ha~e Il1Dple infonDatioD coneeni;'r it ia tbe ..... Pn-

4. lian wriliDpofaeYeral who pfofeiIM it. Belnilan alwaY. uaed Ze':

Ct' rata.ht w'tla ret'eretlce; hut..e was iii trutb. pare iIIo'IJI,'" it;~rir.

(I ty ethelafllled aily um-aticm GUhe firo or otller elellleai' l hJ "Dieci

U

tliai the 4octrine' ftf fwo cot'nl prfaciplft, npmil'ely cool ad .ti •

•• PUIlll'Jy bad, loned allY part of bis faitll; aDd be oftei' ,.peated

U with enrphuit the Yel'lf'l of Flrdaa,i OD the ".0""""0,. of CJnlI all.

co IIli paterna. ~l'Id f:ather b'efote the bialia~ .ltar i • Thiak Dot (bat tlrt,;

• were adorer. of fire;' (or Ihat eJe,i,eDt ",a. only a6

.

m(IM ob)eet .

-', ~

• olit'"Hu,fte o'wbleft lhej hed theireye-t Ihey ltumr.1ed tll'ellliely ..

, • whore _en beFore God f and. if Illy aadent.lI'd'la," ne",. little

'nerte4, ftoa .mDtt ackDo"le4fp thy d.peadeUce oa the Btinr IU~

• "rtiM!ly pure,' ID 81tO'ry ot S.di, ftRt rll41 clOie of bi, benulltal'

.. :B~"

.: .

•

.,1'

..........----'--IXU..:a

5(;".'; ._' •

.r ... - .... ·s •__..... ~

... __ --.........,...· -~.--- . ---

-

-,"

II - ........,..• ,

•

-

PR.EJ'ACE.

v

.\ Rnstan, colleelillin r the Idol of Somn .. th, or Mahodeya, he con

I, fouildl Ihe reli,lon of Ihe Hindu. willi tbal of tile Gabrs, calling the

" Brahmans Dot ooly MflKhs· (which might be justifiPd by .. pa8ID~ in

.. the Mesonvi) btu even r .. ader. flflhe Zend and Palt'od i Now, whe

.. ther Ibis" COli fusion proeeedtd frOln nal .r Ilrl'icllded ignoraDce I

.. Cllnnot decide, lIut alll all well coDvincl'd tbat tht doctrIne. of the ZeD •

• , were distinct 'fr4lm thote of Ihe Veda, &8 I am lbat tbe' religioD of the

.. BrahmaD., with "Wbom "We couverse every day, prevailed ia Penia,

.. berMe the acceuion of Cayumers. whom the Parsil. from retpeel t.,

.. bl. memory, consider &8 the fi nt of mea, alllle. tlaey believe in .a

.. uaiversal deluge before bia reign."

.. With tbe religion of the old Persialll their pbilc)tophy (or as mllc!1a

. " as we know of. It) was intimately cOllllt'cled I for tbey were .. idl

" oalob,eners of tbe lu miDaries, whicb they adored, aael-eatabUshed,

II accordial to Mohaan. who confirms in lome decree the fragmeut,of

.. BeI'OlU8,. Dumber of artificial cycle. wi th dlltiDet namea, wbleblHlll

." to indicate a know ledge of tbe period in whicb tbe eqaino:a:ea appear

.. to l'e101 n. They nre 8Did also to have known the molt wODderful

.. powen oraalare, and tbeoce to bave acquired the fameofllrla,iciaD'~

.. aDd t CDebaoters atc."

After a fe"tIJob.enadoDI OD the mYltlcal tbeololY. Ihe mouDmenl.;"

~ulpture.aacl tllf"cieDCeUDd alltlof tbe aoeient Persian., tbe leam~"

a1ltilorenncluciea ... Tho. has it beeD proved by clear evldeoceand pi8ia

U r.eBIQIJiol, tbat·. powerfol mODarehy was eltabllshed Ie Iran long b'e

.. fore tbe Anyrlao or Pi.bdadi go"~roment; tbat .it Will in tmtb a Hirtdu

., mODucby, though if auy choae to call it CIU,a". Casd,afl, or Scylla';'"

II we sIIall not enter loto a debate on mer\, O&DIe3; tbat It aaflliated many

.. centuries, and tbat it. bistory bas beeo eOlrafred 00 Ihat of lite Hioda •

.. wbo founded tbe monarchies of Ayod.hyB anct Incirapre&tha I that the

.. laDloageof tbe first Pereillo empire was Ihe mother of the Safl,cri,,·

.. aDeI cooaeqaently of the Ztndand Par.i ••• wt'lla. uftbe Greek, Latin •

.. aDeI Gol/ti~ thnt tbe langua,e of tbe A •• yrlalll wos 'be p.reot of tho

... Cbal.ueandt Pahlivl."

It is DOt Ilirpri.inrc tbat tbe deliberate jucigmt'Dt ofsoealiKhteDed aa

~nqnlrer uSlr WillilUD Jon ..... d tbe importaat eoocluliool to whleb the

disqul,illon,foanded 00 tbe flets contaioed 10lbe Dt'II8lir evidentl, led.

GOD'. un esclted a Yery .trong desire IQ. dilcover ud,brine 10 lilbt a

. ,

+ Ali.t. Res a Vol. n pp. 58-i'l!.

1- Ibid p. 64.

•

•

VI

PREFACE,

.oluml' on fI'''rinnl fo hi9fory. Thi •• i.1I hili been of 11'0 nnd ~lron"'y

ellpr"" .. d"by Ihr p .."on~who ,urr hrsl qualifi~d In IIpprrdal .. Ih .. \ "I1.,e

of 11\1('h a work. BUI Ihr- 't!olimony cor:l/iinl'd in Iht' J)i~("o"r ... of:/le

Most Nob) .. thf' Mllrqlli, of Ha-' inll AI the p"hlic "ililaliil"

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,\.'1_' MC~tic~ '*~o fouuded &11«)". Beet I)~. tAe fllllDdatin~ Qr~ t5

-':ient Panl lenet.. Tlie DeI.lir wa. knnwn 10 llnkilll.ibni.Rhallf.ul_

Tebriti Mal,lIlIlllled ~u&ain, the alilhor oi the Bnrhoni Kalin, Ihe b .. st

~ictioallry ulanl of the Per5iaD laDltungt; "ho liv~d in ille aie "t Shhll

JebaD; ~nd at'that tIme ihet:redit' or the Driolir \Dbst ~avt beeH lIia-h,

,IDCe be often qilole.· tbe commentary ,. bit aDlborlty lor word$ID I be

old Periia~. Tbe .;Ihor'of the Dablstan, wflo teems 10 hav~ flourished

fa the reii"' nf jehaDlir ~nd Shllh Jehaa, treqlleJilly qlenlloA.lhe oesatir,

and iDdeedad0l'ts 11 for hit ~uide in Ihe Recouat "bieb be ,ina Glib.

reUcioa. dynasties of Mababad aad his iucc'essbra. .'

,A. tq the'COClY frOID which ,h~ pr ..... 4ili~n w¥ llrin,led .. ill,c:ar~

fully takeillrom tbat in t~e ~Ion of Ibe.FAliIIll''t.:Mulla I'b:alf§. b-1aC

tbe only manuscript .fdle ~orlt knowD '0 ujal. Jt ..... par~ecI ..

.J,faban by his rether IlboDt lony five. yeart . ~'o, . frOID one, A,ba

Mllhfulimelf·Taher. a bookseller,' who, uud~rst"adi~~ Ihlll the Eai'~~r'~

fath.tr waa ail Intlian Panl, broughl it to hi~ for sale, induced bX t~.e

'Words Kit_II i Ga~ri (8 Gallr Book J.whitb were \'ftilteD on Ihe coytr~

:lCaa" Ihe fatberoF Ffrut:, bad been lent by the Parsis of lodia to true'

In Penla for the 'parposei)tmakin~ Bome enquiries rrgarding Ihe rem_

Jtant oftbe Parsi. in that country'l !lo~ particulnrly 10 senrell of mlJ.letlals

that might enable Min to .eule Iht! disputtS llbicb pretailrd 11111011& ~~ct

Part'iiilrIndia conterniog :ibeir, comllulatto~ ~f lime;. rhe dif!"t'r~nu of

&comptele mo~tb bllv.l~, takep .P.Ill'Cl! ~n ~hrtr mode! of rec;k'~inJt d.rfnr;

the tont1nt'ttru.ption of intercourse het "een the .ParSI5f!t l!,Idia 4~d,

tbote or Penis'; R circumslance whjchhnd prodllcpd a.scbiSlll aI' SlImt,

lome follo'~'lIi .he Kaleodar "o;":he' Parsls of Kerman. olh'rn Ihat

"tau balhbei!n'" Ole fttr. lome 4!d1'OriH 'iriMIt tlte· & ... 1.''0' lotHa.

tatt .... r .... u_b ...'ltl1r cuBtl..... . •. ,

.IJ!Iomeyean Ii~olthltw'ork ~Ifrac~~ ihe,no'ti~,e of ih'e H~·~~rn.~e Jr •

... tban ~on~an, th,t llite G4\vei'n~~ .. ~~. B~lDbllj', 8 gentielUa,n '';.b~e

.... edtt\lpthe Rdltot bad tbe h"pplnf'Ss ~r enjo~'ln,: for n InUit p,e!~~d.

Jle hactdl".oie1! m'nch of hh atlffilion tOo Ih~ 'Ilianorrs and inslMbltoDi of

ihe £-.t. and wal"rqllally dhlinr;.ui~!It'd, ror ihr zt'"f with .'T~jCJ' b; ~im.

ftH ptot~ured Ih~se l"nquirlt5, aDd ror'the librlll~ity wilb'.1th.ic" .b:

.ronbrdlh·ose who did. ~fr,

"he "'ork. Il~d allf'r ,,"rinus rnqni,rif',1 I!f'~~rdiog

fiu.nenn ,!"ns itrllCk. ,,·i!h .lh~,c~~~~c:t",l

its I\II~bfe'icity.,4l"

wbichlle IBl!llfted hlmsetf, rttoln'd to _leal ~nmf' lroors from pn~lIc bllJi •

.... 0 " .... 0. ..... 11 nl ,"shafinj(' ~t~,,,'J)f'lmti'r; R' 'I~Mfil1' wh1ch

at .. rln· ... geriodJ durw ..... to.tll' of aeart, {rTr )'ra", he "8'~ ll~~illcif

.,.be EdUor. .

In ~buear 1811, Mr. Daacau,,,ulldy\lH to lene Bombay, ill. co~

IM'qaence of'hia dtcHnioc henH~. 8rill faitbfal to bil relolutioo.f coa·

pledoc the tranalll.ioo of lbe }kla'ir, l'hldl he bad resol'ftd t. prflea,

'0) hh Majlll', a, 'he mot' val\lllble ,ribuCe that be CQuld o~er billll 00 bil

relar!! f~om thtl Eut. he ,'llned 'h" ~i'or'l CODseot to IK,.Compaoy bim

to tbe ~51~ af Fl'Ilnee Ibat be mililt ... I,t \n thc traDlla~ioo which was ou ..

considerably ad,anr.rd: bllllbe ~e.tb of ~r. ~aa~. before he c;oalcJ

embark, dl'prl~ed the Editor of oDe of hit mOlt, nloed frieDW, aad pDt

au eud 10 thia plan. which blld oc:cupied lome of his la,e.t tbooCbta..

when nearly Olle balf of the work was finiabed. The part "hieb be

tranlated hu. it II aader.tood. heea leat to EOlland wilb bi, otber pa.

pen.' It ill to bl' r,.,~tt'illbat Mr. DaneaD did aot lin to c:ompletc ..

work flturbieh be wal nuy "ay 10 well qualified.

SOOD aftn this eyegl, "hen General Si~ JIJIiD M.'eolllll ... colle~Unc

lIlaleri",l. for h'. Hlltory or Persia, tbe aceou,. "bi~b be bad hean!

I'rprdiDI tlle Dnatir, aad tbe bl,b oplaion orlts •• 18e utertai~ by

lIir WiIlia ... JOIlIII, produced lome eaqoirl~ wblch terIQinllled to hilcE.

JI~.ior to the Editor hi. decided jud~t t_l It .hould be ,inD to tbe

public la tbe or1ciaal. that U. pretealiOlll aud meril., loch as they were;

Picht meet with a more comple.e aad fair iavallptiDO tbaa it w .. poa.

.ible for tb,em '9 receive wblle tile w:or~ re~IDed ia m.n.u~ript; &ad ia •

deed, .. far at .... ,et ap'paJre4, "Dt ap In ~ .141,1, c~PI~ .

Fortlle (1\"oarabh; te .... in .bicb the Edlt9r aud bit ,aaOl are .CD.•

• iOlle~ by ilr J oba Male"lm la .ariolll part. offll. adlllirab,J~ ~lato'J of

Penia. tbe Editor returnl that ce~tl ••• ~i. mOlt ptela.' t¥ak.. '

The o,'al~ ,{tbe ~I@oriQ orp..e~ "bi~1t had.o dlllCIt "el.bt "i,1I

the Editor, aa4 .&llItely la Ita"e.o IIlIICIa .. i.1I tile ,ublic. led to ,be

PreHllt pu~lIqtloq. The t~st oftlae.~tlr it ~&w: pr~'t~ elltlre. ~.

JoDC with U. rena a •. traD.latio.a ~ad 4[0aamcDtary. DDder tb.e care of I'.

!Alltor, wbo b .. laboare~ wit" aDwearl~ zeal '0 lea~e DOt~o, Ulloa.

011 Ills part, thaI c:ould ro\ler I~e "orl~ com,~ele. 'to I~e ori,iaal .. ork

lie ba. ad4ed • clOllU'1 or ... c .. aacieuaud t«bal~ ~Qrd. AI oc:ear I •

• ,. 0141 Peniaa tra~latioD. &lid tQ lItose wbo ma~e tbe 1¥,tIII.e or aD

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PR.U'AC8,

Epic poe., OD tile Co~anl oUDdia by tbe British,· QD wbleb lie ... foc

...,. Y." .beeD _p'.,.ed, .,d ."Iela be ... Dearly broach' t. _ ol~

.f.. h ..... I. to lie _.OWD to 'atare 1111 aDd to be 'Dro~ &moo, tlte

........ HrO,....,. .Itoee work. ba .... 11U .. 1 ... ~d tile tqac"oftipae,bo

leadl y IMpel .a.,t It .y be c:QD"I'ayed to poIteri,,. ~ tbe .... w orlt

w.1cII ~ord. tbe arl.-Uld .r'"p'" of Brltllla .... Io~, ~d tbM, by

aile fort a .... UIOCiat,OD, liS. fuae.-y p~ 0 ..." .,,,, &Ito _o~ Qf

.Jritbll".y. .

...... y. tit II ...... WI. .

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Her eaa" COIICl_ tlli. t-r.r.ce .. iijlcult ., ... ., .'tac kDnwl ....

_tl to Mr. Bnklae tor'" _&&able ..... aace receI,. ,,"' .. I. ~

..., I ...... Hr'. tile pl'Cllftll ofdail aadenakiq.

Wltll tltne o~.ti_ alae Editor HII~ntq tile po\lic" w ... t .Welt

or lII&IIy yean III} bee ... I. raYorlte ".dy. Uoln. lab part~lty f.

It .illeacl. bl_, .. tfnl. tllat It .. III be recel~ed u a .... aab.le II(I4ltioo t.

t .... I .. oricalaad IIt.I'Ii'1~of ,b. Ba.t. ne few YfIR of hi.llfe

tbat l!I&y yet reIP'~. to .. I. lie IDlead. to deyQte to tile complet'oD of a~

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$UBSCRIBERS'

, TO THE DESATl~

..

HM·ROYAL HIGHNESS

~UE PRINCE:' ~G~N:T~

. .'

TWO COPI ...

TI)E MOST NOBLE

~H~ MARQ~ES OF HASTINGS, K. O.

CbVBRNOR (}IlN~lUL .OF INDIA.

~~ COPIElS.

THE GOVERNMENT . OF·BOMBAY

.~

A.

!i B. .t

c ~

I;,) 0

AIIstnther, Si~ .A.. R~corder Bax, John, Balli- ...., .... 1

of Bombay. .......... 3 Bell, Alexuder, EIII .. Mem-

Aahburner, Luke, Esq, ...... 1 ber of C~cil.· ... 1

Apcar, Mr. Arratoon, ...... I Barnes, Veuetable the Arch-

Ardaseer PramJee., .... ... 1 .deaco., ... ... ... •.. 2

Aaam, Wm. Esq. eWef S~~. Britrgl, Captain JohP., ... I

to Govt. Bengal. ... .:. ~ l'OWn, Geolge, Esq. ... ~

Audeuob;G. W. Esq. Kaire..l abillgton, Stephen, Bsq .... 2

A.e~ Dbu.ojee 8ball.. .. .. 1 &Qe, Capt. William, ... '1

Agnew Major,·,.... ... ... 1 BJPoircl. p. O. Elk{. ... ... I

Alvel.Lieutenant, .••. ... 1 B,oyce, MI;. WiUiam,. ....... 1

,,AndersolOl, Rt. Esq. 'Deput, Be~lin?" Mr. ~barles. ...... 1

'Regr. Sudder Adawlut, BblcaJee lUerJee. ... •..... 1

Madras. ... •.. 1 Ber:.z:oorjee Nanabb.oy, ... l

L·

.... _$7 n fi _em XM

--

2

~ t

n. 'g. F. 'go

~ C

Byramjec COWllsjee Bennar- Fell, Jou, Esq. • .. 3

j~e, ... ] f'ord, ~lajor John, ..• 1

Bnrnard, T. Esq.

1 Fra"er, Lieut. Col. Thomas

Burnett, Andrew, Esq ....... 1 Augustus, ~Iaclras. ...... 1

Bingham, Chas. Esq. Poona. 1 Fitzgerald, Calltllin 8th Re-

C • giment, Calcutta. 1

'. Forbes, Theodore, Esq. •.. 1

Calcutta, the J.-1)rd Dlsllop of :1 Farill, Si:- ltog"i!r, De '" ... 1

Col,e, the Hon'ble A. H. Re- Fecroozsh:lh Dhulljecllhah, ... 2

sident at 1\1.) sore, ... J G

Carr, the Reverend J, S .... 1

•

Collett, Captain J. H ....... 1 Griffith, Colonel John •... ~ .• 1

Close, Cartain R. Resideht Goodwin, Rich. Th~. Esq. 2

at Scindiah's Court. ... 2 Graham, LieutenantJ. W ...• 1

CleiTanil, 1\'1aj'II', ---, ... 1 Griridlny, Capt. R. M. ... I

Campbell JU~ior, ---, .•• I Gtant, Lieut. G. (Marine.)... 1

ClIrsetjt'e Cowasjl'e, ... 1 Grc!{ory, Geo. Esq. Judge

(~lIrsettj('e ;\Ianockjce, ... '" 5 & crim. Jti4ge at .GU,II..tQor. 1

CaIQp'hell, Robert, Capt. 1 H.

eors~·lIis. GeorgI', Esq ....... I .

Caldwell, I .. ieut, II. 2d Bat. ' Hare, ~Jo.r General, Com-

2;) Native Infantry ....... 1 mandmg 10 lUysore ....... I

Chastcnav, IUr.

1 Hallderson, James, Esq. &0.

(;o)'lllhol;'ll, Gideon E:>q. Re- ro GOT"ernme.nt..... 1

sid~nt at Bussol'a.... 1 Harve-y, CaptalO, ---, ... 1

Carnac, CUlltain.T. R. R~si. Hollis, Lieutenant, , 1

deut at Barodra. ... 2 881:11"':\1"', Mr. S. W. 1I .... 1

D Rughes, Lieut. John Recs. 1

. Hislop, Lieut. Gen. Sir Thos.

Doyle, Lieut. Cul. Calcutta. 3 Bt. Commander in Chief

lJun, Lieut. C. D. ::\1. ~. I. 1 Madl'as.... ...... 1

Dossabhay Ja.msettjee, ...... 1 Hockley. W. :S. Esq ....... 1

E. Herdis, Capt. 1st Bat. 19th

El h· 1 H ~I Regt. M. N. I. ..... ~ .... 1

1> mstlln, t 1e on. i' ount- Reath J M" D .

,& & & 6 ' .... ~sfJ· (:p. om,-

st~art, .c. c. c. ... mercial Resident, at Salem .. 2

Ersk~ne, "m. Esq. Bombay 3 Harriott, :\faj. John, B. N. 1.1

Elpb~nston, Jobu, ~sq. ... I Hormoozjee Bomanjce, ...... 2

Elphmstone, C. Kelth, Mr. 1 cro ........ oz,ie,e· Db,' 'n'

I

~d' d C . J ,6 b Be n. •••- :J C Jee, ... •..

l~on, aptam . 1 t -. Hceljee Nowroj~e.... 'I

gllneut Madras N. IA ... 1

Elliot, G. C. Esq. 1 J .

. Ellis, C. Esq. JndgeandMa. oMon, Mr. Paul, ... 1

:gis~ra.te, l\Jan~alore ....... 1 ~aMeD' Maj. J. 13. 6th Regt. ,I

. l:.\luIJfe Curs~ttJee, . '" I Jones, .W. A. Esq. ... ••. I

1UlIle~ee .Bomanjee, ... ... J

~ • • ~

It - ~. .-

· ~ e

kenDedy, .Captain, Vans •••• 1 "'fepeaa, the RigAt Hou'hie

j.empt, Mr. R. ... .•• ••. ..I Sir Enn. Bart. Governor

keys Captain Cllarles, •.•••• 1 ~of Bombay. •.• ... 3

KeW:, Thomas, M. E~q. ••• t Newbolt, the Hou'ble Sir Johu

Kennedy, Rich&!,d M. D. Esq. 1 Kt. Chief Justic~ of ~a-

Kennedy Col .. M. ... . .. 1 dras. .~. ... ... ... ... 1

Kee.th.J.'M.'Esq. De-p. Com- ,~i,lrtingall, Gehel'Rl, Lieut.

mercia! Resident at ~alem. ~ ·Sir Miles K. C. B. Com·

Kaikboatoe 8ora~e, .... '" l manrlerin Cbif'f, :8ombay. ~

L

' ~ewnham, William Esq. Se-

. cretlU'Y 10 GOl1. :Qombay. 1

).if,rary' of the Literary So- . Newnham, Thomas Esq. 1\laciety

of Bombay, . ... 1 dras Civil F~t3.blishment. 1

L~thgow, C~lonel Jame., ••. ] Newnham, Henry Esq. Bt:n-

Low, L.i.eut. John,... ... 1 gal Estahlislllnr.nt. ... 1

.... w., C'. EIIC{. Post Mut~rGen. ] ~oton, BClIjamin Esq. ... 1

L(lureiro Mr. Hearique J08. 1 ~apier, Capt. ...... ... 2

'Limjee BbictVee, ........_] Nicol, LielJt. Col. 1

M. O.

Malcolm, Brigadier Gpnetal Oliver, Wm.~q. Regilltel'

Sil· John, K. C. B. K. L. Cou~ of ~udder Adawlut,

S. and L. L. D. ... 6 Madras.... ... 1

Malcolm, Dtlvid, Esq ....... 1 Oakes, T: A. Esq. Collr.ctor

iUacbride, John David, D. C. and Mag-istrate at Guntoor. t

L. Professor of Arabic in Osborne, Lieut. Col. H. 1

the linivenity of Oxfol'Cl. 2 . P .

M~cJ..li.n, Hugh George, Esq. •

A d ,'ocate G en. B om ba y.... 1 PottinO'er, " Lie'ut. H. •.. 1

M· . U: I' lie., L' le,I, t . J onlloWlUl, _~L ... 1 Pruen, Capt. John, '" I

Morris, J:ohn ,J;:sq. . ... 1 Prin~p, H. ~sq. .... ... 2

Morison, John ESfl.... 1 Patl'lckson, Capt. W. R. (:al. 1 .

~lcMurdo, Capt. J. Resident Pelly!John H. Esq. FottVic-

• Anjar. ... ••• ... ••. 1 tO~la.... ... ... '" .... i

Mcllraitb, Mr. ... ... ... 1 Pereira, Mr. Josepb Antonio, 1

)lcDonald, Lieut. O. ... ... 2 Pestonjcc C(lwasjee,... 1

)Iunro, James Esq. Register R..

Zillah Cour:t at Dbarrum- Rico, .Claudius JOMS; Esq.

pooram C(llmbalore, Ma- ReSident at llagdad, .... 2

dras. ... ... ... ... ...] Reid, J. R. E!ilq. .... 1

MacaD, T. ESfl. Calcutta. '" 2 Romer, John Esq. Judge &'..

Martin, R. Esq. Calcutta .... 1 Magistrate, Surat. ... ... 1

MeVeigh Mr. Schoolmaster, 1 Russell, Lieut. Colonel, .... 1

Merwa~jee NOlVfoozjee Ma- Rob«:~son T. W. Esq." Ht'ad

nockJee, ... 1 Alislstant 1IiI the Collector at

Mahuwmed Llle Kllnn, ... 2 MlI.ssulipatam. '" .:. 1

8

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R,

Robinsoo, the Revd. Thomal,

Poona.

Ruttonjee Bomanjee,

...

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Taylor, Doctor John,. •.. L

1 Towsey, (:apt. Edward, .•. I.,

1 Thompson, Capt. 17th Dra-

S. goens. .~~ 1.

Shotton, 'William Esq. ... 1· w

Smith, Lienel, Brigadier Ge- Warden, Francis, E8q.- Chief

neral, Poo~a. .•. 2 Secretary t.o the GOYerD-

Stewart, John, Esq. ... 5 ment Qf Bombay. •.. •.• 2

8tewart, Captain John, 1 Wedderburn, John, Eaq. Ac·

Stephenson, R. E. Esq. 1 countant Gene~l. ... •

Steuart, Robert', Esq. 1 Wade, the Revd. N. •...,

Swinton, George Esq. Sec. Willock, Capt. Henry, Charto

Gov.ernI1,lent. Bengal .... 2 ge d'affaires at the

•

Aldi~i6nal-SlJMCRIBUS .fD'~ DRU'l'11li ......

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ICapt. Tho .... n.buek, ... ... ...

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!Lieut. Col. P. BnadalaaW', ••• ...

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..&mea Cald~. EIg. ... t!! •.. ... .,. ~

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THE DES'/'·TIR

\

OR

aatttll _ritinJ~

OF THE

.ANCIENT PERSIAN PROPHETS;

IN 'rilE ORIGIN AL . TONGUE;

Togedaer with

THE ANCIENT PERSIAN VERSION AND

COMMENTARY

OJ'THE

Fifth Saan; ,

CA.REFULLY PUBLISHED

. .r

MULLA FIRUZ BIN KAUS,

'WIIO BAS IVIIIOIJID & C:OPlQVS

GL08SAR·Y

,

Oft. 0 ... .." TceMiclaI P ..... T".,:

• 'Ie "... IS d.D

. I

.AN ENGLISH TS.4.NSZ."I'ION

0' TIIB

De:eatir and Commentary.

IN 2'1f'O VOLl11JIBB.

, VOLIL

B 0.· ... Y:

nlh'aa AT TRB COURIER paUl, BY J~ •• DI JDOIo

t

1818.

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.[ THE BOOK

OF THB

. 4

PROPHET,' TIlE GRE4T AB.JD. ] . t ..

, I

J. LET us take refuge with Mezdan from

evil thoughts \l-·hich mislead and afflict us.

2. In the· name . of Shemta, the Bonnti-

'

fuJ, the Beneficent, tbe Kind, the Just!

3 . .In the name of Lareng!

4. The origin of Mezdam's being none .

can know. Except Himself, who can com-

.prehend it ? .

. 5. Existence and unity and identity are

inseparable propertif's of His original sub ..

stance, and are Rot adventitious to Him.

• COMMENTARY. \Vbence it is ilear t11at. altlJougll

your lubstance is not adequate (0 the discovering of

things till yoo are affected by the quality Of.kllOWled,e;

wbile as lOOn as you are so afF~cted, iuch discovery

becomes practicable'; yet that the same is not

tbe case with God, (Yezdan) a. He knows every tbing

by his own lubltance without the intervention of

qualities. '

, .

a 'rbi. title i, Dot in lb. original 'Dd i, added to mike

the tiut Boc k uniform witb the olben. All tbe tillea of the

Book, bave been added by the Per-ian trall.hllor or by'

some trtnlCribtr; .. tbe Dlmet Ii feD in tbem to the varioua .

propbe" arc lbuM .f&he tranllalion, not of tbe origiaal.

I.

.... I

,

[No,. qf tA, nwulalor. J

O£ •

\

•

• •

•

THE nOOK OF THE

O. HE is without beginning, or end, or

associate, or foe, or like unto him. or

friend, or father, .()r mother, or wife, or

child, or place, or position, or body, or, any

thing material, or colour, 01' smell.

7. He is Living, and 'Vise; and Powerful,

and Independent and Just: and his

kno\\" ledge extends over all that is heard, or

seen or that exists.

'

8. And (all) existence is visib1e to his

knowledge at once, without time: and from

Him nothing is hid.

~:\(MENTAnY. The perfection of Ilis knowledge

consists in this, that it has no dependence on time: and

it appertains to his grea.tness il.lat nothing a ppears as

past, present or fulure; the whole progress of time and

length of duration, with rhe events which, succeeding

each other it4 successive portiono;, mark its divi-

6ions, are visi~le to God at one ,moment s not as ill

our knowledge which we receive by broken portions I

lome of events that are past, some of such as are now

vi&ible, and othels of such as are (0 come.

g. HE doth not evil & abidcth not with

the *evil-inc1ined. Whatever He hath done

is good.

• PERSl~N NOTE, Ile uishfS not forml, and ;",01

on evil-'iUisher. .

10. In the name of Lare~g !

11 .. The Simple Being, without, hope of

retura,

'.

•

.

PROPHET, -TilE GR-EAT ABAD. '8

... ~~rn, of his own beneficence and love' of

good', firs,t of all, created A substan'ce ~ree

and ~ncon1ined, unmixed,' immaterial, not

subJect to time, ,·withol:lt body or aught

material, or dependence on body, or mat:.

.fer, or cpiai,ity, named Behnam, w~ose ·title

~s the chit{f o/·.A IIgels; ,

.. ~ C01UIF.NTARY. . Hail (o,the Bountiful

.

God! . the

Br:-towcr of goo I, t.he Benevolent, the Just, the l"rienli

of Bounry: who w it~IO~lt the sllpplic~tioll'of pel iti

TIlE BOOK OF THE

PERSI.'.IN J.YOTES. • R.lJ tllt:-Angel Am!'''dm, tlho if

the second (R.Jlil ill of') Intelligence.

+ FamahO.m is tile name of tile hea;;m immeditlitlj

'helow the ltighest. ,

tFerarHm, the ,Imrie of ale .'ioulo.ft/lat heateTl.

t Sc1mo.zham ti,e Bod.!! of the Itea-rell.

14. In this manner by each I nteIHgence

he created another Intelligence, and a sour,

and a Body, till he completed the system of

the Heav~ns.

15. As for ~xJrnple *Ferensa, &tLatinsa,

and !Armensa.

P ERSU,V }.'OTES. • Fcrcllso., tI,e Inlelligenl!e "I tA,

sphere 0/ J(tiwan (Salum).

\

+ .La:i.ma ifs Soul.

:I: Armensd it. Bod!l'

16. And Anjumdad and Nejmaz~d ancl

*Shidarad: I

•

.PERSUN NO'TE. And tile Intelligence of 'ke 'p/ltTC

of 1Io1"mu:d (Jupiter) ;$ Al1jumlMd, il, Soul Nij"uisad,

its Bodf !Ilidurdd. ..

17. And Behmenz~d, and Fersbad and

Ricbadwiid:

PERSIaN NOTE." Tlle

•

PROPHIT, 'I'DE" GRI!,}! ABA.D.

-

• 'O~. ADd Nirwln aDd TirwAn and J;tiz.

"UI:

-P."iAIf N(J~~. TIt •. l"!tJlIigenu, ~DUl m.d !1od!l

., ,h. ",.eII of NaAIJ ( Ye.nu,). . . -

/ 20. And Irlas and FirlMs and \Varl~:

, . . , ~

PB"'~II NO'!'Il. The Int.eiligence, Squl tIItfl Sol.,

~ 01 cAe Sphere 0/ Tlr (lJ!ercury J •.

,21.- And Fcrnf4sh and \YernUsb

. apd Ar.

. .

'&lush he did create •

. PEUIAN NorE. 'The Intelli&mce, Soul· and Bod!}

01 the Sphere of the Moon.

22. Of their excellencies and number

little is said ; ~eeing that.the Ang~ll are is:- ,

- Dumera ble. I

23. The. heavy-moTing "stars are m~ny •

. and each.has an Iotelljge~ce, a: Soul aDd . a

. Body. , .

24. And in like manner ev~ry .distin.,ct

.divisi~ ~f the .hea~ns and. pl~Dets~ .h;lth

l It$ .Int~l.lige!lces and .Souls; ,., 4

f I

•

, .... 25. The Dumber oftbe lOlelligences, ,nd -

!ouls. and .stars, .a-9d He~,=~ns,. M.fzdAm

I •• JtnQws. _..' . ..~

~. .20. I~ the n~lJJe ,o"f~~;JLa.~~~·g.r';. .' . .

, . • .L . ....... 1 _

.,

" ..

"

• •

II The laea".moyiD(, .tar. are the find ',Jal'l,. i~ C!On~' •

... aill.n·'ion til th~.pJ"d.· ~b~b. ban ~c.P bef,"ulc en\llDtra· •

• ltd.' Tra7J": _...' • ...

.. . .. . .. , .... -

i A. D.m':~£ God ..... 1IjnJ·tlae. leilla,free froID "",tilie ••

..

, ,

•

\,

" .

,

~"

-27. ':fbe-whfl1e 'Sphercs-ar.e round, 3"d are

, .

pure, and uever die. .

-28. Neither are tlte, light-.of bca~'J~oId

or hot, moist or-dl'v., ~

. .,... .,

~Q. They -nave neither gro\vth nor·iecay.

'~desire\n()r-avenion.

30. They do '~ot possess _the')s';lsce'ptibl

-tity of' a~sumiDg or putting otr an- aspeqt:

_of being brok~n or j()~ned.

'0'

• COMMF.~TARY. T"'"y' ca~nrJt be loon or s!wn;bro.

k('n or mf'n It'd, rent or nnlred.

- 31. They are eVt"r re"olving in their or.-

- bits; and their revolution is ~e1f-directed:

since they 'are living and susc~ptible or

knowledg

•

• aj. '.WhotQe"~r approaches.!be.- Angels,

.ees the substan'c~ of the!IArd {)f tbe ~Vorla i

':, J -.p~"ZN, NfJ" •. "'160 jar. tl~, "lnt#Jl/lJ~cet an4

SNh oft~ rphtres.

' •

~: ~ 38. rfhe rapt~re th~e~

-

arising no trans-

,.. .,.. ~,. ..

"c)r,t ,of. ~ry:e .I~~.er . ,!orld , ca,n. ,e~ua},: ,.;t~e

;r:W~~1 c.-..n.~~t ..e~prr~~",Qor, ~p.~.~~r" P'C1~,

:41Gr tlIe,:.tr'Ye~e S&1Gh eCJtac)·., " ,

, 2p. In t~e H'eavenstn~re is pleesure~sUth

•.. s none but those who erijoy' it caft icon ..

• ~ '. p

c:eive. ' ' ' ...'

,,... a. (The lowest degree of (enjoyment in)

l ilea'Yet1" is 'slcb·.as is . fel ~ Ity -the ~.poo.fC!t of

m~n .wh~.n he 't'c~ivcs a ,gift e'lu~l to this

\Vhole lo'wer world. ..'. , :", '. , ."',

~ 41. llor~ove; the. P'~~sutes ·thai:lrise:il1

"it~ - fro~. . 'th~ b~a;uty '0/: wive's;' and hand.

, , . ~ , ..

r ~3i.ds, 'an4, sl~,:es" (ro,q1 eatjng,a~d.drinkir1'g;

•. from d'res~,

.

'aiia :fine c~r;.:el.s·

....

and: commodi.

....

• ,opsr.se~t~_ IS suc~ as ~a~not be c~r;ti"pl'eheml.

Cd in this lower world.' ' ,".' "

-: '.. '42. J To the' 'Celestials . the': bounty of tbe

)fost High ~~zd.am hath vouchsafed-a' ~ ..

dy whi'ch admi~tetb n~i 'of ~P'!radon, wh~cJt ,

....tqtl1f~ w:a~ o'Jd, ~P~,. j~ (,~~,c~Ptlble I ~i •

• I ~er of pai.n. nor p'~lil~jnent. .~ . ,.,

• . -'. t. , ." 'i : .

.fa. In the Dame of. .. It!~'lP ! ,

•

• ";.t4.~

'.

•

,

•

.. I THE BQOK OF THE

44. FernU~h. is the repository of the in

, fluences, of th~ upper Spheres ;

• PBllS14N Not's. Th, lnteliigntt~ of ,Tt, S,'-e,"/

th~ LJJoon.

- rOMIIEItl1ARY. Ferafilh, who is the Inte1!i~1Ite ef

the $phere of the Moon" bhowereth do~n on the Kimple

element!!, the fltrm!l, accident", and qualitiei which·he

hath collected by his own powers through tlte 1fte(Jiliaa

the revolu:i,JDs of t, e \pheret, and the conjUJICtio ...

the planef~, aD'l the a~pel t .. of the stars.

45. Seeing this place is under the Intelligence

of the Sphe,e of the Moon.

40. Varndsh .js the fashioner of fo~s •

• PUllAN Nor.. Th, Soul oj 114. 'p""-c 0/.

Moon. "

4". Below the sphere of the M~n was

made the place of clements.

48. Over the Fire, the Air. the Water and

- ,

the Earth were 'p1aced tour Angels:

40. Anirab, and Hitab, and SemirAb a~d

Zehirab.

50. Whatever things are compounded'~f

_ • J

the elements are utne~ Impermanept or

pc::rmanent.

COJUIZlIITAftV. "hat retaincth its form,_ is penna- .

,nent; whal dot 1 n.ll is impenu:me:tt•

.. 5 I. TDe impermanent are fog. "a'nt! snow,

and rclin, and thunder, and cluud,' and light-

~1D1 an4IUch l1k.e. ~

."" .

, PROPHET, THE GREAT AHAD •

,T·

• , I '" ..

~2" Over each ~fthese tllere is a Gilardiall'

Angel. . " . ,~ .

. 58. The Guardians of t~e (og, and.~~'f;'

and rain, and t~under~ and c1~uds, an~ ligb,tning"

. are ~filra~, SilrAm, N'ilrA~" M~btAs.

BehtAm and NishAm, and so of the otbers.

, ..

S04. A~d of the permanent co.m:pouDd~d,~

substances the first is the Mineral. ·

' . .55: Of it tbete are many species, as the:

ruby, and the sapphire and such like. '. . :

56. And these have Gaartlians,' such as

,...' .

Beherzam and Neberzam. ' ~

. '

. PERSIAN NorE. BeIlel',dlll ig 'he. pr6tector oj tAet

f'ub!l; Ne'/cr:dm of #Iu; sapp"ire~

, .'7. The next i; the Vegetable, ot which

too, there 'are many spe~ie~, as the cypreSs

an,d the plane, whose Guardians are Azet-'

wan and Nuzerwan.··

_

. 58: The next is tb~ Animal" of which too ..

, .

··there 3-re many. species, a~ th,e horse and,

, , ,

man:

sg. And of them'too each hath its Guar

'dian, as ,Ferarish and Fe,rzloram.

PE1Ul~ NoPE.' ,The former Ihc'PTfJltclOl' 01 "Orlt;,

'lie latter DJ blanlind. ' . I,

60. Each of -these .three· children hath

. . .

aQ act~v. and inte1li,e~t t .s.~ul.,

.

..

\

. ... ~

,~

•

10 THE BOOK OF THE

PZIUI~N N01'D.· n, Mi'Mrcl, Yegelabh tmd .4Jtirnal.

t Free aner independent.

61. 10 the name of Lareng.

, Mezdam sepa~ated man from the othe~ ~.

nimals by the distinction of a soul, which is

a free and independent substance, without

a. b.ody, or any thing material, indivisible

and without position, by which he attaioeth

the glory of the aAngels .

. ~2. By His knowledge He united the"

Soal with the elem'ental body.

~3. If one doth good in the ~Iemental

body, and possesseth useful knowledge, and

acts aright, and is a Hirtasp. and doth not

give pain to harmless animals;

PERSU.V NOTE. Tlte nnmt Hirtdsp is applied to t!,

'l£orshipp" of Yesdcin who rejhins Irom much eati",

tind .leep from the looe oj God.

I

4 NOTE by Itulla . Fir~z. In the ~h( vtne lOII'Ie w~d.

(If Ihe lrallthtion leen! to have been omiu..d .r _iii.kelt·

hy: lhe transcriher. Wherefore Ihe humbl~ FH6z. acr.ortiUIC

to thehret.,fhil poor ulldeoIA,"Jill!!,. ha. rentit!rcd tbetrlclI"

Jalion conform.ble to the tut and iu ... rted it ·.bC).,e~ the·,

oriJ('inal trall .. llIlinn jc I. under. II In Ihe nlUlle nf Yezdi., •

•, Th~ Mi~bl, Yt'Zd,'l. It'leo;cted l\hn frnlll tbe olhet Alii·

II milia and.by giving him _ ginrioul ~"I whiob i. all iude ..

II pendrnt Iub,llnce. Ind (ree frllm maUfr~and form. i"di,;.

II .,hl~,,"ot tlning potilion. without a bouy. and ofwhicla it

.. ' clllnc.t be"prediciled Ihat it ha •• body. wltllnut be!illle

fl ning lind will.ou'.~ftd. unbqunded .nd jmm~nle ... J'I~.itl ik

II 'il c.a\tli~td tbe excellence uf til': Api'c:I • .'~ ,

04.

,

•

PBOPKEt;"iui,GAIAT :.mAD~ ~~

~':~4.~ =Wneri' be '-'patteth: oft, the ~inf~rior:

bodY. I .. will jntr~dllce hlm' into the abode of!

AngeJ8.tb~t h~'ma1 ~ee Me with the near- •

~t angeli. . , . l - ~ \

, (55. And if he be not a Hirt~, but yet

" " '

Is wise and' rar removed fro\m~vil, still wilD

~ e1evate ,him t~' the rapk of A-ngeJ.

... .... " .

. 60 •. And,.:ev~rr one~ ac~or~irgj to '~i. ~

knOwledge anc). hit actions, sh:all,~su~e his:

place in the ~rik.' of Intelligence, or Soul, or

Iieaven~ or' Sta:r, and shall spend eternity ill

that ble~~ci abod~ ,

.' .

6i. And every onewhowilbctbiore~om'.

to the lower world, pnd. is a do~r,of good, .

.&ball,. a~cording to hi. ,kno-wledge, ~d con- .

venation, and 'actiops, ',receive ~~t~ng,

either as a"King, or Prime 14inistox, or s~JDe.

high office, ot wal;h;

_

- 68. Unt-il '~e mee\etb w:it~, a re~ar4

suited· to his d.ee.d.~

• CoJftIU-:.TABT •..He 'IIP r.ijat . lie, will ·meet willa aD

. • I •• ' J

eacl CQI1'_~(JtJl lp; his ~~n'..in hia new Ita~.of

exaltation. ('l'he prophet ~.b!d~· the lloly, 'on .whom,' '

aad,.n his faithful followera be the grace.r Y t'Zdb, •

eaq~ired, 0 -Merciful Judge I and 0 JUlt Prt_ne~!

Virluons Kings, Dod rulerS; and Ibe wi,..t, are 'a4tack. '

ed 6, disea,C!S' in· theirbodiee, and wiJb grief on accoan& '

or ~~eir rc~ari.DS auel CODDcctiollS, IUld iQ forth. 1:10.:;

,. .

It

,

, "

•

.-

•

"

/

TilE BOOK OF THE

is (his, Ind wherefore ?-Tbe Lord of the \VorId, the

)laster of Existence made ans\\"cr:

6g. Those ,who, .in the season of prosperity,

experience pain' and grief, suffer them

on account of their words gr deeds in a

former bo~y, for which the 1tIost Just n~W'

punisheth them.

COMMENTAny. It must be remarked that when aRt

one bas first done e\·jl and ne3tt good, and bas cllteM

into another bOlly: tile Granter of de~iles, in thi. new

stale, grants him his desires: amI moreover, in c:onfor

;"ity 10 His justice, makes hian liUfl"er retribution for bit

offence; amI sufiers nOlhing to pass without iu retorno

}~or, shor.]d He omit any part df the due retribulioaa

lie would not be Just.

o 70. In the name of Lareng •

. Whosoever is an evil-doer, on him He

first infiicteth pain under the human fortn:

for sickness, the sufferings of children while,

in their mothers' worn b, and after they are

out of it, and suicide, and being hurt b}; ravenous

animals, and death, and being subject-.

ed to .

want from bitth till death. are all re ..

tributions for past actions: and in like man~

. .

ner as to goodness. •

. COJ41If&NTARY. Ohllene (hat be says that every joy,.

or pleasure or pain that -affects us from birth till 4ea\b,

i. "'bolty the fruit of put ".~ligua whic:b is. now: reaped.

-

. . (..

•

, ..

"

-.'

PROPIt,ET, TUg GRE.~T ADAD. . .18

"I. The lion, the tyger~ ;th; leopard, tbe

panther and the wolf, wIth all ravenous

Q.~imals, whether" bi~d8; or qua~ropeds, or

creeping things, bav~' once possessed authority:

and everyone whom they kill hath:

been their aider, or abettor, 'who did evil.

by supporting, or assisting, ~r ~y the or

~ers of, that ~xalted class; and having

• given pain to harmless animals are now

p~nished by their own masters.

7';.~ In fine, these Grandees, being invested

with the forms of ravenous'beasts, expire

,of suffering and W'~unds, according to

their misdeeds: and, if any guilt remain.

they will return a second time, and suffer

, .

puni'shment along, with their accomplices.

J

COXXENTARY. And meet with due retribution, till

in some way their guilt is removed: whether at the

first time, or the second time, or the tenth, 81 the

hundredth time, 'or 10 forth.

'73. In the name of Lareng !

•

COKllENTARY. The Lord of the Wqrld speaks thus

to the great prophet A.bAd ; .

, ,

74. Do not kill harmless - ' animals,

(Zindblr) for the retribution exacted by the

Wise on their acts is of another sort: since

th.e h~orse 'submits to be riddeD on, and the

ox,

,

•

'.

•

..

•

l

....

, --

I

,.

L.

I

I·

t·

,:'

e·:

~;

, ..

•

I • . ~

14 THE BOOK OF TllL

ox, the camel, the mule, and the ass bear

burdens. And these in a former life werc~

men who itnposed .. burdens on others un·

justly .

•

• PERSIA."I NOTE. The ZinJb5.r ar8 the harm/en

(LIlimals that do not destroy a'lurs: such a~ tlte "ors~. the

camel, the mule, the ass, awlotlzer:; oj the same ki"d.

75. If anyone knowingly and· intention ..

ally kill a harmless animal, a'nd do not •

meet with retribution in the same life e'ither

{rom the Unseen or the earthly ruler, he

will find punishment awaiting him at his

next c~ming.

75. The killing of a harmless animal is

equal to the killing of an ignorant, harmless

man.

77. Know that the killer of a harmless

animal is caught in the wrath of ~Iezdam,

78. Dread the wrath of Dai. (God.)

70. In the name of Lareng !

If a ravenouS animal kill a harmless animal,

it must be regarded as a *retaliation

on the slain: since ferocious animals exist for

•

the purpose of inflicting such punishment .

• PERSI.lY NOTE. It is a punis hment on the animtU

killed, and an atonement f01' blood spilt, (Ilzd a retl ibu.

tion for the misdt.eds ~ the slain.

•

,

•

I

PROPHET, THE GREAT ABAD .

. 8D. The 'slaying of ravenous animals a

laudcrble, since they, in a former existence,

have been shedder. of blood, and slew the

guiltless. The punisher of such is blest.

- COJUfENTARY. For to punish them is doing good,

and walking iu the way of the commands of the Great

God. 'Vbence we perceive that he enjoin.s ravenous

• animali to beJ>Dt to death, because to be kil~d is their

punishment.

SI. In the name of Lareng !

Such persons as are foolish and eviI~

doers, being enclosed in th~ body of vege ..

tables, meet with the rew,\rd Q"f their. -stu~

. pi~ity and misde~ds :

82. A'nd such as possess illaudable knpw

)edg~ and do ev~l, al'e en~losed i~ the 9.~dy

of minerals;

83. Until their slQs be p\lri~ed; after.

which t~y are ddi~ered from this suffering,

and are once more united ,to a human ~

- .

body: and according as tlley act in it, they

~gajQ m.eet w:ith retribution .

... 84. In ~he name of Lareng !

If a ~an be possessed of excellent know-'

ledg~, yet follow a wicked course of action;

when this vile body is dissolv.ed he doth not

get ano_th~r elemental. bodYI nor doth his

aoul

•

t'

, .

•

--~

I

•

16 THt BOOK OF TH E

j

soul get admittance into the upper abode,

but his evil dispositions becoming his

.

tormentors,

as~ume the form of burnina o fire ,

of freezing snow, of .:serpents, dragons and

the like, and inflict punishment on him:

85. And far from the happy abode, and

from 1f~zdam and the angels, and from a

material body, he broileth in tormenting

flame; and this is the most horrible stage

of Hell •.

J

, I

•

COMMENTARY. He next addresses the holy AbAd j

86. Say thou, May the Lord of Being

preserve thee and thy friends from this great

torment.

. 87. In the name of Lareng !

When hungry and 'sleepless JOu fis:: your

heart on the Lord of Being, separating yoursel~

from this elemental body, yoo see the

Heavens, and the stars, and the angels, 'and

God.

88. Again you return to the material

body: and when this lower body is dissolved,

you once more reascend to that height

which you have aUlveyed, and remain th~rc

for ever.

sg. In the name of taren, !

.,

~ ..

~ :

~ ~ :

•

•

•

- PROPHET, TilB GREAT ABAD. Jf

In prayer, turn to any side; but it is best

to turn to the stars, and the light. _

•

COIIIIEN'IABY'. He ISYS, fhat, to that Being wbo is

_ without piece, you may pray in all directions ,; aod tbat

tbe prayer is good whithersoever you turn in praying

t6 Hi~: but nevertbeless that it is best to pTay towards

the stars and lights, and that prayen made towards the

ltara anel cele~(illilumi~aries nre most accepfable.

gO. Chuse a wife: and l

TilE BOOK OF THE

...

•

gO. ,The property left by thct father and

mother, divide equally amo~g the sons and

daughters: ~nd t? the wife give a little.1:

97. Shew kindness to those under you,

that you may receive kindness from,Mez-.

dam:

08. The Lord of Being creat;.ed his ser ..

vant *free: if 'pe doth good he gaineth

heaven; if evil, he becometh an inhabi ..

tant of hell.

• PERSIAN NOTE. So that he can dust! good tmd

feil and do them.

COMllENTARY. Since the Most Just hill cQD.fentd

011 his creature the facu lty of dislillguislling good from

evil, and givell him powt!r to incliut! to either: hence,

if he do g:..>od aceol ding to the commands of the Just

God (Dadar), in whom there is lIothing but goodud

excellence, lhe highe5t he,Hen, the cbo,ce5t heaven is bis

abode: while if he be of evil di~pt)silions he finds his

seat in lIt II. It is pI iin that praise-worthy or blamea.

ble actioTl$" good and bau conduct arc the peopler. of

l:en.~ell 'lI\d hell: anu that tlle orders of tbe incoQlpara-.

ble God are like the prescriptions of the physiciau.

\V hoever ob~erves the advice .of. the Benevolent, tbe

W is~, e~capes affliction, aud by a little forbearance at·

lain:; evedastinr,. health: while tbe diAease of hian 'Who

does not at lend to it clicreasCs. The physician of course

ili not answerable for either his health .)r sickness.

/::) .

c To thp wire give a lilllt; i. e. (lD lhe dtath or btr bua- '

b"'lId. T~·o.n!.

gg •.

• . '"

..

, .

. ... -

'" ,,'

PROPHET, THE GREAT ABAD; 19

gg. Evil proceedetb nf)t from the God of

.

Existence, and He loveth not evil~

,

, ] 00. I-n the name of Lareng !

The Sup·erior ~~,ings ,and the 'Inferiol

Beings are the gift of the Giver: they can-

not be separated from:Him : they have been,

are, and shall be.

COMMENTAR.Y. Seeing tbat the Beuntiful takes ~t

back ",but He gives; for that is tbe PIOpclty of the

avaricious and rude man.

101. The", orld, like a rad~ation, is not

and cannot be separated frqm the sun of

the substance of the mighty God.

102. The ·lower world is subj~ct to the

away of the upper world.

-J 03. In the beginning of it's revolution

,

the sovereignty over tbis lower world' is

.committed to one of the slow-moving stars:

104. Which governeth it alone for the

space of a thousand yeare ;

105. And for other thousands of years

each of the heavy-moving stars, and swift ..

mQving stars becometh. it's partner, each for

one thousand years.

106. Last of all the moon becometh its

associate.

COlnlt,;"NIARY •. For a thousand ye~rs, like all the

ie:at. 101.

:

"

.. .

•

!O THE nOOK OF TitS

107. A (ter that, the first associate will

get the sovereignty.

COMMENTARY. So that we may call the sfar Wllich

first supported the regal autbority, the first king z and

that star wh ich in the second thousand years, wal it'.

panner, the second king: because, after the lapse of

the regal reign of the first king, this second became

ling. For it is said that at. the terminafion of tbe

rule of the first king, the first partner, who was origi.

nally tile partner oCthe first king, becomes king.

108. The second king goeth through the

round as the first King; and the

~:lme

others are in like manner his associates.

100. Last or all the' first *king is for a

thousand

.

years the partner of the second

king.

• PEr.STAN l!.'rOT£. The period of W/lose. reign fS1ro~

past alld gone.

1 10. Then the period of the reign of

the second king is also past. .

111. And understand that the same is the

course as to all the others.

COMMENTARY. }

' .

• I

. .

PROPHET, 'rH~ GREAT ABAD. 21

\

113. After which the Sovereignty again~

returneth to the nrst king, and ~n this wa'y

there is' an eternal succession.

COl.MENTA BY. The beginnihg of the Period being "

from the first kinCY', and -it's conclu.toiion with the moon.

• I:>

114. And in the beginning of the Gr!lnd .

Period, a new order of things commencetb

in the lower world~ '. .

] 15.

.

And, not indeed the very forms,

'

and knowledge, and events of the Grand Period

,that hath elapsed, but oth:er~ precisely

similar to them w~ll ag~in be produced.

CO)lllENTARY. He says (bat" in the beginning eC

tile Grand Period, combinations of the elements cominence,

and ~gores are produced that, in appea;ance,

and in their acts, deeds and speech are similar to the

figurc:s, knowledge and deeds of the p~t Gland Revol~tion

~ not that I~e v~ry same tigurq are .prod~ced; •

since the briuging b,ck of who.L.is p~st in not fiUing ~

for were it desirable to bring such bac~, why were tlJey

broken and destroyed? The Grand Artificer 'does nothing

of.which H~ n-pentl Him. .

I 116,0 And ev~ry Grand PeriQd that cometh

r:eeembJc:th.from beginning to end the Grand

Period .tbat is .past. . -. ,

" .1 J 7. 0 my cbosen Abftd! in tbe beginpiog

of. this ~rand ,Period t~ou, with thy

, bed mate, ' didst; sur~ive; . and none, other

"'-as left: no\v l\Jankiml' procoed' from thee.

,

COMMENTAny, '

•

,

•

THE nOOK OF THE

COMMENTARY. It is to be ohsen'ed thautthe con,

. .

elusion of a G~and Per~od, only two persons are left in

the world, one man und 'one \\'Gm~n: all the res&. of

mankind perish: And hence mankind derive their ori·

gin from the woman and rpan who suni\'e, and from

whosh loins numbers issue in the new Grand Feliod.

Hence He says to Abad, The origin of nl~.kind is

from tbee, and all proceed from thy toot, and thou

vt the father of them all. .

•

118. In the name of I.areng !

COMMENTARY. He addresses the blessed Ab4d;

11 g. The most ble~t of men are such as

-are obedient to and followers of thee.

, 120. The dearest to Mezdam is he ,,-ho

acteth according to thy injunctions

121. Whom thou expelJest, hiQl Mezdam

expeUeth.

122. Thou art the chief of Mankind.

123. Thy follQwers shall many yean be

sovereigns in the world.

. J 24. Know that the world 'shall ri~ver

enjoy such happiness as in the time Gfthe

princes of thy religion.

125. As long as Mankind do not commit

exceeding evil, thy religion, which is the

mercy of Me~dAm, ahall not Jose it's rulers.

)20. The extirpatioD of thy religion trol8

among Princes is one of. the torments of

Sell UpOD Mankind •

•

PItOPJlET,-TH£ GREAT ABAD.

J21. In the 'name of Lareng!

("OIlIfF-MfART. He now gives some informati()Q r ...

~ing the ~t.s that. Are to arite; , ..

128. A Band ,will appear who are know:

ere and doers,of gOQd, mortifying the Hnses.

(Tipasbud).

'CO.MBNTAllV. Tipal means self-denial in the way

or Ood and bis wOl'Iibip, in respect'to abstinence ill •

'nting, drinking Ind sletAp.

e

And, one who eserci&et

tueb abstinence is caned 1\ Tipi1abud nnd Hirtthp.

J 2g. And this Band are in a bles6ed road •

. 130. And' tbere is ~ di1ferfmt, Band wbp

know and do good, without p,ractising au~

8t~ritiest and who investigate. the real na.. •

ture of things by the guidance of reason.

ancllive 88 Sirdt1ap.

P~llSlAN NOTE. The Sirdd,p tI1'~

~il"out marti/yin, their 6Qdia In deoolioiz. .

SItC" cu seek iootl

CO.M'I.TAltT. ,The SirdAsp is tllat ~cber af\ef ,

God, who leeks Him without (8Ub~ing himielf to) .

absllnence in food or sleep, and .itlaout(~i1ag) '0.

litary ~ulioa; who attempt. to uptain hidden thiap

by the guidance of the lI~ing; 8Il4l who dOOll

Dot deem it lawrul to ~urt any thing h~vlng ~ire. The

two c .... that have been mentioned are diatiJiguiaheci

u the eaHghtened and the ,aideI.

. 1 S 1. A Band next succeed;' who know

iood, aDd practiie evil, v~iDg' bar~l ..

creatures.

....

--l'UE nOOK OF 'fI'IE

•

COMl't(ENTARY. The (]istinctive mark of this band

is that they {o,oe knowledge ~nd ingc!n~ity: anti yet.

vex ~!lrmless animals, and stain their monlhs '\\ilh the

blood df unoffcnding creatures, and fill their beUil's

\lilh them.

132. There is a Band that 'mingle together

seruznim, and nirudtm and jirazraql.

COll!lIENTARV. 'Vhat first shines on tbe heart in

worshipping Yezlhill is called Seruznlm: and. ~\"idence

that is ag.eeuble to the ullder~tallding, am] the ,yords

consonant to reason arc callt:d Nirfmlffi: while the remark

which is absurd ilnd not founded on reason is

called J uraw1m: alld by these the pure-hearted are

distinguished.

133. One·13and say that except the substance

of God there is nothing immaterial.

COlIl\IEXTARY. The distinguishing mark of this class

is that they hold' that all tbe angels are bodies and material;

but that the C!ssence of God is free and independent.

.

134. There is another class that say that

Mezdam is matter.

CO)l MEN TAR Y. And these materialists infer that GOtl

lias a human form and such' like~

135. And some hold that ~fezd!m is;l

~

Temperament.

, CO:\tMENTARV. ,Which is ~ power peculiar'fo bO,dy.

130. One class deem themseh"es' pro..

phets, in spite of their ml'Jcstiong harmless

."eat ures. ~,

13j •

•

•

't 37. 'Without kindness to harmless a~i.

'lndls arid self-mo'rti1ication,l1on'eean arrive

it'the angels.

138. Such abroe beneath tbe sphere of

the n\oon, a~d

by v~~ue'of their·little selfmortification,

following their own fancies,

l.!ken what fhey lee to other -things, flnd

thus come to act wrong. ,

COII.aNTARY. lie Sa,YIlhat one clnss e:ttcem th~m"

lelvCl prophets amI messengers of God. But as with ..

'"t JDorttfying the budy, throwing'1)fF . bad disposition.

ad accalAulating~.g6Qd ,,:orks, -the cbief 'Of which;.

!ulltanitft6 harm'ess aMmals, ifls imp'o,;i;ible to ascend

the ipherel and teach the sfirs arid 'ang~ls;

and a. -It.'it

Cloll bayc not (o11o\\'e() such a courSl", ;he,jce, f .. 'om the

deficiency of 'heir merlitication nnd froOm thtir Dot

~a.i;'I'endured suOicient suffering, dley see aome lighe

'rlow tbe wpliere orine mOon: alld,their so~l not ha,~.

iuI'I*ined-fhe 81cetldCDlry oftr tile ima.gi'i-ation, thf'1

(uhion what things they ob:&erve tlc('ordillg to tbe 'erea"

fiola! ftr their o\\n i,noginatlon-: thus luiting their

lno",lodg'i to the 5)'litem of rbrar fRnc'i~I'i

and 'they do

Ilot dWoOver the rcaJ n.,ttlre of wllafthey see, but follow ..

hlg ti,e image "bid. Ih'eir fancy liRB conceivt-d full fronl

truth into de!llr'ucdon, ohd dr." -down their foliu\\'cri

ioto perd itioll.

i30. One class observing 1'bat men are

lniserable, confine themselves '!2'eTely to

tsot -k iJ ling them.

1 ""0. For th~rc is a c1:lss that deems. the

kiUiDi of ~ m:lD pr3isewortoy.

COMlISNTlRY •

, ,

,

, .

'.

.. --

•

:t.•.

"

_ 5,*

•

16 THE BOOK OF TRIl

COMlIllfT A aT'. By this he marks out a 01.., wit.,

itt order to appease the Might." and Angels, kiD ..

with the .word, and put themselva to dea~t 1UP1*~

ing tbat God will be gratified.

J41. Some faunder. of Sects say, M1 fe.

]igion shall never ~ destroyed.

COlu.ENTAay. He here point. at. eJUI who I3J

W their disciples, O~ rel~ion paIICS not away; 4a

110t desert jt~

142. A.d wan will arise among them.

COMMENTARY. He jndie"ta that confhct. will I;i;;~

in the religiQDI of these founde~ of Sects, and inno\'1/t

lor. in religi.on, a~d tha& tbey will fall Ollt together,

and that whore tbere ar~ many Sec\5 in one religion, and

whfre rn~n1 slloot. prQCeeU from ODe root, QCh braneh.

deem. the other bad.

14 a. Th ere ' is a class of men that have a

little knowledge, but are no, doers of good;

~nd one of such 3S do some good, bU.t baT'

not much know ledge of good.

CO~UIENTARY. He here marks Il dass ~ho are foJ.

Iowerl of I he wis~, bu\ do ~ot proru hy their pre('epts;

and RDntlier .i.rnil~r dJU ,,1\0 deem themselves pure,

anel have a lil,le Q,f good "orks, but yet are D9t wist.

144. An.d there shall be 5.0 many Sectt

and l>rinccs that volulD

iW)P8RT,. TUg CREA,. ~BA,D,. ~

tla~ is 1\0 road to find the. Self .. Existen~~

By: ~bis road every Ol¥.! of the class of H uristara~

and N I;1ristars, ~~d Surist~rs and Ruzi.,

lars ~,11 pin heav~, and fin.(\" Ii,tation aCiew

cordi. tQ his work~.

•

CO_1I1t1'l('I'.lRV. FeraendAl is the ~~e or the R~~'

.iQll Qf Ml'h.AbAd (or the ~rent Ah6d );-In Pehle~i

the lIurisl.r. are callFd "AlIlurnt1n-They are the Mo ..

bed. all~Hirbeda whOle duty is 10 gllard the faithl fO,

confirm the kJ)o~t~dgt alld p"~f'pts 01: religion, and ~,

ah,bl~h ju.tice: 'fh~ N .. rill'r~ in I'chlevi, nr:e ~med

Rell,i~htar4n, and ale the Pri\l.CtI., and \V'J1riors wbo

. ate. ulled to gr~de'lr, and Imp~,jority, 8n4 command"

and ~'orldly I\\ay. The SwistArs in Peblevi are d~ ..

hominated \Vash'eryfish4n,. and are devofted fo c;very

kind of bnsinea and emplo.)·menf ;. The Ih,zi.tlr~ aro.

in p,hlevi "iled Hotllkhshin and are arfiznns and hll".

, "

bllrldmen. And YOIl can&\ot 1\Qd auy IDn~ DO~ i,Dclll~

cltd in these claslieS.

J 46. In the name of J~3reng !

Every on.e who lahoureth i,n explaining

theFerseQdi~, s.hall g~,n a high place in hea",

ven.

t"" Be confidently as£ured that theFef ....

s.~nd~j is true.

•

,

' .

COJUIP.NTABV. It, flay. 'B Mankincl.-Kno-. ye

_" c~,,,fid"ntly, ... tl he wl'll as."u,: til, that the religioQ

Qf ,h~ bl~vJ .o\hAcI, (on whtlliC .. oul ond on "h068

foUn\\erM Iw hll'lI-ing" llnntlmlX"red of floe Wi e, ) i. Ih'

tlraight and vue loau. Let him wlJo h,as .'Y lIncit'f.

tilaudi,,&,

, ,

."

TIlE nOOK 6F tu'E

standing, and j~ in clo\;bt, observe how fir "Ibis laar.

lowed rei igioo is Hlperior to allotber 8ects, and lba'i

no olhcr nJarsc posscsses such purity and I,,"ertnest~

H he desires IInfail:nf1y to ~ce and ~now "hat ha,

been rc\'cnt!d, it mnj' te tlone inh,:o ,'-aYIL'; mther 'le't

him hC'come a II illa~p and by suffering "pain disio\Od

\the,.ealllatnte oflhillgs with (he mind's lye; or let him

bl~colll'C'a SinJasp amI comprehend the teal nature of

things bye\' illenee.

1 ~S. In tIre name of LaTeng ~

: ·CO)IMENTARV. lIe addresses the human race;

14"9. Stand in drean of guilt,:fn"d deem

the smallest offence great": for a slight aill\lent

becometh t'l dreadful disease.

COlillEl'fTARY. forthe di!.order that at nrstis sligt't,

j~ cured if 1I1anagcd aC('ordiug to the plescription of tbe

physician: but if trrated Ugh' y, 'or if no phlsieian be

cOl1suitt'd, it speedily ('ncrea~es and l'omes to tucb a

llcigllt as to pass tLe i~o\\'er of remuly. Now tin: ad.

vice of propl:efsJ Des1 firs or l\1 o\..:ctb, r~(,D1blts that of

tlle Physician, If a man Ie gr:ered f'!r Ilis offenC"eI

ahd dca,'c unto pnrit)', nnd make choice of rcrenmnce,

Jle escapes fronlhis -di· order: but if he £loes not, dieQ

be rC"tcilCi a l.>bcc Wlal'fC hi~ mi£ery becomes c\'erlaslo.

mg.

150. Be riot without hope of His mcrcy~

CO,.UIENTARY. Ih: ~v~, A"'oid e\'i1 in it's begin~

2li::lg,llntJ nbatev(,l JO~ \TIny han done UDwiftin~lJ't

tll foW it ott; 31111 rt}>fnt of it. And be tlot "itt~oll( hore

from the merry Qt G cd; for Ue js kind .n~ merciful;

1 e a1fiictll fiOt 1;!'I ~e:vant from wrath. He ~entoL,

Llc~

\

.. ,

PROPHET, THE GRE~T ADAD; ,"..,

btes the teacher, who when the 8.cho~ar atten~s not

to.lleaming.,'chastehs him willi a rod for his'good.. •

J 5 j _, When each of the Sharistars com ..

pleteth ifs revolution or entereth it's l\lan, ..

• iOD~ celebrat,e it as a Festival.

]52. Regard the Ascetic and the Sage as

your friend, and obey their injunctions.

153. At the birth of, a child read the

.'De,satlr, and give something in the road of

"Me~dam.

. ,

~PERSl.J.N N07E. The Book of God.

1'54. A corpse you may place in a vase

of aqua-fortis,or consign it to the nre, or

t'o the earth.

'

COMMENTARY. The mage of tb~ .Ferse.ndajianue":

garding the dead was this :' After the Soul had left tbe

body, they washed it in pure, water, 8l)d dre~d, it~"

cleaJl and pc;rfum~ vestmen~: tbey ~ben put it into

, a vase of aqua.fortis, and ",ben tbe body was dissolv

~d, canied tbe liquid to a plQ(:e far from the city and

pour~ it out; or else they ·burned it·in fire~ after at.

tiring it u has been said; or they made a dome, and

fonned, a deep pit witbin it, whicb tbey built and

'Whitened with sto~e, brick and mortar; agd, 011 itf .

edges, niches were construc~ed and platfomlS er~cted,

on which tbe dead w~re deposif:ed: or they buried a

vase in tbe earth, and enclosed the corpse i~ it; Qr

.~uried it in ~ c08:!n in the grouD.d ~ ~Qd in t~c ~tima~

d. In 'he road of Mczdlm: that -i. Cor God' ••• t.lD .eh ..

,rill' TrCl7fl. r' '

- . ~oq

,

. r

, ,

!8 . TIlE BOOK FO THE

.'

tioll of the Fersen dajian , the most eligil.lle of all tb~c

was the \·aseofaqua.foriis.

155 . After nny one hath died. read tbe

Desatlr, and give something to the wOPshippers

of God, that tbe soul of the depart.

cd may attain beatitude.

155. To !\I ~ zdaql there is nothing more

ple~sing than chari ty.

157. Make atonement for the offc:nce

which you may have committed.

158,. Do good; and grant a~sistance to

those of the same faith ( hem-fersenj ).

150. Take from the thief the double of

what he bath stolen'; and after beatin~ him

with a rod J throw him for some time UltOI

prIson.

100. Bqt if he w'ill not amend, let hi[Jl

be led round the city, and let hjlU be em ..

ployed in bearing heavy burdens.

,

COMMeN TABY. According to the rdigion of tllI~

Prince of til Fersemlilj ttkith, if a persoll be (l\kcn

a second lime in theft, be is Jed with disgrace about

t he i YJ which operation j.bey call H.uk!z : alter wldCb,

as It pllotshmtnt, Llu~y bea.t him with ' a stick, lace

fi,tters 011 hi' fee t,. and make him carry btick and mud

for repairing houses, and keep bim Zll wals di-agreeabl.y

employed W luch 11l.uQuxs.

lOl ~

I.

, ,

•

.

PltOPli ETa 'l'H~ Gl~E4 T AB4D. 51

. .... ..'".

.

'!til. One guilty of .adultery is to be punished

by being b~~te~ with !~~S a~d te

THE nOOK OF THE

yet tllat _it ooes liot ber.orn e brtter and hspP.ier thaa

thC'y. Hence 'we pe rce i,~ p tbat it cannol, wh ile lIelow"

alt. .in efj llnli1y w il lI theCel tial ; and that those wbo

make pretences to any superiority ~.re deceivers a~d

fabe l eachrr '.

l(i7. 0 Abud! That js the ,vord ofMezc;lrlffi

,vhich an Angel bringeth on thy heart.

] 08. Or what thou hearest from Mezdtlm

when thou leavest the body (nemiddiJ along

",itb the Chief of Angels.

CO:\I.JI E fliTARV. "'"mlllen j to leave tbe earthly 110'

I

(ly, alld ngain return to jt; and also means to aLtain t.o

• Iwowledge of the truth of things (o[ InS"piration).

He says, The speec h of God is not breath and does lIot

posse_s sound: And t hat is Inspiration whicll descend.

on the heart throug h the intervention of an Aog-el, or

til t is learned or G o ,,,lIen you lIa,'e left the body.

And lliisin pir. tion after JOu rej oin the body you commit

to words and deli\'er forth by the breath of speech.

] 00. Thou hast seen me and heard my

words; convey these my words to aU my

servants below.

COMMENTA n y. Since- the Cclestials and Supernal!

arcz all abed iellt, and uch as are near Yezdcln' have liB

need of all cilrtLly prophet.

} .70,. After thee Jyafram wB) revive tby

religion, and will be a migl ty prophet.

CmlllE TAllY. Hence He declares to the blessed

Abacl, s this holy Hel ig-ion jn cORscquence of the

'wickedness or m n will be corruplcd and taU, JyaJr4m,

cue of tlly ra t e" will re~' ive Ihy reIi.rion, and 'iifuse it

anewilDollg m t'Il;' and he is a mjghty !lropflet.

.....

..

:

..

OF 'rUB

.....

\. L~t US take refuge witli Mei~&ltl {ro'm

evil thoughts which -mislead and :dHict us.

2. In the name ()f~h:unta, 'the Bountiful;

the Beneficent, the Loving, the J list.

3. In the name of Hermehl", the bestow ..

er of da,ily food on .Uliving, tbe protector

of the good.

4'. Praise be unto the Self-Existent who

first created the "free world, and nex:t the

world of bodies~

5. Look a'nd behol\l! 0 Jyaf'r&m son elf .

A badarad; bow at the c:oDh~and of the'

ifost High God (Me~d~ai), the .Lord or

Bodies, enclo'ing all bOdieS \Tithin his cir:..

euit, ever tevolveth ; .

• PlllUl.4.1f NOTJ:~

UdlJ . Ten o.c1i4r, ren-6.4, Ten.

Intn, Tenlm; Tekemten, b.,ing the Gretll SpAere. ~

, .

CI The rree world i. tom pOled 0' the Anpf., 9n"f. and

ltucllpcu. who an free from ,be ibciamtirance ClrboCl,~

II Ah thrae nlglfo' ht-lf)T1, to the Nimh .,r "'ghe,' JiH.:

Yf'n: llte1"cniC, uhler of bodl~ •• leader or.bodld, bear,of.

bodld, bQd1 Or.bo~1'

the incomearable tlcrilz.

\ It

I

•

THE BOOK OF TUE:

O. And carrieth the other spaeres along

with him from Eas,t to 'Vest;

7. Although the revolution of the spberes

below the G,reat Sphere, is, by the decree

of the Creator, froal \Vest to East.

8. And in the sky among the slow-revolving

stars;

, '

g. As the Ram, the Bull, the Two-forms"

the Crab, the Lion, the Bunch of corn, tha

Balance, the Scorpion, the Bow, the Goat~

the 'Vater-bucket, the Fish~

10. And in like manner, in the lower

heavens are the moving stars,

11. Sin~shir, Berhesti, Bdram, Heramid~

Benld, Kaleng, Famshid;

12. And these' are my chosen servants. '

'Who never have been and never shall be disobedient.

COM!tl£NTARY. He says thal the spl1errs, in spite or

tlleir mngnifude and vicinity to God, are no.t exempted

from hi .. orders; and from lime without ,b4aginn,ing

"'hen they ,,'ere created, even unto the end of eternity,

JleVer have disobeyed and never shan disobe'y' •. The

,rst time that I was called to the world above, the

Jwavens and stars said unlo me, " 0 Sasan! we bave

bound up our loins in the I'ervice ofYezdan, and never

\,ithclraw from, it, because lie is worthy of praise: and

'\ye an~ tjIJed with astonishment how mankind can wan:'

del 50 ,"iue from the commands of God 1"

, .

I

L'

- ,'II!

pROPHET JYAFRAM'.

13 .. Next the tire~- and' air, and water,.

and earth;

. CcfMlIIBNT All T. He sa fa, .fte\, the spbe're, the foul' .

elements were created.

. , I

14. And from'the mixtur-e' ... of these thea

,

Mineral, the Vegetable and Animal.

I

COMMENTARY.' God made and creat£d.

. 15. An are actively employed by th~

art of the Most High •

. ] 0.. In the ~am~ of the :Beneficent, the

Best()wer of daily food on all living, the Pto ...

tector of such ~s do w~]J.

'

17. I have said e ' that 1 :first of aU cbosQ

AbAd, and after him I sent thi~teen prophets.

in succession, all called A b~d.

18. By these fourteen prophets the worI~

enjoyed prosperity. ,

COJUIEN'lABY. When you add Abad fQ -the ttair. .

teen prophets whe.ucceeded him, they make ·fourleen.

And tbe faith of tJaerp all was' similar to' that ()f the'

Mebibid, and they were followen of Mehablld; and

tho~ ~ad~ kiegdorns flourishing. Praise be 01\ ,Abtid-;

and on these .A,bAds! .

1 o~ After them the kings" tbeir ljeute~

l1ant~J pr~serye~ the world in happiness'.

20. When a hundred ~d or j-eirs had-:'

. .". .

" ..

~

.

. ol";Tbe aense would rtq\lirc this t'l be .. I lay ~nto tbet:"

p;tss~d

B

•

,

, .

..

•

'\,.

, -

THE BOOK OF TO E

passed under their sway, Ab!didd, resign~

ing the sovereignty, de.~t~d himself esclu~

~ively to the worship of~Iezdam~ ,

COMMENTAnv~ It is to be observed that the robow~

ers of the F"ersendAj Religion callell a tho~ind times

'a thousand years a Ferd, and a. thousand Ferd. a Jr"d,

and" a ~housand \Verds a Jltlerd, and a tbousand Mereta

a Jr1d, and three thous'and Jids a Wad,anil two thousand

,Velds a Zdd,· so that;, following tbis computation,

the kingdoin rcmaine

,

. ..

PRoPlrEt JV-A:fRAM ..

•

thou now assume the Gove'D~t,

ad

.dorn the' Fersendnj ReligIon •

. 23 •. I have cho~eD thee for the work ot

propbecy, and have gra~ed 'the Fe~sebdaj by

,bee.

24. And 10! make the words of Heaven

which I have. sent unto thee, a portion of

the *DesAtir •.

. .

·PEnst.4lf NOTE.WltiC" lathe·Booi of tMbl&ssed

jIIehdbdd. .

25. And keep' wen the way of Ferzabftd,

for it is th~ r~ligion. of God; and thi~ faitb

fihall never be lost from among the Mez.

dAmians. ,. ..,

20. Whoe~er .is the friend of God ( ~~sbdai),

8na1l walk in this rbad.

'.

27. In the name of the Beneficent, th~

. . /

•

Bestower of daily food to aU ~~:vidga !he

Rewarder ()f those who act well. .

28. T~e NecessariJy .. Existent !

COMIISNTAILY. 'Vbose Being is necesS'llry;' the Uncl.~ubf.fdly-e:tistip"

Ever-dur~ng, Eternally-stable,. lm~

J1V,liabte-of.oece,sit V,. without beginning or end, existing

... ith~p~ tjJ~ ~tr~~u~es ~f fi~t' or Jast, who bas b~n, is,

and shall be, and to whose everlasti11gness 'trnd eternity

tI)ere is no ~ginnillg, nor commencement, nor aw,~nor

1·· bo d ,..

lIDlt, nor un," t, ..... I

r I ,

~ Jig. tight of Light!! .. -... i .. ;'.. .

CO»~EftTAnY.

, .

•

THE BOO~ OF THE

COIIJlEN'!' A ftT. Splendor of Splendor., briglltRe5S or

brightnesses, cornucation of corruscatioul, shining of

ahining&, blllze ()f blazes" .. . of ilIuminations';

tbe being from ' '" : , Ji~ht the abode of 'light~ 'baa

derived its light, anq fr~ who~ the abode. of splendor.

has received the spleDdor of -exlstence, Ilnd except frolll

'Whose brightness the uodt ~f brig~tness hAS no bright.

lIels, and from wJ).om tbe city of corruscations Teceives

its power of tQrruseation, (rani' whom IIhinm~ ,bines;

and without wbom blazing doel not Mate,' from th~

gtor,. of whose essence proceed. tbe illumination' of

illuminations. . ,

30. Among the adored wOltby of ado-

• , - r

ratIon. " , -

·CO*IIENTAKV. And among the worshipped mod

, worthy ot Worship. Let,thOIiC' whQ are supplicafed by

the great for their grandeur SUl)plicate him ""l,th theil'

whole grandeur; and most fifting'it is'lhat the lauded '1

should laull him, and the mighty, render' unto him

Jtrayer and praise. , " .

a I. 'Lord of Lords!

COMMtNTA.~. King of Kings, Emperor' of f=mperors,

Ky of:Kys, Dara of Vi-ras, Judge of -jud,~

Chief ofChie!);, Greatest of tile Great! 'l'he abOde" of

Lordliness ill his servant! the resid~nce of Kings ,is his

worshipper, the city ot Uoyally is proud' to obey' Uim!

Princes place their ho~ in his Gale, Varas look for

protcctipQ. (fOUl his grace ~ hi; ,10TT is the J udp Gf

~Jldgel! I.

32. The Exalfed !

CO •••• T •• Y. ai,b 0'" ~e Loft1! Sublime 0""

t_ •• _ ;.'; .......

-- I

.'

PIlOPHET JYAFUAM.

.. '

dle Gnal ! The Bf'stower of exalt8tio~ on die abode "'or

• exall:ltion, and the EICYIl!er of . the 'r~idence' of , ~~va'"

lion, the Railer of ',be til.1 of .~hli~~~y; whQ lil-

Ira~~eur t,o'lh~ cial of .... Ddcur. '

. • I..

3S. Of W'oncltrful Praise ~

. . '

COllMENTARV. Grami ~orsliip and miglJ~y tluinJu.'

gi ving'i the pra ise of llle vi'ttce 01' pra~~c'of ciliielJ8,

the ohjc~t of prayer lQ tbe place' of pra)'~r in the 'aarrow

lane, die sllbject or wonohip1to tbc;c \\'lJo d\vc}l

in worship ill the habitation ofthnnksg',irig.' .\ :. ,.

~4. Of supreme Splendo r !

": '.

, CO'=i:UENT-+RY •. And striking light, fnd unlimited

brightllC', ~iid '&Llong blazing, and rClJplcndellt shinin~~

mighty m:a.lifn i"t ion , ~Ild magnificent clearness, and'

'wonderful brigbtnesa; and "bdundIess ,lory; seeing (bat

die splendor of the IplelJdor~besfo.('I1, 'be brigla.n.ss

of the gjven C)t" brighlll'ss,' the Jigh& of tJte enlighfenerf

and th~ b~aze. ,?f t~e emblazoners, anti the flashing ~f.

the flashers, I;lnli tbe manifestatien" of the mlDi(esters,

and the glory 'of the gtoriti~n, '~nlJ the' illumination of

\ .... UluDlin'ton, and tho TiaibUia, ~f,~ displal.

proceed from Hi~. . I , ~.

s~, Of splendid Brightness ~ "~

.....

Co~n.BNTAaT. And ~biJ)inl liJht, s~roDg glare, ~.

ceedin(l:'splendoi', a!ld'grcat ilJuPliJJatiQO: for lbe spl.ciidor

oCthe abode of IIplenddr proceeds from Him, abd the

.Clte.' bf abiaiDg ahinel from Him j the city of Uille

..m.don· He· illa.inatel; He ,iYei ligld &0 the f9u~t

lain of ligbt, ............. to· .... c:ily of bri,JicnlSl :

'be land of ,loti He rlariSet; tbe ~ of IplClKlor q.

~cI~frOIll Hla ~~~e~~ $e~e~

. . ., ,

7 .. +=-

•

10 'tHE BOOK OF THE.

"

36. Of mighty ~fightjne6s !,

COKllENTARY. And va~t vastness, ,nd great great.

ness, and lofty loftiness, and high highness, and exalted

exaltation, and sublime sublimity, and awful awtulness;

so that the mighty are mean, and the vast little',

and the lofty depressed, and the exalted humble, and

the high low, the grand gronlling, and the sublime

lowly, and the great small, and the tall sbort, and the

• broad narrow, and the deep is as a ford 11Jlt~ Him.

, 37. Of entire Perfection! .

COMMENTARY. And unlimited excellence, and com';

plete righteousness: for He bestows per fection on tLe

perfect, and Righteousness on'the right.

38. Of unbounded Bounty!

• •

COMMENTARY. And the never-failing 'Giver, tb.

perfectly Generous: for, from His board no created

thing is without its portion, or was or shall be~

3g. Of wide-diffused Goodness!

•

J

I

CMHBNTAUY. And extensive excellence, and long

worth, and broad beneficence, and profound gladDeR:

whose goodness Ttaches to all places, whose worlh ex

~iIlds every whe~e, and whose excellenc, spreads frOID

t~ one limit of existence (0 the other.

40. Of glorified Light!

CQMXENTA ay .. Of exquil~te splendor, strong brisht.

ne.~.1 grand blazing, and glorious effulgeDi:e. Hi0l10t1

must adore; for illulIliaation of ~art falls DD the iU .. •

minated from Him only.

41. Of infinite Greatness! •

C0101E!'4'TARY. And entire mightiness: His won·

derfulness,

•

, '

..

•

w.lne.., is undellbted before ,'all, and' Hi. gran~ut

ack.owled~ bJ all; Hil grinde.r ill necessarily ~OIl4!

felled by all Beings within the lim~ts of creation •

•

42. 'Of conspicuous EfFulgence!. .'

Cb\uiBlfT A R·Y.. Manifelt light, consp!C1Idut brfgllt •

.., anti blaziftg. etrulgenc~; for eYery thing is leell

by Hi. light, and is produced frolD His splendor,. and

from His brightness receiv~ \tring, and takes exiSlelu:e

frtJm His intense blaze, and becomes visible from H ••

~ ~. .

efi"ul,ence.

..

43. Of iQtense l!4ightiness !

, COMMEN~A.ay. And.'grand exaltation, and sublime

aublimity, and enduring greatness;.. since Cftiefs, and

nulers, and the EllaHed, Uld the Great, and the .Migh.

ty, and tbose who lift high the head, dare Dot disobey

Him, and cailliot. withdtaw their he&d~ (ft"om obedienc~

imto Him).

44. Th~ Bestower ~f what is suitable.

COMllENTART.: Ana the gift of agrteable lensationa

to lbesGul and body ; for' kno:wled~,. "ad the gift of

-w'ilat is suited tC cherish the body, proceed from Hia

escellc.nce; siDee the &reatucss of His bounty cannot bI'

~x pressed. • ~

I

45. Of extensive'Empire. ,

" COlUlUtAilY. AruilWide domUaion; for there is no

1imit to His creati.9n~ ~ DO bound. to .... hIlt I.lc. hu

made.

40. Of re~Ddel'lt Goodness !

I

COXXENTARY. Awl ma~ifest es~lence, and efi.

aent benevolencc j. tor wballmJ il ~Il- ·with the e1e;"

er

J

. ,

,

.. I

•

, 41. .:rUE ,BOOIi -0F TU'E

.Q1obsen:ecl h¥ ~he mi.d, orunderst()od hy thejud~ment

·i~._ roy of His goodn~s: and His gOOdDeti baa no

,bounds 1 and is ",it bout limits.

, 47. The .blessed Give-r!

.. C.OMlrIENTARY. And lhp. happy lind gloriouIIS$eRot·;

fpr bJessedlle~s, and goodness, and .bounty, exce.pt oi

lJ im, are none.

48. ,Of high "PUl\ity !

"COMMENTAIlY'. And snrpnlSing w~rth, Ind .pnre

,greatness,nnd whose glorious abode (. K!Jtlbadi) i. free

,from impmily: for-tlle dust of.uncleanness t&ll. Dot 0.

the Jlem of his garment, nor on tbe migh,ty that ar~ nigla

qnto him, even the Empyre,lists. (Ry~nistarzi).

40. The Lord .of ·Brigbtness·!

COMMENTARY .• \Vhich is &ll~d abrOlld: 'and the

Lord afthe ~eat of'Lordship, which is .he rlace of al;l-

gfls, and the cit]' of Angels) and is Dot hid fl,?m lhepe

.netmti ng-

. -ao. The uui.versal.CreatQr!

COMl!fENT A RY. The Maker of all tllingr (bat be:

The power of creation is inhM'ent in His essonce, and

.-bate\ler is. created is suitable to the Creator ; ~d "hat •

. ever is produced, its production is right.

61. First of the First-!

.cOJUIENTA-RY. The beginning of beginning "Me'"

had no fi~, the beginning -of "hieh beginning CabDGl

lbe found; and of eternal dura!ion wilbeut end.

,52. The CreatOl'.af EssenCe ~

.• 48. Throle t.rms Kyab/tni and Kyaft.ltaoj are appJiea t.,

.. .\ba.c .. ~"y;c tb.' ~.p~b Ql ~pJ',Ij\:.u. .,"uve..,.

. .C~)JII!IENrA.r"

-

.,

•

.... .. - ..... .. ~

~Plu'PH"ET "jYAFRA'1t.

, .

'COll1lIMTA * r .. 'Tire "Maker o(th~t which make~ every

":~ .. ial"it is ;-the' producea:.of eue~ce; the former~.('

"hac destinctive essence "hic~lmakes a thing wbat ~ is.

~3.The E"XhibiteT of:Identity 1

, '

t ,

,.ColrllaIfT-ARY. "And. persom:lity; and being, and.

.lel~ ~d ~xililellce ; _Dd He \ltthe Cl"eator of.au weuti~

tit5 ; and nOlle olher but He. .

. ~54. p'r()vidence of Pro~idences ~

, (;o~nr&!lTABY. And Lord of LoTds, G~dim ot

Gu.ard.v.n.s,.d Protectorof.prot~ctol'1. ,

" 55. Wonder of Wondersl ,

" "

COltIiENTART. The causer of wonder to the won ..

4erflal, the Creator ~f the 'pl~ce ~r ~onde~,: and" .~~ ~\l

• ,,'oo&hn, the m!'6t wonderful 'is 11 is ~nce;.·

,10. The Creator qf G,rac:eJ

~ .

COMJlBNTAal". Most graceful of the graceful; th.

Creator Qf purity, purest of lh.e purt", tbe pure Cteatot

df purity; the Creator of praise and the ob~ of ~

,raise.

57. God of Intelli~ences t·

• ".cOMJlEBTAllT. :Lord of 1J~denundjngsJ Crea&oro.f

Intelligences, aDd Jlaker ot IntelluJi", .

, ". I,ord 'of Souls ! -

, .

COJlHSH'1'All'Y'. Who'is (be MaSter Creator "r.them;

50. The' Indepe~dent of .tl:le ~Dd~pe~.

c1ent·! .

COKlIaHTAaT. T __ e free ofthefree; lrbo .made ,th.

Indepeaclmt indepadenl, and o~ the free bestOw~ free~

~. " ..

.. ,,0.

I

p

THE BOOK OF TAt '

6e. God of the upper Sphetes!

COMMENTARY. He is Kteper of tbe high heafttl'J

and Lord of the sublime spheres.

61. Lord of the lower Elements r

•

Co~nlENT.A.RY.

And supporter of the fouresseaea.

62. Lord of the yet unconnected EJ~ments!

COlUIENTAllT. Roler of the four essences while yel

. dctaclJd ~ the unconnected dements he cunneettd to

being, and separated the four essenceS from. DOD·existrnce.

63. lord of the connected Elements.

COMMENTARY. Master of the four dements whcQ

mingled. lle is Lord of the nnited dementi, 8l1j·thi

Uniter, and Bestowcr of Cohesion', and the Mingltr of

them. And the four. elements cannot ~ miled 1'0-

leWer but by his pow~r.

. 1

64. In the name ofHermehr, the Bestow.

~r of 'subsistence on all living, the Protector

of the Good .

. ' 05. Excellence, Worthiness, :Bene.ficeDce~

Goodness.

PBRSUN }lOTE. Ham,sl'ni, ra;nesl'lli, ,hamaltm,

These wor~1 a/I signify Good.

~~mesteni.

60. l\1~st be comprehended! must. be

comprehended! must be comprehe~ded !

Must be c~mprehended !

; 07. Godhead, Unity,

butes!

•

Perfc~tiol},· Attri

. ·08

+

68. Must be' comp'rebenrled1 Must be

co~prehende'd! Must ,be 'comprehended'l

Must be comprebended !

COMIIIEKTARV. He says; that it is tob~ remarkfd

.hat God exist., and is One. A nd his Unity is not within

computation; it is· beyond computation. At'd .he

poeses.A all excdhmcies in perfection. H is names are

many, 8S, according to one, niDfty Dtne, and according

to another, a bundred: and 'in like manner they

are said to be. a thousand, and a tbousaad and orie

Dame!l: some ot them bave already occurred ill vari

OUII, parts of the Book of Mehabdd. Bot even . th\ll

-greatest num~ ~s imperfect, for they are not contained

in number. Nam .., which they also' call rad, ill either

a .name of substance, or a name ofpropeny, or, as they

call it, ~r qua,lity_ Besides thes.e there are three classc!S

of names currently bestowed -on Him. t.r in imposi~

names on objects ft'~rd it luad either to the predication

of the existence of a negation, which they call tbo sub-

- stantial name (nam e gouber)1I8 P.ure: or it depends on

the predication of some existillg property, wbich can

be fully conceived of ittelf, which is the ·nam. of quality

(~ e lerozeh) 81 Living: or it ii, derived front

something . existing, the meaning of which dt'pends on

somet.hing b¢del itself, which tbey call the active name

(nam e kirdar) as foi-example CreGlor.

60. Life, Knowledge, Desire, Power,

must be comprehended. , ~

COMMENTARY. He it living and His life is nOt de ..

pendent on sou], or hf~, or body. He i.s self-living;

and all other Ii v inc thiogs ue dependent OR JJtm. Thl:

knowledge

•

.'

•

•

THE BOOK OF THE

.

knowledge or Yezdin is such that he ne'~f waa Ne •

.. cient: and it is free from aU doubts. 1'llere is no single

particle in e!listence which He does not know. He

knows the \"ery grains of the land and this knowledge

He has had from 8,11 eternity. The ,"olition ot God iii

luch thn~ wb.tever has been created is in c~nRquencc

of His volition. If tbe inhabitants of the world wisb..

ed to annihilate a liingle hair from the world, or to

add one, tbey cannot without bis volition. And the

power of God is such that "'batever H.e wi5hea to mnkc

He can make, e~cept One like Himself.

70. The Word of God, the Book of God,

the Angel of God, the frophet of God,

must be co,mprehended!

COMMENTARY. ~he word of God is no~ (rom the

thmat, nor the palate, nor tbe longu~. 1 t is a wif,

end expression without any of these. For at the

command of God, tbe chief of Angch, Behmen,

'prung into existence; and Wilh that pen (Bebmcn 1,

by tbe b4Dd of His omnipo~ence, He wrote the world,

And there are two books of Yezdin. The name of

the first is Do.Ghi, 'f wo- W orIds, and it they call tbe

Great Book; or in the language of Hea\"en, Fcl'l·Or~''''

lir, or ahr Great Dcs4tt,., which is tbe Great Volume

of y ~:zd'n~ And the etber Book iI caUecl Destltir, ,be

doctrines of which Meha.bld and the other ptopbell

from 11ehabad dQwn to me have revealed. A nd ilia.

doctrine which blazes on the heart, not a 'breath of tbe

voice. But this breath of tbe voice is its .mould, for

the purpese of impressing the heariDg of it. And ia

.he heavenly tongue tbis ill called Derick Desltir, CIIe

LitLle DtsAlir,.~ bcin, the Little B(lc»k 9f Gsd. IIftw

the

, .

the ..... test of -His' Propbe~ II tb •. undenUftdingj rOt

it is th~ messag~-bearer of Yezdan, and the ~e4ium,o~

communic-.lion between God ~ Rnd created beiNgS, a~d

was rais~d up in ord~r to bring in all existences w'betbe~

free or depen~ent, aboTe or below, and i. the nourisbd

.,1 aU. And (his, in the language oflbe DeaQdr, is lbt

Feu Ferjtshwer, the mighty Prpphet,or according t~

the Deri Parsi 'the Mehin P)'ghamber ( ~r Great Pro,,:

pbet ). And the second l)r~phet is Man; and he hu.

been railed up in order tQ br~ng in tbose' below. .

71. Otdness ariq Newness, Stability; ~n'"

Itabilitr, must be comprebendtd !

COlll~BNTARY. By oldnesl He unqerstan~s Intelligence,

Soul 'Dud Heaven, for ~he.r ~re old, and \bere it

no beginniJ1g' Gf'their OIanisfesC.tion ~ an'd lhe,lllst is Ule

dwelling. place of angels, all~ of Iuch III are ~ear unto

• God. And that is flezo" which is made and unmade of

~he ~I~enla' bel 0." the sphere of the moon, and is apio

1Jpited aod dis8Di~; the essence Qf tl.e elemen"

bweyer i"Q1d~ And in the Iqwer word the soul a}onfl

i. dable, for every thipg ~Ise undergoes change. ADf!

thr, world above· is itself .table .q~ firm, and our ~~U •

. ipg is tbere. And whatever is formed frOm an uni04

"ith tbe element. 'if .",'lIbk, Fol' W. *~ clJme here ado

• market.·

12. The Wor1el, ita Iohabitan$l, the I'm,'

, the Dependent, must be compr~heQded!,

73. Intelligence, Soul, Heaven, Stu ..

'IIlUl' be comprehended!

•

•••• I _ _ .. _

"

THE nOOK OF Tnt

74. Fire, Air, "~ater, Earth, must be

comprehended!

75. The nature of the Elements, their

principle, their form, and *~leteors, mu~t

be comprehended!

* PERSIAY J.\·OTE. Such as rain, clouds, and so forlt\

which are belu:eC1Z Ilca-.:ell and c.artll.

76. l\Iineral, ,-egetable, Anim

•

-.

PROPHET JYAFRAM. 49

. 8 J. 1\1 ust be comprehended! 1\f ust be .

comprehen.ded -! Must be· comprehended! .

Must be com~rehended! Must be compre ...

, '

bended !-

82. In the name of Hermehr, the Provider

of daily food to a1l1iving, the Protector

of,' the good. .

83. In time past when l\fankind did evil,

Abadarad disappeared from among them;

84. And- in consequence - ~f his w-ith·

_drawing they e~dured sufferings;

85. Until I settled· th.ee in his room.

80. No~ do th~u adorn the *FersendAj

by the tFersendaj.

-!SlUJUll ~NOTE$. The followers of '~t: Fersend~

R~igion.

tnt: Rtligion oj lJlelutbt1d.

87. 0 my prophet! the sovereignty, together

with the glory of adorning religion,

shall remain many years amonithy children.

88. 'Vhen this religion is dissipated, ~1y

prophet Sbaikiliv shall afterwards arise.

POIIHENTARY. H~ bere informs JyUr4m, the suvam

~f Y ezda.~, that after tile destruction of this high ..

. Iy.praised religion, Shaikiliv wi,lI arise, and again re·

"eal to MQnkind this bllsaed religion, and strengfhen

the bouse of Yezdan.

,

r , .

•

/

\ .

" .

. .

...

•

-THE BOOI\

OF

SHET SHAJKILIV.

L 1. ET us take refuge with MezdAn

from evil thoughts, which mislead aDdkf~

flict us !

2. In the name of Sharpta,l the Boqntiful.

the Beneficent, the Loving. the J~st.

3 •. In the name of Hermehr, the Provi"!'

der of sqstenance, the Protector.

4.· 0 Shaikiliv, son of Jy~Hld ! After ,

the

glory of the Jys had extended to one aspar

of years, m~nl\ind became depraved i JyaHld

departed from among the~.

COl\n~ENTAnY. It is to be remarked that the first

pfllic Jys is Jyafram, whom God made the 'oroa,ment

and glory (If the Fer~mhtj; and that tile last Qf thi.

b\essed rR(!e was J y51Ad, Vi" ho. retired from the world

in conseqllenCI: of the depravity of mankind. The

followers of the Fersenddj religion call a bundrf>d

Ulousand SaltSm, and 1\ hundred Saldms, Simc1r, and a

hundred Simlirs, Aspar. 1'he family of the Jys protect.

~d the religion, and exercised the sovereignty for one

.,

. .

,

~

SIIET SHAIKJLIV? , 51.

6. In the name of Hermehr, the Bes~

tower of SU$ten'ance, the Protector.

i. Thou art exalted, 0 our I,ord ! ,

B. From 'fhee is praise, unq to Thee is

, praise! ,

o. Thou' art necessari]y~existent, and

there is n'ought self-existe~t but Thee.

10. Thou art-wortpy of the adoration of

~dort'rs, and none is worthy of the worship

of worlds but Thee!

1 L "l'hou art One, excelling in glory; ,.

12 • .A.nd of mighty praise:

13. And Thy light ex~eeding powerful

:lnd bf~lIiant ;

•

14. AO(~ Thy grandeur passidg great;

15.~ Thy perfectioq is perfect;

10. And Thy bounty complete,

17. And Thy goodness mos~ eJr;pansive,

18. And Thy splendor very glorious,

'J g. And Thy dignity extr.eme,

20. And Thy effulgence most bright, ,

21. And Tby migh.tiness very powerful,

2Z. And Thy ~ene~o5ity inost cheerfng,

~3. And rrhy world-of-body (tenis'trw)

very capacIOus.

P£Jl.SI4Y NOTE. Thy rcorld of Jornls, the city of·

bo(ij(s,

,

•

, ,

,

THE BOOK OF

ilndif's, ",e r1are nf created tllings, 'eery spacUJu! am!

loug and b10ad alld derp.

24. Thy goodness most shininrt'

• ~ b'

2[). Thy substance most excellent

,

26. Thy 'world of Intelligences' very

pure,

:2 7. Thy world of Souls very glori~us !

28. Thou art ~lighty !

29. The Creator of All !

PERSI.4.~ lV-OTE. inl!tOlll materials or time (dit1ul1t.

l'l,'h) .

CO!\DIENTAnY. It is to he observed that Titnc(di.

'711«n ) i'i a portion of the revolution of the Grrat \:lea'

"en, and tlle rdat;on of ·one flcl·ting and unfixed

s11uject wil h another iketing and u nfi xed subject; as

for rxa,nple, tIle reliltion of new ncnts and rre~h aC'

curl'ncet; in the "OIId, with the revolution oftbe Hea·

vens aml \h~ motion of lh~ spheres. Aud in the super·

nallanglluge they call il Zir

,

, '

"

.,

". C"reafet'ofW'onGeTs, and of ~hat.er

is: IYt8st: W08&1'Iul: among wonders! . ..

. ao. Maker of fIDe Pure, and" of. whatever

.. pGaest.of.tIJe Pewe!

31. WQI'thy of tbe worslip ef IoteUi,.

cences, who ara the maken of subttances,

{eeeJrom.locality,.arid plac~, and positioo.

38., F

TilE BOOK.or·, .

\

'. .. 7. And Worthy of the w.ot'$bjp of,' the

Splendors which enlighten and are exalted!

48. And Worthy of the worship of all

the Elements, whether pure and uD~d,

or impure and mixed!

4{)' Thou art Pure, 0 Wortbyto be praised!

0 Author of Life! 0 Bestower.1of

Bdng ! 0 Thou who recallest from evil

to goo~! 0 Thoo of spotless purity!· (j

Guardian of the Angels o~ the Greater

Spheres! 0 Light of Lights! 0 Lord 01

Eternity and of the revolutions of Time"'·

COMMENTARY. Eternity (BubAsh) the relatioD of

stable with unstable, as the relation. of the HeaftDI

,\ilh Intelligtnces: And Te-colutioIU of Tim~(Ro.ukesb)

the rrlaHon of unslalite with stable, .. the relatioa or

the revol~tio.o. with the 8pheres~

50. From Thee is Eternity witho.ot be.

ginning: And to Thee Eternity without

end!

51. Thou art the Causer .of AU, and of

every thing, whether baving the attribute

of substance, or' unsubstantial, whether

q~ant1ty ot: unity, the maker or the made •.

. 5~. Thou art the accomptilhm~nt of

Desires!

~S •

,

. "", • ....... ~. .

,.

S....,. IItAlKlt.tV •

• " ~S.: ThOll bast .. immerRd tile pure £"b~

,tances in the oceans of 'fhy' e1f81gences.

. 54 The eyes oi purity saw. Thee by t,b~

l~tre,. of Thy. su bs~nce. - .

_:~ Dark and astounded.is he whG hath

seen Thee by the eWorts of the Intellect!

• CoMMENTAav. lie lays, thlt he i. da.tk ~nd con·

fO"Dded who would we -G'od as" He iI,"by the light of I

tbe understanding: .eeing that .tle underst.aDciiol,·

however sublime, clnnot discover Him as _ He is: And

{bis ,proceeds not from the "eUnesa. or imperfection of

the understanding, bot fr~m

the crea~ness, the exalted .. '

Dell and dignity of the essence of tbe Governor of tlao·

World ..

5(J. Dy Thy perfection, Thou· art exalted

,\love a~l that is visible through, Tby .~e- .

aplco.dcncCh· ~

CO ••&.... BT. ;He 1&)'1, nre1lgh- Thy, exceUea_

aad perfection Thou abidest higber tbaD' eye ell.n seo

by IDuna. of the, eWuJrnce of l'h1 .aeo"ce and Thy

resp1.~ent beiDI.

. . '

[, 7 ~ Insomuch that nothing can approach"

or be united unto T~ee; and nothing can

\ be detached from Thee! '

C0I!JllzMTAay. lie 181S, tbe discriw¥utive ~ture

of God i. the e.wnce of Hi. substance, aDd is Dot exte;.

all to or lep'rable trom Him. lor, His self·esalcnce

i. the eaeoce or Ilia substance; inasmuch ill Botbi",,'

caD in an, !eBpcc:t ~ jowec1 or uni~od, oreonct.ived .. 8S

joined

,

...

•

f ,

,

•

TIfl: tOOk OP

joined or'uilited to Ii iDl. Tbings tbeftfare ~ a.

isfence and being in this 50rt: tbe, h.ltO an abIolw.

dependence and cling firmly on tbe beiDg of God, ud

there is a light reflected on them from the moat JOlt, the

Besfower of };xi~tence; but not so tbat, being is ttl br:

unden.lood aa aqlulitl alentially inbereDt ia,or dDiaecl

Wilh them.

~8. Thou hast become hidden {rom tbe

very brightness and extreme brilliance, and:

excessi ve I ight of Thy splendor.

50. And among the most resplendent and

powerful and glorious of Thy servants .ho

are free from inferior bodies and matter,:

there is none Thy enemy, or rival, or di ..

obedient, or'cast down or annihilated ..

tlo., Afankind cannot extol or duJy praite;

in any respect suitably to their ~en.enae,

oven the meanest of them W'ha .• tami i a tic

lowest degree.

61. Then how can they worthily extol .

Him who swallowed them qp in the effulgence

of His Majesty which is very glorioUs,

and melted them in the shioio, of

His Greatness which it very vast?

62. His worshippers are dejected from

, .

their inability to attain ~e b,ejaht of Hi,

~Iajesty.

0,3. That tIIU is a pel'ftttcJ of. truthwho

. ~ - ". .- .. ...

•

,

mEt' .malKIL1~.· lit .

.... ira-citJeth.. that .likeaea, or quantitx~

or locality, or body, or any accident amo8Jt:.

a.acicZQ~ M'IOY 'ptbpertt amopg prop~rties

caQ be pr~icated of Thee;

ts4. Sa,~ from necessity, or as a 'fo,m pf

speech, or for the purpose ·of . intimation.

6s .. Taoll art Exalted and Excellent.!. .

~G. Tl'\ou,,' 0 God! aft such, that. save

Thee., taere is none otber wOl'tby;-ttl be·

lauded.. Light of Lights! Highly to· be

extolle4! ReD;lover of Evils J

61. The pyre Su bstattc~ are moved' by

ajfectiol) towar4s Thee J

68. The Lofty who are invested: with

being; are subject to Thy power!

tJo. Tbe pyre Souls repCil5e their hope in.

Thee.

lO. Thou art e'jllted~ and" art that lYhicli.

~th. no limits) and can be bouBded by nol'"

thing.

1 \. 1. pray unto Tbee·lfhower down upon

me Thy blazing light.!

72. And speak ub.to me word$ that may

teach me the knowledge of Thy secr~ts

which are admiTable ;

73. ·,And aid me by Hght, and vivify me

/

• I

,

.

I

!

by

\

. ,.

I

~

I

y light~~and

THE BOOK 0".

guard meJby light, ~ uaite

.me-unto·light I

., i. I a&k of ThM,. () Vi ~thf of aaor-a.

tion! and long to behold Thee, anci to c!es:

cend into the ocean of 'Thy 'Mightiness.:

75. 'Succou.r ~ ~ 'rhou ,vho art w0rtby tel

be adored! the 'band of light: 'antf p..urify

.'

their inner 'parts, and mil)e: and deaAso

them an.d me to everlasting of everlasting!

~6. In the name .of Hermehr, tbe p(O"l

vider of sustenance, ·the Protector.

,7. 0 -Shaikillv! when thy religion fal",

leth, Yilsan the prophet c:Jf YezdAn w.ill re"l

'Vlve .it'!!

I

7S. Every prophet whom I send, gaeth"

forth to stablish religion, not to root it .up.

,gO' Thy religion is the religion of the

Great Abad ( Ferzftba.d ), and other pr-ophets

shall succeed in th~t religion, till they make

it pure.

8Q And this -religion I never will r~t

up; and well-doers shall reach me'through

tbi& religion for ever and ever. _ -,

I

,

••

•

\ .

I'

# ,.,

• I

.... .. .

ill .

•

'0' - ,

. I

1

!

1

. .

~ [:.. ,If

).. LBT .. tab muge' With ~'MeziAQ

fro~ evil tho\1gbts' which m~1c;a4 awl di&~:

UbI 1!.,1 , I.

2. 10 the name of Shemta., the BOU1lUlt.tl;;

.' . ,

the Beneficent, the Metci£UJ, th.e Just ..

···8. -ID the GJU,ne Of·.the MCJ;"t~M 004

(Dat ).

4. KDOW, ~o Thin I 8og:of Sliai MehbAl,

When one ,imd,..'f' had el~psed ur,der tho

dominioll of the 8bai*;. thy father saw the

wickedoeu Gf aaailkiri.d, an4 Jr.CAt out .u9m

.... '. '

among meOt

eoli ••• " ...... BeCa\lle .dJeae' propheta could. .110'

Wilh .patience look uPO.G " ... v. •. ~ ",r~ ~~TR~:

e~ ft JevU."'QinJ.

~. Now h~~ J ~~.t~~fpr,p,p~1~ _ '

... ~~ ~nlich~t;n !-~ 1.~liaioq· 1!1 t~ ~~~at

A~ad (J»~IJA~) ~ ~n!1 pr~~ M~ P.t' 1~

'W'15e •

I'{" • ,

o. In the name of.tbe Merciful God (Dat.)

1. 0 Vv~ ortby to be "~".P.i'pps:.d yf ,~~

.

THE lOOK 0.

and 'Of all that l\aye being. whether lh.

,-below or those tabove.

• PnulAN NOTE'. Which Me tlUcetwG6lt-6.v tAt

fiu senses. I

t 11"1lich ere intellectu(ll rmd not aucoverlllJlc 6.v til

lenses.

.'

s. 0 Besfower of, Souls and of InttlJi,

gences!

g. ~ Creator of the ~sence of ·supports

atul stays!

10. 0 Nec~ssariJy-Existent !

1 i. Q Thou who showerest down benefits!

12. 0 Thou who forinest the heartand

Soul! !

J 3. 0 Fashioner of (ortns and shadows 1

14. 0 I.light of Lights!. l\'Iover of whatever

revolveth !

15. Thou art the First! For there is no

priority prior to Thee!

16. Thou art the Last! For' there is no

poste~iority posterior to 'Thee !

17. The Angels labour in vain to attain

the comprehension of Thy grandeur!

IS. Mankind are batHed in attempting to

• Literally. CoIunnl' and roo&l,

Ull'PtJitQ 10 .u,~ai.&l 'l"atitrc.

.

The sub,trltum that it

under~

,

.. M".. • • •

. ...

SHE't TtlE PROPUt1' YASAN.,

understand the' perfection of Thy sub ..

stance!

Jg. 0 Worthy to be lauded! Deliver illS

Irom the hObds tJ( tettestrial ma~ter!

.20. Rescue us from the {ctten of dJ rk

and evil mat~!

~l. DUFuse over our Soub the eBulgence

of Thy splendors!

22. Showet doW'll on our Souls tbe glad ..

ness of Thy signs.! ,

. 23. Intelligence is a drop (rom ~mong

. the drops oftbe ocean ofThy·place.of-lOul ••

24. The Sout is a flame (rom among the

tames of the tite ~f Thy residence-of

6l

.oYaeignty.

. \

25. Thy aubstance i. a heaving substance

wheDcc boil. forth the lubstance of souls,

.ithout place, without downDClI, Dot connected,

Dot separated;

.'

2ft' Which i. free from defects, and ties.

. abd imperfections.

27. Exceeding Great is the Necessari.

~. Jy.Existent-One, insomuch that tbe eyes

cannot dis~yer Him, Dor the thoughts CODceive

Him! .

28. nine are Grandeur and Praise!

,

..

I

2

62 TilE BOOI{ 0'

•

...

I

-.

20. And with Thee are withholding an~

bestowing; and to Thee belong liberality

and stableness.

30. Exceedingly Great is l\fezdam:. foe

in His hands are the Souls o( all things;

and towarda Him do they return.

31. 10 the name of the ~Ierciful God

(Dai ).

32. Mezdam is not a'substance, and is

not unsubstan:ial; and is more e~alted tha,\

aught thou canst conceiv~

33. And nothing resemqlet~ llim: an6\

He is like unto no thing.

34. He is One; not one that cao be ndm~

bered.

35. He hath no like: and nothing existeth

like unto Him. .

36. He liveth, not by a soul, and life .. '

and body: He 1iveth of Himself.

3i. He is· All-wile without reiUction;

and ignorance bath DO influence over Hit

knowledge.

38. He is Lord of His wi$b~.s: whatever

He hath desired He hatt~

dOQc; and.

will do whatever He listeth.

ag. He is All-Powerf",l! Whatever He

wiUcth

. ~

....

4 4

SHET THI PIlOBHET., YASAN. ,.

,,'ilIelh He can do; : and-·is staiB in llot»ag'

r!l'cepf in, creating one like H'maeJf. ~

40: His f"xcellencies are manifokl; awl

C3n'not, be tltimlltlrtd., "

'" J. He created unnumbered angel~: of

these the first is Babman: fat aIr Intelligences

and created things are under hill

,hand.

'.. '

PE,!,I.lr N,nw. The Fir. IItWlig.u.-

42. Nex~Manistar~ who i:t'Y~l!l . ¥!llJ~,

apd t~ ~~,r ?f.all §~~ls,~' ,

P£RSUN NOTE. The SQul of'''. Hip. IFiIrre. -,

,43~ ~ext Ten-btid~ an4 ~ ho ia the Ohief

of all Bodies. I "

..

CoaniBNTA RT. And Ten.J:J(kl iI 'he, name' .f the

, I

uppermost sphere.

~4. Spirits, Bodi~l, and wbat iSJ bodily •

. s,ubstances, 'and things 1Hl5ubstaAtial, are

aU created by Him -and his blessing is on

them;

45. In an especial manner upo,n S;tturn, ,

aD~ Jupi~er, and M.ar" and the SUD, and Ve- .

nUl, and Mercury, and tQc Mooq; an~ or,

t.h.e Great Abld, _~nd the Abadja~~, and on

thee 0 Yasan! who art now chosen from a

mong Mankind j and thy' followers shall

assuredly be saved.

I.

I. '

• I

,I

.~' .

,.,,

THE BOOK 0'

4ft. And tbose who are saved remaJU if!

in heaYen for everlasting; the guilty in dire ..

lui- hell.

41. In the name of the Mereiful God

(Dai).

48. Purity .is of two kinds, Iftl and lotmal.

.. g. The Real consisteth in not bind,og

the heart to evil; and in era~icat i g aU

wicked passions.

COIIMENTARY. ~, for eumple, in apeJlinc .opt

and IUlt from the heart.

, 80. And the Formal in clean.iag away

what appears ev~ to the view.

COIIIIBNTARY: Such U uDcJeanneJI., aacI tbm"

unseemly to tbe sight.

61. And th is last purification is performed

by the water ofYefter.

COMIIENTARY. Yefter is water which Us- ifs !Iitural

colour, .mell and taste; wbich bal DO bad smelt:

And if there be none IDCb, rOlle-water ~od 10 fo.rtll an

pure. nay tbese lut are peculiarl, pure.

S2. And the'water of Kurd is that which

is suitable to a body.

COMX&NTARr. l'bey Clll Kurd.water, thaf ".icll

G Persian mIltginal Not~ i" 'Ae orili"'l. A. puni.hmtDI

i. lIot tLcrnftl, He dUel oea h, ~'cr1'.lll": HeU, but ' e.lI • . It

tli~Cul.

'

•

SUET THE 'PROPHE~ yASAN. "

tTanSes' bodi~~; ~nd IS 11lU-'>'e' to Ittrem-i ib~~: ~el' .

is suitab1e to ail' df>pbant'; and for ~ mao' as'mn.~h d

can 'cover bim from bead to' foot;' 'and for a hair~ the

.ma"~ quantity; , " :' : .' '. :! .. ~

53. Wasb'tbf'body, o~ ~~i face,' ~a'Q,~~

alld reet in ~a~er" . " ::' ',," '~', . '('~:'~

54, If thOll, canst DQt, '.illlagiae that tho'-

.OIt.

' '- :":i

~ CO.HENT A itT. Jm~gi~e with (hysell, 'i h\v~ wiisltZ

ed my body, or head, bands'and het.·' . .:"; .

lSS. Then' come' before' the Shesh~kA~g.~

• '.' t I • .. • • • ... J. • r r.

and pray. .. . . .. :.; , , "; .: I, •

'. .

C-o •• £N2.laT. Tlla: SItala·UJdl are tH ....:aIMI

lJle'fi~ which yield Jj.lhtr ," .•

·~G·. ' After praying ,to Metdim direct'tby

prayers to tl)e Shesh'-kakh; that they mny.'

. .. " . . "

convey thy p:rayers to ~~~dam:. " :. .

57. 1£, d\U"i~g prayer. ';\ 4eJout riifUlst;lP4,

before lhe. otben, aDd .the:rest .tand bebind~

.'tis weU. .. I ... :.,

, ... , , .

~~. If ~hou' canst not effect this, conc~ive,

or. I •. , .. , • • T

it. . . .' .... '.' . . .

~D:~IJ'B'TA "T .. JPlagine tbat thou hast been If) say.~;

ing ~b1 prayers. '. ,

- 60. Besides thii, whenever tboll seat a

Shesh-kakb;,- !e~d 'in ,prayer; ,

.. \. .

()O. And every day pray four times;.or-

, ~p'ri~~l Of.tWice, oroQCC.atleJ\St, JV?tbout£W •..

~O¥JII&4T.A.r •.

i I

i . ,

THE BOOK OF

COIl .... toLIY. It iste be remarked that there AT

, "

,~veral kil;l~ o.f pl~y~r. One of t~q~ il .th.c .~trz,

.~eOl~r Of ~'fe"t Pl ayer i wh,iC(b it i~ \hiS 1¥isF. A per

Ion slands before any tbing t,bat bU.rn J fol~s Ids ~

,*o,r~ Iri~, ~ndJh,s ~cad ~,q~n lo , b ,~ n'a-.:e1. apd agaiq

iai~ bimse'lf, he next once more bends ~O\ Jl hii b~ad,

II,. one hantl u~ it., and ;~mQ,,!e, ; h~' b~d; '~ji

&is other ban4 on hi' hea, and then raising up Iii.

~~ad, joibl his two hands, l'lllcing the fingers 'aga\nst.

~b other, the two thumbs excf pted,. "hiel lIe ke pi

disengaged. He pext vla ce~ his ~w~ UJ ~mb lj on h~

C)~, extending the extremities of I, ~ tin~rs as faro

fhf''y can. r .. ac:b over tbe clQwn of his head, and bends , ,.

down bis lu~ad (0 bis breast: Ue tbea rais~ up bis

lead, and afterward. lies down on the g round, phcing

lat, bnnd. and knees on the groand ~r~ lu,.:h a "&1 , t hat

!lis forehead rtaches the eartb; 8r~e f wbi~h ~e pi ees

ti'lt qne ~i~~ of hiB fac~, . and then tb~ 0 her aide of hi.

lace on the ground . • ,Next h~ ~tr~ ~~l.l~~ IJirulleJf out, an~

l ~eI like a fog,. as if asleep, while bi~ ~" ast and belly, u

well QS his tbigh., rest aD the ground, Iris ~rDll ,traigb,

q ~ t and tbe palms.of his band "" flat , on tbe earth: . he

firs~ lays Ili~ . forehead, then one cheek and Il~xt lb,

o~er ~~~~~ o~ tb~ g(~U~~: aft.er wbich he sits on b~

,"0 feet, ~d ~be~ wi~h ~js fept prosSed under him ~

Nest he $i~a ~ouc~lIlg 00 bis fee~~ olQ~oJ~p! pis two ftllJ,

and p~acel hi~ bead on them. He DOW rises, and

~pe"i~g' bptb b~s ba~ds, . 'raises Ui~m ~p'o This' p",yer~

ltitb all the cerJ:mpnies wbicb I have eIlUmer&fed~ mUlt

he d~~ec~ t.q pqpe ~p ~ Y tzqan: ' ~l taking' ~ wlty or

d!~in~bing sOJlle qf ~be~t ~t b'(c9rp,~ pr~r fOf Lbo

5he~~.k~kh ,. 10 ~bb~ r(al~r a pusage pr .t:~,e oft.b~

p'~~r .bowd ~ reci~ed. '

,.

~~~ the ptayer t~ r~~

.---

•

-IRBT TIll neMII .,bh.

•

III fiDished, it is riPt, in 1I0DOUr., the Sb_.~1 fl i

Place die hod OR tbe gt'o~Dd a seCODd \ime, 10 Jay tb.e

f .... ead OIl tbe eUth, te; m:ite 'he praa. oft. Sbeth, .

klkh, as tbtl are coatainecl in til. D_\lr, and t, .. ~

Creat it to conny to Yecdao the p..,aa.o~ to hiria. •

.t.od, if the pra, ...... Wore Fire, . let c.b, wo~

Ibipper ,." 0 C~Of. .f Ader (Fire)! ,O.D.e,

JR.J pr'Yu~ to YadAn; seeing ,bat F_", ~ 00 -..oJ ~ a .. 4

in tbe ame way if before Water. AileS the ... lau ..

~le IaQde of. prayer it f. a wise an.d iO(lclmaJl' to re.

W tbeeo pny(~rI fiIIt~ while tile clO'Wd I\AA~ ~biod a-4 .

repeat them .",,-: him; and if the, ~DQot do thi •• ~

tJiem imagi~e lbat they hay. d~e~. All" "heDevei

)'Q" Me ItQy thing tbat ,ivellight, "be,tlMtf by

II,

4a, o.

Digbt, incline ,our bead. And every cia, ,.~,

pra~ f.~J1r pmes, or th~ ~plCS or twice. 'J'~e 6rs,

"ilBei. ..... from ,.... daWD tUl,uDris~: tbe aecood is ..

mid.~.1;

the third, at the time of the lelting of the w9rld.enligllt~

ening IU~ I tbe f~urtb is midnight." And" if you caDD~t

efFect tIIis, 1001811'& at l_t pr.y ~Dt~ un.~i1~n,~J' wbel\

..... IUD risK.. . .

J.r, \ ,"

~ I. Re.e~~m:e t14e fou~ ;f:l.. m~btlf, yet d~

PG~ therefore ~ay' ~hyse~f ~~~e~ constraint.

CQ"~~T~~T. p ....'e thal be ~~, 'Y'h~never you

lee fire, w~~r,.~ ~b~ pl~ .. ~t ear,b ,.qu m~st in(fline

)'oar beQd~ ~4 if' like m~ner .. tq ,e~t\e a~d strong

winds I and defil, DOt lbe eartb; yet, nevertholeas do not

p~t )'ou~f oqdor u~necqsafY ~.traiDl: 'lha., althoug4,

~ re is the gle4t ijlom,nalor, Jun IIUlr kindle it u~der you, •

kettle, and •• beD 10.11 h~ye CODlpa~y, 1(»11 mayligllt It

c:a~le from ie, alld carry it before you in a dark oight.

~~ l~e ~cr, in C~CI of n~aaitf' lOU may eZ"Jl~

. ,u~s~

•

,

i

•

I

J

.

I

'

\.

• 2

. ""'~

..'. . .,. ..-~

. (..... it iT ......:1'" ...... •........ fr ..,...;.. ~.

,.

• .. .' ...

." -.....

~ ...-'-_, 4

..... __ '7 a .. ... tr r. ~

S

.,. .. -....... ~

..

-..... .,;.~ .... ~""" .. ~

'Ii

.. guish it, but it most be,with water; and a& long.:

you 'can" l'oll must let it bu,:n fire\yood, thorn i ·sBcli ..

dry sticks as are dried naturally, and 90 forth . .-'

Mcond Flement is Water: you must not defile tbe ,ban .

Qf a running stream, nor pour out wat.er ill bad plilce!':

Yet it is necessary to wash the body witb ft, aDd to

ease yourself i.a it, during long voyages made by water ..

And as to the air, there are many smellstbat spoil it,

Ind !>uch bouJ,d not be prgullced; yf't, where tbef·

a,re inevitable, they. are not to be kept Ilear at, band,

but to be removed to. a distance, to lh t side towards

which the" iod I.Ilows,. And the Earth mu tRot be defiled

or dirtied; yet a place must of necessity be allo", ..

ed for the purpose of thrO\ling ' mil into-it, the excretions

that proceed from both side '• .

62. In the name of the M'erciful God!

63. 9 Yasan! I say unto thee., the cor.'

ruptiou of thy religion Gil shah. will ~emove :

.()..t. And he wi~l yvax so great that he

shaH be called the Father of mankind, and'

~haa become a mighty prophet. '

.

- .

t

. ...." ~ .

.

0" ,

-,

IBET TH~ PBOPHET'GtLSH4H~

, J

1. LEt us take refuge ,w~tb, M"d~I~~

evil thoughts which l\lislead and distress uJr!

2. In the name of Sbamtai, the' Bou~tiful,

the Beneficent, tbe. Mercifa].,· the"

Ju,t!

·s. In the .name of the ttotty One, the

:Oiver, the §Just, the nLord •

• P£IUUN Nora;.ln"lre .arne, rip, Im.ieqe,

ad 'romprelren$io~

of tiring,; anll. IIr, m~'r9' tl1lII

perception ., II,e leRle,. _ ,

tG,.ea', Loft!" of exalted lO'tereipty, a;,s ptnnp_ ~ .

tThe ButatNr, the Libwal, Ihe &nmtiflll, the G~et;.

\ rhe. JII8I wlro de. 0111 to eDCA tlCl'.oI·diitg 1o hU

f&'01'dI, toirwr.rGlion and knOllJledg't, anti talk, 'p.t!«h a!i4

uistlqm: tmd, accordin( to 'lil deedl ad acll, and dl)

Ucg' goed or bad,' righ' or ",roftl, prll#el&orlllIJ or

61afMable, gire. u" etlCA r~riblliion, ·ad retalialiiNt

.,."J pauUslrmelll..

'

UTile Lord, lJlcuttr, Oulll'flitm; lite MiglrW; 'All

Hi8A, 'he B.ad muJ CAw,. . .

... . ~ FerziDSar! .~n ~fYAs4n~am ~ when

-Dioety and niDe salam of years bad passed

uDder the sway of the Yisantans,' manltilitl'

became evil-doeR, and Yaalnljim with

.rcw from amoDI them.

4 .•

. .

,

".

. . .

'.,

..... ~~ .,::. . ~ .• ,~,.4-' Oh_ ·r .. ·

. '. .

TO

Tilt BOOK~OF SHEr

.

5. And now man-kind are without. an.,.

bead and in disorder; and have hecome like

ravenous beast8. as 3t the end of the petiod

of the reign of SbaemekhbuJ, and Jyalad,

and Abadadid. .

.. COMNBl''' •• V. They say that in con!e4uep. e f

. the tetreat of theae prinen, the affairs of ruallkir:d weat

into confwion. and lDt'n fell on ~ach other like delDO'ns"

, t~e strong Itaying the ,weak, till ,hey lost the v~ry eIG.-

, blance or'men and became wild beasts ; when J ys.frim"

Sh4ikiliv 3nd Y4s4n were lent of God as ptopbc: •

~.And 4t;t the P,eiiod of the abdication of the liell-tenant of

the great prophe~, th~J is Yaaanljam, the alf~in of lite

race of man, ill like manner, went into simila.r disorder.

'They oyerturned the beneficial regllialions ofanciell t;

king~, "~nd aoandoned tbe ways of men to stlcb a

dt"gree, that they wandered over' the hill and wilds

like beabts, ~bile the towns, house. &lldlitret! t.s were

,~o"vert('d inlo a wast~; until Feuins5r, the son of

Yl6anajilO, "bom dll~y c

,

'f). Thee have I selecttJd i 'lor .. prophtcy.

Re'vi ve' the Religion of'tbe prophet of prophets

the Great A bAd.: " .

.1. And ,w~hip Herfesr-lm (Saturn) in

~ this sort,' that he may lend tbee his aid.

8. In the name of the .LoftY, One, the Giover,

the, -JUlt, 'the Lord!" , ' "

g. 'rhine is purity, and to Thee is praise!

10. QMigbtYi Wise, Strong, a'nd Powerful!

t, '~

" II." Obealent unto thy Creator! . ': .

12. Revolving in"the lo~ of a most pure

passion, '

13. In the retolutionJ., of thy Spbere,

. which is free tro'm the affections of division,

of assuming a new share, of' puttiog

off a shape,' or of ~king a straight

course.

J 4. Thou art the; Prince of the Higher

Sphere, lofty and dignified!

J ~ "Yho sittest aloft in ~ignity! ,.'

16. Profound of thought! the receptacle

of reflection'! Lofty of purpose. ' ,

J 7. ,Lord' of U oity.and of steady a~ tion'!

. , ..

.. . ....

-In the origina'. the ume P~uia,n ";'ot,. he rrputfd

htr~. Ind &1 'v~rl~ S3 II It "fit: 3. J\'!'II lb"ughl UIIQfee ••••

rJ '0 rept~' l.bca-&i'Ut. • . • .

18, ,

I

•

i

l

. _......

" .....

•

~tHE BOOK OF

.

'SHIT

18. And 'of profourt4 tboogbts" and af

.ultitudinOtrs works 1

10. And of large bdunty ~

~o. Thine are Sovereignty. and Pomp.'

'21. He who created thee. and is tbe

creator of ·AlI, is ~I1ghty t

22. And gave thee refulgence, ami ca ..

i·jghte~d All!

2 S'. And sent forth Spon thee 'a portio. of

his awful tight ~

24. And next·, -according to his w iU, assigned

tbee a course which is everlasting!

25. Anti placed. thee high in the lofty

eminence of tlreseventlt Heaven!

26. I pray of thee 0 Father! Lord ! that

thou ask by tbe splendor of tby Sou),

2·7. from thy Father and Lord, thy

Prime Cause, and Lover,

28. the IntelligiRCe ·that glorified thee

1Vith light)

2g. and of all the free and blazing lights

that possess intelligence, ,

30. that they would ask of their Fa.ther

:lnd Lord, the Iotelligence of all I ntelli·

gences, the first created Intelligence"

31. the most approved wish that can be

asked of the Being, most worthy of all

BeiDgt

•

:---. . ...

t .

T,HE PROP8£'1' Glt~H!H;· '4

Beings to be adored, the one worthy of tho..

worshi p of mankind, the St.'bHshet ofA.lI C.

~!. to make me olle of those who .p,

proach the band of His Lights, and th~ s&.

ereta of His. Essence: and to pour ligbt oq

,the b and of Light a{ld SJ?lendo~: and t~

magnify them, and, to purify them and I,lS,

while tl:te \yorl,d endqtetJ:l,an~ t~ aU eternity ~

1.0 let it be!

3S. I'n the name of tile ·Lofty, the Giver,;

tbe Just, the Lord!

~4. Q Ferzinsar t thou art t1;le' p,rophet

whom three sons obey.

PB1Ul~lf NorB. The Mineral, V'getable.id.411\

fIUII ItingtlOTlU.

35. And t\le (our Iijothers are un4er tb1

. '

away.

P.IlIl.l~ NorE. Th, FOIlf' El~mmtl.

30. SHfmer thy son and My fri~n~ havo

I selected for: prophecy, ~hat ~ prophet too.

may be subject to thee'.

8'1. After thee Hurshad the son of -fSiA- -

~er is my prophet to support thy re1igion.

4!The •• me f'Sp1anltiGa, .fl! .. i.,en here a. in VerlC s... 1114

are therefore Ilot r~pe.tecl. 7rall,l ..

"'.Q &bel'erliao HQat.~lIg I.bee~o of Si~tk.

,

•

. ,

•

"

tHE nOOK

OF

, A

SHET TIlE PROPHET SIAMEK.

1. L t T us take refuge with l\fezd; ni

against evil imaginations, that mislead and

tiistress us.

2. In the name of Shemtai, the Bountiful,

the Beneficent, the :\IercifuI.: the ~ ust !

3. In the name of Mezdam ,!

4. 0 Siamer, son of -Ferzinsar, thou art

a prophet nigh unto l\Ie! Extol tFeriin ...

ram in this wise;

• PBRSlAN NOTES. Siamrk the Jon of Gi/dah. ,~

+ Ferzinrifm, Hurmazd (Jupiter).

5. In the name of l\lezdam !

O. Thine is purity; and praise be thine;

7. .A nd from thee, on the pure Souls;

8. 0 very i\Iighty and Excellent! tbe

Ferzinram of the Spheres;

o· Ofliigh 'dignity! the Father and Lord

of I"e1icity !

10. The ~fedium of Blessings 1

) 1. The Great Saul! the Merciful Father

and Lord!

12,

\

SHET Tn ~ pROPH ET SI~MEK.

i 2. The 'Great, the Bountiful, the Con

.picuous and Blest!

) 3. The mighty of passing migbtitless-'!

14. Who spreadest refulgence· wt

IliE BOOK or SHEI

2.5. elevated thee. of the affection of Hia

exceeding love,

~o. from thy pla.ce, for- thy happincH.

27. Tpy revolu,tion, is profitable, s~ower~

ing down blessings, excellencies and feJici~.

ties.

._

28. He assignetl tb~e. a lo.ft,J pI4CO of res,

'j

in the Sixth Sphere ~

2g. Of thee I ask happiness in both.

ab.o4es:

30 •. And I ask of thee, 0 Father and Lor4-

of Felicity! thou who rainest down justico

and goodness;

31. That thou W'Ouldst ask of thy Kt,

ther 4lnd Lord .. the Author Qf tby Being.

thy Beloved;

32. Who is the Giver of Light, the free

IQtelligence" Most Ex.cellent ;

33. And of all unembo~ied Intelligences

that are nigb (unto Him), free from the

stain of matter and its bonds;

34. That they would ask a wish suitable~

a~. t.o the eternal world, which is free

from mutability,

30~ from their-Father and Lord, 31'!d their

, .Author, tQ~ ~rst-created, the Intelligenco

Qf All i .

CO.lfEsfAar .'

-.-

..

..,

a •••• ...;:.,) -. • __ •• .. 04 _ I _ .. "_

•

. ...

, "

THE P.ROPHf;T SIt\MelC. ff

C.JI~R~T4~Y. Th Intelligeocf' of 111{eJlj,en~li,

the Intelligence of a~1 Intelligence.

, 31. That. he would be pleased to ask i~.

this wise from tQc Being most ~;ortby "to

be adored of him, .nd most WO.rthr to.be;

adored by the Beings worthy of adoraii9P,

worthy to be adore4 by ~ank:lnd :

. 38. Light of Ljghts.~ Who shewest th~

. pro~table religion tq aU, that. move;

. 30.. Lord of brightest glorr, a11

, .

THE BOOK {)~"S-HE+

b Si~mer! 1 wiJl call thee aloft;,and make

tbee Mycornpaniori,! the lower world is nut

thv place~;

" .

- .,

48. l\Iahy times, daily; thou eac;apest frorn

tbe:body, and, eornest r1ear 'bnto Me.

COMliENTAltT. Fol'qlls .Siamtk's 'body, ftOlD ucesl

of meditation ~nd mortification in the ,~or.bip ot G'od;

had become like a vest u~to him, 'When he ,was 5eised

"ilh a desire to visit the angf'ls and Ye2din, be torsook

~he body mihy times a da.y, and repairai to .lh.

place of hi. wishes; Jrtd at the command gf God ~

~tlurned bark to his btd,r .

.o4g. Therefore will I release thee from ~b1

t~r'restrial body, and mak~ t~ee sit in 'My

company; ,

!)p. ~~~ ,I will leave IS it memorial ~)Oe

proeeeding fr,o,tn thee; an,dn.b on~t$~aU ~

'wise like bim.

COHIlENTARYI Here He informs S!£mek, ~Vhen [

call tI,lee a,loft, I will It'ave in the lower "'orl~, tbYlOti

Ho~hen~, who will become Ii m05t wise prophet, insomuch

that no man "'PlI equlIl his will!om and grNtriest.

Af~r (he revelation of this remarkable prClph~cy, $ii.

inek having been .lain by Hein!F, mttl in shape, bu't

d~~ons in mind, and delivered from the ho,Iy and tbe

bonds of the body, reached the City above, and the

lIeat ofkndwledge: and these demon-men met with re·

tribulion and retbliation in biuIt! from tile hand of tbe

~eshdAd (or Ju~ticiary), 8D~ ~g~t j~ :F.Ofh~t) .th.

~llgwle.'I.t"lgrned Hoshen,.

•

_ ......

....

•

THE . BOOl(

'

\. LEf us takeref)lge with ~retdam froID.

evil thoughts: that Jtlislead and vex us.

. 2. In "the name or" $hemta, the noun.

. .

tif!l~, th~ J.3en~fi~t; the .Merciful, th~

J~st !

a. In the nathe of Me~diun the treator

of WisdoPl!

.t~ 0 HbrshAd !~~ of Siamer! fThou.art

My chose~ prophet! and to thee have :i

given knowledge and wisdom t

s. Apd thou"art th_e te~cher of the· pro.

~bet. that shall some after thee~

O. Ma~ntain the re1lkjon of F~rza~ad =.t

'J. And praise Manishram, § who is thy

Guardian J in ,this m~nner; .

8 . .In th,e n~une of );fe~da~ t~ .Creator

ofWisdbm!

.

·S,d-w,kb,,-,'r, ... epi,bet o.f HOlben,. ,ipi(,ing HUll'

~rt"d propbl".

tHcwheng .on or S-iamtk, Peri. '

. ftTh.e P.caiall. bu BuUrl'lJid. betli "raDine the Great

Abld.

J»cbllm,

'""-\

,

. \

!O TIlE BOOK OF SUET

g. On thee be pr~iseJ. an

SEll-.WAKllSHUR. HOSHENG. 81

2~. Insomuch th~t thy revolut~ot;'s, which

a're e~er performed rejoicing, arc pu.t in

motiop by Him!

. 24. He gave thee an abiding place in the,

fifth heaven !

•

25. I ask. of thee that' thou break. il1

pieces the enemies of the Lord of Truth; ,

, (

" ~6. And that'thou ask of thy Fathe~ r~n,d

Lord, thy Creator, the object of 't,hy love-,

who is' 'the overpowering light;, ~ . .

27. 4-nd of 'all. the powerful, and' 'near

tights which are free Inteiligences, .. ,,~

28. That th.ey ask of their Father ,and

Lord and their Creator, who is'the First

created, and the U niversaf Inlenige~ce, I

2g. A wish suited to Intelligences who

are free from change,

30. That he would ask of the One wor- .

thy of his praise and of the praise of All: ~f

Him worthy of the worship of worlds, the

Lord of Being, the Stablisher of All ;

. 81. That he would makl! me one of those'

who approach ne~r unto Him, and of the

Band of Sis Lights, and of the Comp:;my of

those who a re admitted inta 'the secrets of

. I

His essence!

32, Let him glorify the Band of Light

and

•

.',

.: ,', , •

•

-.-

..... I

, "

82 TilE nOOK OF SHEt ~-

..

r -

~,

)

,

and Refulgence, and bless them, and purify

them and us;

33. 'Vhile the Universe endureth (or

ever, so be it !

3,.. In the name of ~Iezdam the Aqthor

of Knowledge!

35. After thee Tek,hQ'lured shaJl ,be a

prophet; ,

36. And I will never remove the gift of

l>rophecy from among thy children:

37. But, to everlasting, will rai.se up

prophets from thy race,

~8. A,nd to whomsoever I shew the. war

unto !\le~ I hripg him by thil Reli,ion ..

,

• •

•

THE BOOK

.. .

8!

SHE'f ·THE PROPHET T"iHMUB4S •

•

J. L ET us .~ek refuge with l\Iezdarn

{rom evil imaginationa which mislead a.nd

baraas. .

2. In the name of Shemta ! the Bou~ti ..

ful! the Beneficent·! the Merciful! 'tb~

"JUlt!

" I. In the name of the ~lmighty Mez ..

...1'" ,

.. am,

4. 0 My Prophet Tekbmured son Qf'

-HurshAd! Do thou make strong the ReligiOD

of the Great AbD41

. ,so ne SUD is tby supporter:' him' have

1 commanded to aid thee! Do thou ~berefore

pray unto Itim in this wise j ,

6. In the DilDle Qf tbe 41michtl Me~-:

d4m!

7· Th01l rejoicest in the living IntellF

lence. the Everlasting of Lights!

8. Most re~plend~Q~ of BeiDgs, and 'm~

plest of Star$ !

...

!TabIDIIlD, lOla ~~HOIbenr, Pertj

..

- - -

• •

"

"i

~ ..

~" .... ~"~J'" ... ~~ _ ,_"_."~"'~' ...... >._ ~~

~-:.,....- -------.-..- ~ ...

11lE no"OK OF SHET

I

g. Praise be on thee: and the grace of

Mezdam, and His blessing!

10. 0 Thou ~lost Mighty Diffuser of

Light, Ever.revolvicg, Most Blest" who

derivest thy splendor from tby*Creator!

.. PEllSIAN ~Von:.. Who crealed thee wilAouj sub.

,ranee c;r li me.

11. Revolving In the abu,ndant love of .

the greatness of thy Creator,

I 12. In the circle of thy sphere, wbich is

without rent, whi~h neither ~s s umetb a

new shape nor putteth oft' ~n old one, .our

taketh a straight course.

13. Tholl 0 Sun! art powerful in thy

blaze, glorious in thy lustre the burster of

darkness ;'

14. Head of the World! King of the

Stars r

15. Mightiest of Beings above!

1 a.Maker of the day, accQrding ta the

commands of the Most High!

17.. Protector ·of the great lights tha

h"avebodies!

18. :Muy the Supreme -Behrad enlarge

thy bright and glorious body!

10. 0 I ntel Ugent· and Wise! ' ide ...

. ,

r'

spr.ading ..

fo: .

......

I

•

J

• A I

TilE PROPHET TAHMUUAS.

Jpreadintt greatest .of the pure Wardens of

the brilliant Lights! .

20. Lieutenant of the Light of Lights ill

the world of Bodies !

2 J. Thy light most of all ~pproximateth

the light of His Majesty!

CO)JIIBSTAar. That ii, tbe Majesty of God, the

apressioll reftrring to His attribllte of Ligbt of Ligh~.

22. Thou art a symbol of Hi. greatness;

23. A sample from amoDg the samples

Gf His lustre;

• 24. Thou art as a proof of Him upon

His servants;

25. Of Him- who hath bestowed on

thee thy light ov~r bodies when thou illtiminatest

them;

20. And of Him who blesseth thee.

27. By the power 01 tFeryar thou hast

beco~e blest: Thou 'pourest out thy light

on the Stars :

28. And thou takest not from them the

garment of splen40r and light:

2g. Mighty is He who. traced out thy

. form, and kindled thy 1 ustre: .

• There leeml to be lome uror in the 25th anrl 26th

V «'fit •• J read.. if IDe rG wert 'lktR a1l'11, and 'I'" lb_

.. h. II word. of rcilCr&lion.

t YrldlD, Pel'f.

'0 .

as

I,

, ,

)

•

.. ......

TIl ' BOOK OF SrI ET

30. "ho maketh thee revolve in the

love of H .s l\1ojesty !

31. \ Vho gave thee a station in the fourth

he3,.-en . ,

32. And m3 keth thee abide in the midst

of per fed order .•

33. I ::15k of thee, 0 Fatber and Lord of

Grandeur,

34. Lord of Heat, Author of the powers

of the Senses;

35. Cause of whatever is produced anew~

and ere::! tor of the Sellsons ;

30. To ask th:rough the ml!d ium of thy

active soul which beumeth with glory;

3 i. From thy Cr -alaI", and the object of

thy Love,

38. Tile Origin of thy motion, Him

Whose shadow and talisman thou art;

3Q. A nd from all the maje. tic a rid glorious

LICTh :s which arc free Intelligences;

40. That tht'y may a k a wish suited to

the l ternal world, which is pure free from

n velty and change,

oj 1. Or their }';Hher and Lord, their Crea":

tur,

42. The nearest Llgnt, the most gloriolls

I~

THE PROPHET TAHMURAS. 87

A

of cr~3ted

~enceJ

First;

Beings, the univerEal Intellimightiest

of created Beings, alld

..j 3. That he would ask, In t IUs sort,. of' .

the Being worthy to be prai~("d of him;

and worthy to be worshipped of those who

are themselves worthy. to receive won,hip ;

44. The Final Ijrnit of C4iUSCS, t;.e LQcd

that gi,·etb union to 'yorlds ;

45. The Limit and Stablisher of A 11 !

•

46. Light of Lights! \Vorth.y ~f the a-'

doration of eve'ry Intellig~nc~, Soul and

Body, whether celesti~i or material, compounded

or simple: . .-

47. l\fost Perfect in combining;

48. The only I\fezdaram,· Self·exjstent~

whose sovereignty-is l\lajestic !

4g. That he would illuminate my Soul

with pure lights, ad",rable knowledge, and·

lofty excellence: .

50. And make me one of those nigh unto

Him, who are filled with His love;

51. And guard m~ from aJl miseries

whether of soul or body;

52. And give unto me glory, as unto the

Band of Ligh.t and Brightness;

* y ~oid.n. Ptf ...

83.

..

..............

,-.,,:, .. "'1IIoiIII4-.... ~ -.-~ _.'

.:,.~4'~~ .. !.L'!.-·...:tlt

'.

THE

BOOK OF SUET

t';3. And bless and santtify them add Ilj

,for ever. Amen ( Teraj. )

COM'MENTARY" Terajisa word used when on proiw

anotber or wisbes him liomebfessingJ and impJie. II

desire br hope of its being granted: And 'wben one',

well· being is prayed for, tbe petition ia accompailied b1

tbat eJCpr~6.ioh.

64. In the name of the Almighty Mezd'"

, am.

55. Mter · thee, Jerinsharf' 1$ My prophet;

56. Him have I chosen for (lite e.ttiblis"

ment of) Arts,

S7. And I will.hew him the excellcncie.

of the World.

. .. .

\'

_........

.1

..• ,.~t;. • ..;'

__ ... ..... ...a. ..

,

. " ... .." 'DIB BOOK. 'I: .~"" .~ •

:., ", c,:: :.: , :, ~ G

. ,::~L"':

1. LET ~s"take refuge, wi~& Mt~~

from eVli' ,tb~~~,ht~ t~at. ~I!l~a~.· ~~(( .. 4~

.' u.s! '; '; . .: .. " .. ,:. ~" :t

" 2~ If) the !I ante of 'Sbemt1 the· BolJft1itW:!

the Beneficent! ·the:'Mt:tctfdl! the Just!~

. " 3., -In the ~~~~ o~t~'~.;~t':·c,re~t(q'£~~z.

dam!

4. 0 J~m~r, IOIJ o( ~Tebm-to;vd .. :nee

ha.,e I chosen; Stabl~ .t~~u the . rcligiQ8

of th~ ~rea~ Ab4d:.: .~ ~ ,. ..

l). Thou art aD exc~edjng.~ ,r-ophd,

~ ... And.~ . b~v~.JaUI~~ ~~ . aU/rnlfnn~r of

Arts, and adorned th9-!\\~.()rld ~1 ,them.:', ~.

7'j "flight is Qn thy. countenance :

COlunNTART. TIJe light wbicti'lhve gfven is 011

tt.:J 'face;.tliin whoeYer.,~ it aiay ~ 'lia'it prn

~&eda from Me, .ad.lIlt, ~\so.~er tbt light of,-_

unity. , . . ! '.,. , .' ~ ,., (

8. And de) thou speak preciselyac:corcl-

, '

ins-to My ~~r~~ .. ,i " ", ' ~ ~ ,~. ~

.. g: !1 y word is ob thy tongue:

• JtmaL1J aoo QrT&~. " •• :.: ,:

, . ,

.. ,

!"

"._ ..

.- -- \

I ... •• ~ J

. .:.. ,,- ..: ... ~--"-i _ =-----=-_ -'------'-' ,~_

•

THE BOOK OF SflET

CO)l~lnft'AllT. ~lii~e r alii dlfi Creator or Speech,

and thou hast no wOld but mine:

. 'O~ M~ th,?u seest, ~fe tho.u" hearelt.

lIe 'tbou $'tbell~s~ ~te thou tastes"t, ~fe thou

toucbest.

"Q~.nrAJ\Y. For in every thing, .alfd, in r'lf>fy

.

action, thou .hast Me with thee: and fipd~t My light

, s - .1 ... . :.. .... ,.. ~

"jh: every tl,irlg alld in every place f 'and" percd'~l t 1,c

grandeur of tbe Unity of My Reing by all itl'~hldoWr.

:allcJ OllDlne{IC3I'fesC all tlie'srleddor-. of:)!, exi,U: Ice,

an~ heare~t My:"or~ frQ",a~l!:in ~"..~y lb.iug, since ~l

are ~n search of Me: and, sm~lle!»t ~~:!, i,n every tbing,

arid (.aft tuletl tllc' fnvour of' Mj'1tnowlcJge~ Ina,~rt

Iligh unto Me. .

j I. What' thou' s~yest 'ttHtf I say: and

.. ..

thy. aets are ?tfy att9. .

J 2. And I speak by thy' tongue, and

tbou speakeSit to l\te ; ,;'.

13. Tho'l1gb Mortals' beh)'w iinaginc t'hat

thou 'speake'st' to them;' I ,

CO~IMEN'l'~aT. ''1'bou nrr.~·d~oied '&. ~fethat thoa

attendesl . to none , else.

14. Adore Ferchengh'am* .that- thou

lMlyst teceivc' h'eJp {rom' her: :.:. .

, ] 5. La! the prayer I have $ept.. Thus

~. ,... ., r - ..,. ~ :". ..... :

P ray· , ' ,,' '. ..

"

16. In the name of the ~ri~:~~~atioi·l\fe% ..

'.. ........ ~ .. ,;: ....

dA I . . ...... -'. '-'

am. '.. .

1

I

~ .. ~A: ........... : .....

.... • \or.. .' •

17 •

•

, Tnt ~~Rb)Iiif JEM~niD. t1

, ,~,' {,7 ~ ~'t~lP~ ~~,:~u~itj .. :·: ~n:J-i~i{ .1h~~ ~:e ~~e

~lO$lipg ~~:ta~Lord,~ ':1 'I ': :'~

" i8'~)- 1m~y 'atld 'a'dllltrabt~, Lrd~! •

~fIstr~$S ~of'iCrtow-te~ge!' h~d Lady 6(ac •

• ''"J' r- •• ~I ••• -,. _.r..

tlon. • .,. ,~

.. ,. J ,. ~ .... ".. .... • • ,.. 0#. 4 ~ .. ..l

•• ., , . '-" ' •.• :t· . ~ .. , II \'. r

... li·, t .. ~Li@~ .Qf. t~e ,~JilAlFr~:i(.HCr~"

-:gam.) !.~. I ,:~ ... ",. ,.. "~ -: ':.-: l ' .. ::":

, 2~._ H~~py ~e,(~ser of·l.ight,~,; .~ ';"; !, :"

.. , ?ft~·qo,d-niBed Jand'~s'p)endent ! .-,

22. Es:ence ot S~lendor f't.~~ ~" ::. ',rlt

~ ~':i3 ... Itespletltfe~ 'Beloved!' ;!~r. 1- ~

• 24. ~ll:delig.h~ng ~r.d Pure''! ~' ...' "'~!

.) 25-:" dma~nt 'df :Jov," -F~eiidsAip ~ ':md

Goodn~!d ,i. ':;~' •. ~ .. J )~J ~\, .:,!, ~

. " ".

, 20. Obedient tc) th,· Creator,: c·... :-', &.

. ' 27; 'Re~'olri~g in'th~ wve,.,ithf B~f1>v.

L..d .. ' .: ... .'• • "~..:' ~

~" -

'~'28~:' Wfto' is:p~ and independent'!' · I'

, ' 2V. -"In th~ tevt>Iutiob' of his sp~ert:;ree

fiiom disjunction, and change of fgrw ao_d

from a straigh~ cours~! .1 - •••

• I io. -High el~vated ~ is 'thy' .ti~~or,U t~1

Sta~lisher. He who mightily" iaipefieclt 'th~

il2' thY 'Spherltal cikl'fW, , I • '

, 3 h 'Of his great' YliP'~ctiorffa~d: ~V~ : .

32. 'Vho by his love retained thee in tby

cQ}.1rse, thyself being impoterit.· ~. '. •

c..

,

TIl~ BOOK O~ SHET

,C?~f:'!eS'lA1\l" Dr the e2prUlioq i11tJ!Ot- ~ ....

Jlnt i'iI.timate £bolt the sphere hal not a" voluntar, aDd

scli'- directed motion: He only latlnl tliat die moticrq

· of tb..e "Illiere is. -. -donce caused b..T the pUff f6\diance

.8;~rI ~Iight Jight which proc"d. tfo~ it. )~ ,.plle.

del iH'S its 01 igi'li'l stock or ligllt from itt GaiJrdian;

from ,('aeh communication of radiance the Hn'"u . re-

·cth...k the 'po"'er 'of motion; and frOm' ~aeh 1Il6tioll

acqnires the capnci1yor a new radiation, by lDeaDI be

,,,hich {'ffulgen~~ it mOvti. . •

33. H.e>hath assign~d :thee' tby pl.acc i~

the tbi rd Sphere. . , ". .

34. I ask Df thee, 0 lIost Bleat io tAo

•

t\VO .abod~J I"

.~ ,a 6 • Tltat:, .th~1l -.3!1k '.of : thy ,Father and

Lord, of the Cause of thy being. the free

Intelligence, ,.... _"

..

· \ .a~~: lh~t

,

-

'rw,alJAtlt"'.11tQsHlo. ..•

48. That He ~,ould dt~··JDe DeIlt anti

n.:m ,. . ':".. ." ..,

Al ,""'" ill···· .

. ~ •

t -

.... That lie would enlighten : t~ :Band

of Ught .nd· SplendOr, . ~ -:. ~ ~ . ~ : .~. .

-. 45 • .ADd~bkt88 ·~tliedl:atid US~· ':.and purifl.

~·and·ur,·.,j II; t ~ ;";1 ~.'''. J ••

JestiQg.I:~~ '~:,;_ ., "'#~:'~ ~ l . .,

,: 4'1. ~Ih;·£be· ~ame of . tile . Art-creatin,

~ ... ' d.A ~ ~, . ~ j I.. I . • •. j:: : .

Mez ,1.111. . ,

, • ,. I " ~ = .... : . .. . . ',; .

'( .4!J. :r~ou wdt. be,~ake~, .. ~,: .wh.4Lt\ dqi~

would be utterly helpless.

' ,'.1

. . ~

·CQ"JI~NTAl\r. FOfwdrlJllrigi ctJn'nevel'lIucceedin

i~hifying .t~at, however 'much ~h~~1 !Day 'Ittem'p~ ~l,: /o~

Ci) •

,

•

p...

,

I

_.;... ~. The' E"~ o~~s~n'ce5,: ~ . "., ., : r

Tf~e BOOK OF. SIf!ll. ,

they will t~emble like a- brauctj agitatep..by

a stroRg wind: " . .,' .' ,;~~

~2. 'Vhoever kOdWeth. thy· WW~j !hi.

prayer4s ae:c:epte~:' ~. . r I: I,

53. If thou be asked, Have you eee.ri

1de%~~ ? '-.; t . , : '.'

S4. Say, How Sh9U1d !:',krtQw ~ God

(r.ferkh~d.) whCfm -I.never .saWI?: . . ~!,

.55. I would not enjoin the .~r6hjp.of-..

God w.bom; 1. C04.l~d not. ~.b~~!,.·1 . i

COMMENTARY. l-ieS8yt, o Jemsbld! IcanDotkmni

. ~,pd till.! bt'oold Idm .. Fot a ~l~t.I ~, ev~n l~ough

,..ell informetl, Goes not in truth know co\ours as 'l~,

real~y are, tllou~h ~IJ !>'peakinE , ll~ C;!lIs tbe.,~ Lhc"i,

'\\Ihite, ·red itild yt"llow;'llnu k'lIows of ,\ har .co!aur e,'e l Y

lb iog ii, since he :bas hc~1 rd and t~ol't"Cl" - liLiIl.but\"'~

ever he .«Jot's not really ~no~. wl}at yc;ij()W, is, or .."hat

ted is. 80 tbat were God to rc~torp.lo lIilD his,liil;ht,

anJ before he had been tal1~ht to distingllist, colour~,

\ven~ he to be shewn sky~blue, nnd 'lord, this is 'black,

he eouid not he sure wbether . they told 'Ilim 'lrUCb of

fatsehooJ. 'In like mallner \t ia u,dellt Ulat a maamu~t

necessarily be ignorall~'of t-lie pr~l~dier of hiro ."·~05e

he has no~ seen: and. bepc;e,_ unt ij a prnphtl has ~

~he essence of ,the. One-)rhp:haa-no. pr~l'ertie'i I lie never

~.an explain its .n.atu,re .. ~~· y.eo, or command ~hem to

worship.

And arier he' has .,ft,n i'i, nohody "ill lend

their beJief, until he gjves pro()f of .the fac~' by shewing

l~to otJlers~ It is therefore indispC'lIf.able far.a prophet

tlaat lie be .ble teco)td u.at . bd.er4i if':- tile way, tll.at Jbey

too

-- '.

t&tt me,. p~ree'i'\'~ that tub.tanee-J: and-be' ~l~ued frd.

'l1olliJ,• Now a ~~t iit'tlu~· rtfigb ~ fI,,, ·friend of Yez..

t;lll,;: \,,~ '.£n)p~~M 'Pll'vi~, ·the· :son" Gf'-~u~ Emperor

flkrltfltZII, t".~e

aod the· MMuions of t~e Planeta the Vinl In oer ,

tbe tire tbo "~r th of his motion in the way of God,

the air h is 'br~lfJb t . the water his:. SWllaJ,; tbe earth lh~

place on. which he sleps as he walks, tbe.) igbtning bit

I ugb; the tJlundeI his ,'oiee, the l'1I.n hil tears, aad

organised bo(H'e~ lbe 'worm. in bis belly: wllile hit

Soul is composed .of th~ Souls above and beiO~t aad

his lntdligencc·of.the Intelligences ·above and bela ...

M an lherefore sboul hoL l'est : utisfied with bel.."

belly.worm; but ought Co strive to become a Soul ..

l'he lil\bstance of w4at has been expl. in td~ is

c01ltllilled,

- in tbe Hii~ejttit, which is a portion of·the. DcsaUr writ ..

ten in lfle Limrtini tongue, and wbi~h I haTe follow·ed

ill this . eJ pasition ;

flg,. The world is an idea of tbe Self.

,existent,

~I O. N an·eIistence is the mitror of ex; ..

tence.

G I f vVitl10nt the Jigbt of the Self-existent,

Nothing 1s.

52. His 1ight extendeth . over: All, and

confetreth being on a}l e~istence

(lgo' Tbe choicest of DB e.ff~Jgedcel is the

shining of knowledge'" o·il ruen . of undert

.a.n d' wg. s

6·1, Bya single !\a9h of t~e Creator (Jinal),

both worlds "became visible.

COllililENTA RY. The Doe or wl.icb b immaterial nd

JlOl ill time j the other (he mate.tial wQrld. Bod. de-

,ire

•

trap! ~oprrt?2· JEMSll1D. '

,

.rin. H air. being: flom the 'l.l,);dor of the ,!un of the

• ES~t:nl'e (If the Mo,LJusl. .,

05., The mul~ipHcity' of worlds, invisible

and visible, is unity in respt'c~ ,to the Unity

of God l Hil;"d ), for nothing else hath be ..

lng. ~

60. The,Perfect seeth unity in multiplicit)",

and multiplicity in U(}~ty.

CO!\IlIENr4-RV. Qlle ~.ct cOllceal the HeaJly-Elfs.

tent in the \lorktt of the Crealiou; do not Ilerceive tile

Ueally- Existen!, bllt observe th~ Creation; d~m (qc

crealeJ 10 be separate from the Reall}~-Fxi~te/lt, and rec·

lOll the It«:ally-Eltistent diR'errnt from the crealion: and

this class are ulled Ftrjifl(j.Shai -which means " of

.inferior pt~cc'·. The second is (lie SfCl that Bee- the

ltenny- Exisl('nt, Lilt nollhc Creation; nn.llhis class is

suicidal: they arc call d ~·em7·jjd wliich means y lIiled

(Girdwcn:l), '1~he chid dass see the Hc .. ll ... Exi~tcnt,

and qbsCTye the Creation through Him, and lOlIlk God

: in whatcH~r

. .

esibts: 1.!lose \VIlo ilre of tlli. class do ll:)t;

believe that to Ji:.corer un:ty ill tllul ipli.;i·y, an~ llMlt·

tip!h:ity in '!Il!'Y is any O'Jstrll~lio;l Lo a klloldedge or

Peal ~lIity : the name of (his u!eo;~e.l class is Semrad

S,mrad which means United.in· Uuity (Gel d\\'eml-

Gerdwend ).

'

67., 0 Jetrnsllar~:!' thou seest God (Ferkhfld)

in his sen"ant, aftd the servant in God:

68. \Vith thee .. unity .- does not obstruct

multiplicity nor multipli£ity unity. \

•.

Jc:mlhid, Pc.n.

,

"

i

~

... -.,.. .... -

~--

.... ..

...... .. ~,." ......

THl nOOK OF SII£1' .

60. Say unto mankind, Look not upon the

Self-Existent with this eye: ask for another

eye.

COMM1I'!fTARV. Th:lt :". the eye of the t-earl•

70 Ho v shouid they not see Him wh.

is God? (Ferkh".d).

71. That person is born blind who saith

that He cannot he seen.

72. He is blind from thfl womb who

cannot perceive the Self-existent in this

.pl~ndor which is His.

73. They have a cataract on their eye

who cannot see Him.

74th The Perfect l\Tan ~acheth God (Ri

!abram) as, the line of thl! circ:e rt:turoetb

td the point whence it began;

i 5. So hast thou returned unto 1\le:

10. And bringcst in whomsoever tholl

list

. '

."

]00 TJ] E B OK OF sn T

A" e~j:i , ~o lh lj IJle soul n r V('fY Jnm m'ly deri ... e J If!'."f

~n " TO ITI Il. f\n,1 it is oue of t Il e Bouk. ut'll c :ecrc::t

e : the (j, laL 'lod. '

83 . In the lume of l\1 zd" tn, tbe Cr t"~to ,r

of Art

S~. Now ~f:lnkind h~v e become ("vil

doers, a.nd ha v·e takeu the road of ravenous

beasts;

85. And know not thy wort h ;'

86. And com pr hend not the meaning of

thy vlords, and moreover insult th;:e ;

87. And have forgotten the bless' no

thou didiit ask fo r them:

8 . ow [ ill take thee away from the

mi st of them. and it is fit ting that they

remain under the band of iz kh* the Ta ~ j.

1

.I on of, 'itlllli 1-. 1/ e pnid

\\ O' ~! II P 1\1 Yn·, d~ ll (lI :d t ill> 5 101 " on -w lllrb acconn

~ ct7.l ! it~ 1 !!1;1l1 ':ll h ! 11l I'l i wi· III''!!. DII ',w hi rei"n ' I ~

~ -

i;II> t lIil l dow n froll. lIi!l Ifl le, Ild ·f' Il.{ him In Lh: 1.

' 0. I \ il l ri ng t e n -r unto lfy e r

al d do tlJ u al"de e-vc:r \\lith .Ie;

* Jh h· :Jk. Pt"'U. Taz i l ~} Pl/ f' P sr·n fii -Orr I f he ;r" i

t.r .\ HI. I'li. He I lll: ~ t r b ,- : !I

.. .

THE PROPHET JE)lSHID,:

• 201 ,

. go. Thou art 'not well whilst far remov.

ed from Me.

t i. J h~" ~i~ eytt ;OS' the road to

watch when thoa eomest nigh unto ~e •.

02. And as a punishment upon Ma~kiDd;

for that they heard not thy "01'&, they

shall endure much calamity_ After whicb

I will send Ferisdum* on the work of pro.. '

, I

JlhecJ; . . ,

03. That he may reviYe tb1reHgion •

. "

•

,

.......

THE BOOK

•

SHET THE PROPHET FEBIDUN.

. 1. LET us lake refuge. with Meadam

from evil thoughts which mislead and clia.

tress us!

2. In the name of Shemta, the BountifuJ,

the Beneficent, the Merciful, the Ju,t !

3. In the name of Mezdam the Helper 1

-t. 0 Perisdam son of Ateblr,. I have,

taken pity on Mankind aDd 00 harmless animals,

and have chosen thee, who art my

friend, for prophecy: and have made tho

'world obedient unto thee •

•

5. Revive the religion of the Great Abad

(Ferzabfid ).

o. Charms such as, till now, DO ODe hath

knowll,t have I taught thee.

7 •. 'V orshj p Temiram! that he may be

thy aider in knowledge.

·8. Lo! I have seut for th,ee, the form of

his praise .

• In the Persi.n# Periduu tbe IOn of AtebSr.

t l\hny of hi. charm •• rel.iCl to k .ill Inuit'.

: Tt'~ilir.w i. Tlr (~lcrcyr1 ).

-

. -

THE PROPHET f£IUDUl'4'. -

O. In the name of. Mezdam tbe Helper t

10. Thine i. parity, and OD thee is die

J,lessiog of )lczdAm. ,. '.

11. 0 Mighty! Good I Wise!

12: Father and. Lord! exalted TemirAm.

., the Spbcre ! .

11. Intelligent! Active! SagaciaI! ID.~.

ftDtive ! True!

14. Sage of the HcaveDs! '.

IS. Sage among the Mighty!

1 G. Sage of Warlds !

1'/ • Lord of Wonders !

18. Communicator of Secrets and Wonders

!

1 g. Treasurer of abstruse know ledge! •

20. Conductor to tearning !. - ,

21. A.ider of the huge stars" according to

tileir temperamenta ! '. . .

22. Who rainest down quickness of .

comprehension, and knowledge, and an ac-

. quaintance with the essence of things!

23. Obedient u~to thy Creator,

~4. In the revo.lutioD of thy Sphere, whichil

rree from susceptibility ot disjuDctioD, Or

of aslllmiog' or laying alide its form: or

e£ .,"'tiD, iIlt., a Itraiaht ~.;

,

'-.".

"" THE BOOK OF SlIET

25. In the love of thy holy Beloved!

- 26. High is thy Creator, thy Illuminator,

the Imparter of hidden Secrets,

27. Who poureth down the ligbt tba:l

guideth thee to eternity:

28. \Vho hath assigned thee a place "

the SecoDd Heavea.

. 20. 0 Ever-ready to guide!

30. I ask of thee that thou ask oftby Father

and Lord, and thy Creator and Be ..

loved, who is an Intelligence,

3 J. A'nd of the disembodied Intelljge ,n~s

which are the Lights elevated above ioferio,"

principles,

82. That they would ask a wish suited

to the Intellectual 'V orid which is free

{rom change; ,

33. And of their Father and Lord, the'

Origin, most wQrthy to be praised of aU

created Beings, the Universal InteJligea,ce;

34. That he would ask in this lort of the

Universal Creator, the Stablisher of aU Be ..

ings and ,Essences, worthy of the adorati,o

of worlds, the Causer of Caules;

35. That he would exalt my Soul, rI,

bring me near unto Him; •

•

TIlE ra.ONlET FERlDUN:'

J4l5

80. And speak unto ~e, and.turn aside,

£rom me the evil of this abode and of that

abofk ;

'3j. And illumi'late the band of Lighi an4

'Splendor, and bless tbem ~nd US~ and p~ri.

fy them f~r ever a,nd ever. So be it. ,

as. In the n~mc of M7~da~ ,the Helper!

. ag,' 0 Perisd~m*! Prophets never' rois_~

\.... ,-

Jead:

-40, Their words and 4eeqs, are fr.om the

~~lI\a[}d of Mezc.iam,;

41. Whosoever speaketh evil of'Jer~

. shar,t bring him, to a proper ~~nse: I

42. Jermshar is my campanion.

COIUIENTARY. The evil banr:4 revile Jemshid tlJ~

prophet, tbe King of Kings~ Bring this band to a pro ..

per s~nse, that they may not designate as Bad, that

migbty prq,phet w.ho is now my cOIO~nion, and, re ..

'leased froln the body and from bQdily affection ••. In.

-,'

8tru~t with your tongue and your hand him whe docs ,

not aU'nei to Y01l. For prophels never err, since he

... J10 is cho"en of Yezdan never de\''iates into the evil

faith. It is related that Jemshid (\'fho is mercy alto

~therl. ha.ving ,,,

tHE BOOK OF SHE'f

q'n therefore eOll1mnnds them to desist from this ml

talk, and says to his prophet Ferid6n t . the highly ,ifted,

that he must restrain men from it. H e rlrtb~r iDfOl'1lll

the prophet and King of Kings Feridun of "alted

nalure;

-43. Now, thy sons shall become rebellious,

and shall find retribution at Jast :

44. And they shall not attain the object

of their wishes: I will speedily giye it to

Miruzad;·

COllllllENTARY. He infonns the prophet, Tir aa4

Selin will become refractory and meet with ani table

retribution: they will aim at the sovereignty of the

kingdom of Iran, but unsuccclllfully: l)1at territory I

"ill be6tow on Menucbebr !

45. And after thee Miruzad shall be a t

prophet;

4~. And thou art one of the mighty

Prophets. I have shewn thee hidden secrets;

and I have given thy race supremacy

over the world. -

41. I have made thee prophet and kiDg

over the whole world.

48. Thy posterity I have raised to Sovereignty.

• COl\IMt:xTAay. For tbe Prophet, the King of Kinp

'of the age, divided the world into tbree parfl, and

gave them (0 his sons, and the 5!overeignf, continued

in their race.

• M~nuthcbr, PCII,

•

,•

TtiE BOOK

0' saET

THE PROPHET MENUCHEHR.

'0'1

•

"

1. LET us take refuge with MezelAm

from evil imaginations wbich mislead and

harau'us! '

2. In t~e name of ShetntA, the nenefi- •

cent! the Bountiful! the Merciful! the

. JUlt!

3. In the name of the Only Metdam !

.t. 0 Miruzid son of .Yershad, I have

~xalted thee over SimQ.r and tTIst61; and

DOW have I chosen thee for propbecy and

lovereignty! Adore tho'u the ModD.

I 6: In the name of the One Mezdam !

f5. Tbine be praise; and on thee be the,

hbsing of 'Herjem. t

1. 0 Very Mighty! Learned! Wise and,

Good Moon (Ferihem) of the Sphere!

8. Thou art the one whom they worship

amongst us, 0 1\1000 !

.'

• Menucbehr •• n of lr.j. P,n.

. t Sel .. ~~d Tur. Per, lrt·j .al abe luppOied IDcator of

lb.: 11'&"", I ur of the Turlni ..

~ YezdlD, Prr,.

g.

•

---~'-~ --

L

lOS'

THE BOOK OF SHET

g Minister of the Sun and his Vieegerent!

Pestower of colours!

1 0: "~ho ridest on the SpherJe' The

friend of the very mighty Celestials !

II. Key of the Heavens which readily

Qb~yt

12. Guardian of the Element of Water!

13. Lord of lVloistures, 'whether as to the

3~,suming or putting ott of figure!

14. Obedient to thy Creator!.

15. Revolving in the circ1e ofthySphe 'e.

which is unaffected by. interruption or inju- _

ry!.

_

16. In thF love of thy beloved Intelligence!

17. Glorious is thy Creato. an~ F.xalter • .

18. 'Vho raineth down the liglJ'ts·tbat

confer on thee the state of eternitv !

Ig. "''''ho hath given thee .rest to !Ie fi~ t

Heaven t

COMMENT,lnv. He says the first Heaven, me.1niug

tJle .E1~l\Ie"tal' Hl'a\,~I1; because of His. goo ue IJe

'Uould IUtilllate to his terrestrial se.rvan\s, t it ... , ilIl S.

should ,eclwil from h.;:()\V. upwards.

20. 0 Ever re,dX,·to aid! I ask: of. th.e~ a,

benefit;

21. That th.ou wouldst ask. qL tbJ Fat~er

and..

THE:PROPR.'t tiEf'lrlCOEHR.

f09

iltd:Lord,' thy·Creator.~ whe; is. kn'Intel1i ..

gence .and thy Bek>\'ed:; , . .',. ,'.. ": :

22. And Qt'aJl the! ;active JntelMgenees,

which are lights free and indepeDli~nt of

the at&ctiolls·bf matter;

23. That tbey would ask a wish suited.

to the world that is free 'from accident' and

change;

, 24. And (,"at . they tlJould as}) of the

the Origin of their ,Bei~g, the first-created

Existence, the nearest Light, the Universal

Intelligence,

25. That he would ask of the One wafthy

of his adoration, and worthy to'; be

adored of such as are worthy of adoration !

of Him who is worthy of the adoration of

Worlds!

26. The adorner of the nests' of Being!

27. The Former of the Entities of the

whole of them!

28. Lord of Bounties and Splendor! The

Ne~essarily Existent! \

, 2g. That He would purify me by the

affusjon of his pure light;

30. That He would purify me and bring

me Dear unto him ;

11.

•

"

_____ III _UoI ..... ~ ....... _~_

, .

· "

110 . THE 1IOGK OF S8ET

an

S 1. And glorify me far away f'r~m

calamitiel whether of Soul or Body ;

32. And glorify the band of light and

Iplendor,

33. And purify them and us; and. bles.

them and us;

34. For ever and ever. So be it.

35. In the name of the One Mezdam!

30. After thee will come a prophet Ky.

]aserv. by name, who will fill all with a

mazement at his freedom from worldly a.trections;

A~d he will be the companion of

l\Iezdim.

• KJ Khulfou. Perl:

•

THE BOOX

III

THE. PBOPBET ~Y-KHUSROrJ.

LET 1. us take refuge with Mezdam

from,evil imaginations that mislead and-dis ..

tress us!

2. In the name of ShemtA" the Bounti-:

ful, the Beneficent,. the l\lerciful, the ~ust!

• _ 3. In the n~me of MezdAm the Creator

of the free (disembodied spir~t).

4. 0 my Prophet! K.aila~rv son of HirtaUsh,.

thou art high exalted near l\Ie!

_ 5~ Thy heart is never lep"rated from b{e

for the twinkling of an eye.

6. Thy Soul is an angel, and the son of

an angel: and so I. have given thee a great

and exalted angel, named Intelligence.

COlnIINTAar. When He says, thou art an angt'l

and the .on of an aDgt'I, two things may be observed:

the one that as, in trulh, Inlelligence is the first fllther,

lie teU .. Ky Khutroo, thOA art the son of that Mighty

Angel:' aD,1 th~ oth~r Ibat in saying, thou art the 801\

of an angtJ, He call ii.nulh an angel from hi. "excel.

Jen(~; For ,he Suul when it separalel froID the lower ,

• The Pmlln b ... " K1 Khua:oll lOll of Sli".kb,b!!

bot1y

,

•

,

l ..:

.. ~ :---

-----_ . ....,

~ ....

-..- ... IIW ........ ,

....·....,,···.··w, we"'?

sf . ?

TH E BOOK OF SHET

body alld returm ~.k.. fo i~ owP. netive place, becomes,

like an angel, and assllme .. the rank of an angel.

7. Finally I will place thee near Myself,

along with Ferhushbud.*

8. Thou art not absent from before Me

for one twinkling of an eye.

g. I am never out of thy h~ rt ;

10'. And I am contaiped in no thing, but

in thy heart, and in a heart like thy heart.

COMMENTAJI,Y. For I am contained in the h.eut

that is pure like thy beart.

. .

11. And I ani nearer unto thee thaD tho'll

art unto thyself.

12. 0 My friend! Do thou make stro'ng

the religion of the Great Ab~d J who is the

greatest of prophets and tbat religion which.

is My own religion.

) 3. For they can find no straight road

towards Me except by this religion.

, 14. I have' given thee ·such support and

protection in the lower world;, that a return

of thanksgiving is indispensable upon

thee;

15. ' For I ,have bestowed on thee celestial

endowments, bave given thee a M'iniste:t"

like Destar, and a warrior lik~ RustSJ.t

'* Rehman, Pers,

t D.II'a.u and Ru.tom, Pen.

I

I'

18: And dignified thee w:ltlf. su:h' diit."

tlnert·on. tbat, .in s'pite 'vfall thj: power,.

thou didst keep fat away from women, n~'

did.t, ever' mingle. with them; but day 3~d

Jlight did,t bind thy heart to :\Je. ..

. Co,.JlE1'f1'AltT. Observe I~af. ·by .~~ t"~'flte ... ~n,

". kept tltr a,ny frolD. W.opifD,". Ut: daes Dol Olc.n~:

tbnu 'idat Dot talk ",ith n'Olllen; II e m~an!

)'f

., . Trf E BOOK OF sn ET

Jedg~s: thy knowledge is a ray of fy

k.nowledge, and thy action a sample of My

~tion.

21. In the nameof,.rezdam. the Creator

of unembodied Beings!

!?2~ I have made thee ,· ictor:ious . over

thine enemies; and ha"e bestowed on thee

whatever of external and iuternal excellellce

was useful.

. 23. Now thou art not satidied with com ..

ing unto me from time to time. and longest

to abide continually nigh unto m~.

2-1. 1 too am not satisfied with thy abo

Scnc~ : ,

25. A!though thou art \vith ~feJ and!

with thee, still thou desirest, and I desire,

that thou shouldst be still more iutimalely

\ldth !\le ;

2(}. Jlesign the Lower " .. orld to *'Tinr.sp;

for t~e glory of l\lezdum i~ upon him.

Co~nlENTA RY. W hen the factll ie! of intel igenet,

sight, anJ tilsle cbllst! a n1p an, an.] wb ' n juslice has

lleil her excess nor ddicil'llcy, t il is called the glory of

YCld1n; aud, \\itl1ouL 111is glory of God, nQ manis

,,·orthy of royally.

• Lohrasp. Pel,.

t Thi. relat,.. to tbe doctrine of all ,irtuf I"illg ill ib ~

nlll.hL LlclW(tll '1\ Q l!:~lrtLnC:'.

THE PROPHET KY;.KHT]SltOU.

1'1s

27. And Tin~~ shall have' a worthy son,

in whose time the Mighty Prophet ~ertUsh.

shPUcome.

-

28. And his Bo~k ~. Enigmatical and

U nenigluatical.

,

•

.."

•

1 •

\

:THE BOOK

or

&

SllET TIlE PROPHET ZIRTUSH1'.

J. LET us seek refuge' wfth r.fe7.d4rn'

{rom evil imaginations which mislt: , d and

distress us !

,. In the nameo(Shemta, the Bountiful,

the Bcmeficent, the ~lerc ifull the Just!

3. In the name of l\lezdam !

~. 0 Hertushad son of . Heresfetmad, I

have selected thee for prophecy:

6. And have communicated to thee ~r,

'Vord in three ways;

~. One in dreams, and that is the

tVakhrijkameh;

7. The second in ~o~ing , aed tbat is

!Ar\"a~iast ;

B. T~e third in waking when thou hast

~eparated from the body, and passed ,yilt.

lO angel above the heavens;

. .

g. Thy soul reacheth ~Ie.

J o. All the speech which I h3V ,C bes.to\v

~d 00 thee is ot" two kinds;

• t" 1".lot oi.,n .,f'r,r,,"t;ma", Per."

t Yal(l -' r ... m~1 , J"-rl; U ... ~

•

. THE PROPHET .ZIRTUSRT. U1.

11. The Enigmatical and the Unenigma

~ical; Cause thou the enigmatical aud unenigmatical

~o be alike.

) 2. Do no work but aC'cording to the

Desatir.

13. I, have u'nfolded to thee th~ secrets of

being altogether.

1 ... Now thou knowest the past, the present

and the future:

. 15. Untd whomsoever I grant the gift of

prophecy while waking, .to him do I ddiver

tb~ religion of the Great Abad.

10. Tbis religipn is 1\J y Bel~ve

Jl8

THE BOOK OF SHET

21. Next, A son like Sepehnad,· who is

a 'Sage ~Iobed anda General;

2.2. Again, A ~li[}isterlike . lemisadt who

knoweth the Secrets of a-il' the Sphert"s.

23. And moreover a kingdom like HirUs!

for thine abode;

24. And in consequence of this dignity

an Princes ha \"e become thy vassals.

25. In the name of MezdAm !

21}. Now, 0 ~1y Friend! thou hast come

near unto Y\ie, and 1 have made thee neat'

unto l\le. AS,k whatever thou listest, that

I may answer. .

:J7. In tbe name of ~rezdam !

28. Thou hast askp.d, 0 ~f ighty Lord!

Baw didst thou create the world?

.20. Know, 0 ~ly Friend! that the e-s·

lence of the Self·existent is one;. and witL.- ·

out what or how.

so. Bei~g is like light ,; and Ijght becometh

,·isible.

31. His greatness belong

\

•

THE PRO~HET ZIKTUSIIT.

H9

82. As I have said· in .the Book of the

Cre3t Abaci.

33. ""hen the Sphere ~gan to revolve

by the light of l\-J~tdlm, four elements and

three children were produced.

84. And these thre-e children are dependent

on the four mothers; they on the

Sphere, it on the Soul, it on Intelligence,

.nd it on Mezdum. .

ss. Whatever is on earth is the resem

\llance and shadow of something tbat is' ia

the Sphere.

80. \Yhile that resplendent thing. re-,

maim-th in good co;,dition, it is well also

with its shadow.

37. 'Vhen that resplendent object re .. ,

lDoveth far from i"la sb .. dow, life remoH:lh

I

to a distance.

-

88 'Again, tTlat light is the shadow of

lomething more resplendent than itself;'

sg. And so on up tu l\Jc, who am the

Light of Light!'.

40. Look' (therefore) to ~Iezda,m who

causetb the shadow to tall.

. "'1. In the n"meof AIezd~m!

• The prototypc lba' i. iu dat S"huc;

•

..

•

i

)

I

•

,

l

•

•

]20 THE BOOt" OF SUET

42, Now a Wise~lanJ named Ti~nur*

will come from L urakht in ordr to consult

thee cunccrning the real nature of

things.

'"'3" 1 win tel! thee "'hut he asketh; and

do thou answer (his 9,llestiolls) before be

putteth t he Ir..

C 0 1Ll.ENTAlty. It ' is said that wilen the 1. nleo[

.he euellellce of Ihe nature 01' Zerlfi. ht had sluud

all oyer the worlJ, alld when 1 felluiar weill round the

'Wort i~ erected fi re.l.emples, and raised domes over the

fit ; the wi e men of Yunall selected a age f)amed

'J ' o. , t ~ a.nU ~ h, \Ii ho III that till1e had Ihe superiority io

acquirt'mellls over them all, to go to Iran fir tl lO ert

'loire of Zertusht conccrllillg t ht> Teal nalule of lhinocrs.

If he was puzzled nnd unable (0 answer, he could he

110 prnl'het j but if he returned an on ~er, . be was a

ISpeaker of lru th. W hen. the -unani age arrived at

Halkh, GlIshta..sp appointed a proper day, on whic:b.

the Moheds of every conntry sh~uld 8~ cmble; and

a goU n eI.air \us placed for the Yunani Sage. Then

the bdoveu of Yezdall, the propil("t Zertu!lht advanced

into the midst of the n sem bly. Tbe lllTlani aae DD

se{'jng Ihatchief laid, " . 'l'hi ' form and t lli ' gail can

" II " t lie , and nOllgl t but truth can ~ ro cted ftolD.

'" them." He Ihen a .. ked the day of Ihe prol)heL"

nll tivity. rhe prophet of God 101 J it. He sa.id "On

"uch a clny, nnd under such a (urtllnale rar a decei ..,..

" er ClIl1nut J)C' uom. n lIe next enquired into bis did

* T!ll lanlll'h. P.

1; YU IJRII. p , llial is Greece.

6'

Tni pJ(oftHE1'zrRTV~HT.

fttd nIOCIe of life. TIre propflee Of GotI ex-pfaided t&.

Whole.. The Sage Ilid," Thi. mode ef hfe (',,,..

•, sWt an impofllor ....'

Tbe' prophet of' Ya"'n th.

Aid fo him; U

I bave a-nl1feled' you tbe quedi-.

" "ltich ,"om have put to' me i now, tetain in' .1°.

" mW w~at tfre fam,d Yunloi Ba,'1 directed 1811 to

H enquire of Zertulht aad dilcloee it aet, bat Ii,tea'

" and hear wut the, uk ;. for God bath ilHormed m.

R of it, and hAth &eni his wordi unto me to aoroM it ....

The Sage .aiff, " Speak.''t 'thereupon' tlie prep,""

Zeriumt ordered hia Icbmar to' repeat the followio5

tu.&I ;.

.... The friend of acutene .. win sa.., unfet

thee. The N 6rAkb -Sag.es ask, ,What ate •

tbete far a prophet In (his world 1 ,

"5. A prophet is ne~sary 00 this- a-ccoot,

that men are connected with each C'I'"

tber jl) the c'oncerns' of life;

TH E BOOK OF SHE'.

50. He will ask thee, How can we kno

that a prophet is really called to,bis offi ?

51 . By his knowing th,lt which others do

not know;

52 And by his giving you information

,regarding your own heart;

53. And by his not being puzzled by any

question that is asked. .

54. And (by this) th~t aoo her cannot do

what he doeth.

o III M F N T JI, It y. For ".bell he is

be p rforJrui ,III'm . and QO other can .

ked for m.iracl£

55. And tbl y.' have disco .... ered that a

Jvli~hty Ki n.g. a ~ e archer of hig h kno Ie ae,

w ill arise, and will love them exceedingly.

they wjll ask of thee, V{ho is he ?

• P RIUU AN NOTo. . Tho Ywu'1lli Sarres .

Co lM EN TAllY. M l'Ul jofllhe noillie anq markll of ";IB

",hom th is b lid of sage ' ba e dis overeJ by their knq w.

ledge, their good .deed uDci per picn.city-of be rt:

56. That King wIll be the son of a King

{)f the race of Vishhidt the King of Kings;

57. When the Hirasist shall do evil, and

Blay their king/ Mezdarn shall convey him.

though a Hirasi, to Tupal.~

t Gu.ht a5 p r,,-~ .

tlr , . ni~ Pe '~.

§ Hu.n !,'lrl I . t . Greer(> • . The "Ime f RU,m AI cbin,

l-liled ~ u lUC: A5111l1C dunlllllUU$ of the lower _ rc k tfi,ruplfe.;

58.

..

THE PROPHET Z(l~TlJ~HT.

Jts

1$8. And that KiDg shall become a very

'Virtuous, accompiished ana wise King; and

:shall' in the end 'give his nook to the

. lIirasis ;

, \

fig. That they may insert it in the DesA",

th·.

- COM"B~TA.nY~ 8y this,be di~tinel1y indieates ~h8

Jd that

volume inlo his ha"ds. He heard it read, ,ppJauded

the relis-ion of Abiid, ( 01) w'hicb be bles.iHgs),' pmi,cu

• p,.ritillkhl . rot'"n,. nllughtl'r (If Ih" Fairif'l. fir f~iryc1lugttt'r;

10 Pt'roz.df'h r .. jry,c-hJl.I. ",h,.n"f' Parysali,; B"II.

libeMk, 'hI' llllle • ..It-IHtnr, whl'lll'e n'Sill"

d.ugbtu uf D£r.b .lId wife of ::itkilud"r.

\

l::iue \\'11" IIII~

~ho

THE gOOK QF SH ET'

the rrtatness of ZertasfJt ani tPte G'ut.' of ~h ,at Re~i~01T.

aM commandtd the Moheds (hat they should make tha.f

boek a portioD oJ the DesAtir. T hal ~aered volume i

kno-wn under the name of Sekand'e'r, as it wu for tnl

instrllction that it was revt'aled to ?ettu ~ lu ; ,and tJ ....

beginning of it is, " III the name of th. Girve[ of j(coW'.

" ledge Mezdam."

0('). And, wherr that King cometh- to H'l-

J'as,. he will cause the Books of the HI-

rasis to' be translated into the' Nurakbif

tongue.

Q )/. Hence the' Sect of Internal Uhs,tni

Dation will 3.ise among the N"rakbi&" a$

welt as that of Reason.

COMJd E l'C T'\ R Y. The Sect o£ Giisbesp6aa of Ir,:m,

and Yunall is a'm~(iillm between the Illuminated and

the Ralionali.-;t. \V hen Sekander came to han., be

fOund thaI the Gu~hdpialls of, II au. n ere tIle b,ef(er and

t,wiscr; ard he IOHllli IhHt they had snch o,wer t1l, rr

when tiley plea4led, Ihey left the body, ' hu:h Ihey I rea t~

c·d as a ganu(,llt, A n,l: bt',idps them he s " auollJer

d l50S of m!'n in ldin, who. hl-' mea n of 1 f'a:sem oIUIl\ metlil.ltiOIl

(nirlll~d), di~(b\'e,,'d,llte real n ·\!ure o · things as

~hcy ~clll::lIy eXIst; a' d there W ;I S 1i0 silch ~a.ss of

mt'A ~I Y'lIl1an:' ~I:tving cullected all tliei,r buok§ betra-n~litt~d

(hcm illln llt~ Y lInaui and H6mi tonalle.!. e

J: t:.lllI'fl ~a\'e Iii::; Pr.imt ~hllib1.er ( lJellu.r ). a,nd 'feacb

,

• f·,,,, ['.:,,,.

t 'fUllIltIi, l'tl~. ,

l"'llaL r. I\I&lC & better titan the 6uMlnpiiai (lr Ydntll.

•

, .. -" r- "";

_ ... tt

~ z ______

t' __ _

•

-. . ." _...

tHE PROPHET ZUiTUSHT. · 125

" ~ lLe mle of (he chief Mobed and S&g~, and made

.illl ilio Iliad of tile Nirnudii~ From tbis time for·

ward the Sect· of Raliooaiists prevailed, ~DiODg tl,,~

....... unauia .nd Kumia.

I :~2. When the Nurakhi heareth these

., words from thee who~ . I ha\>e sent, he

. will ~nter into thy Faith, and become a

worshipper of MezdAm.

CO •• BNTART. When Hle ~unani S:tge .1u~ard aU

these words, be entered into th~ Faith, and studied

knowledge and wisdom under the beloved of God, Zert

.. ht the prophet: and the king of kings Gnshtasp' .

. besto"ed on him the Office of Chief of the Hirbeds of

Yunan, and of the Mobeds of that country. The ac- !

complisbed man having returned back to Yuna"

" brouglit over tbe il1habifanu to the religion of that

blessed prophet.

'03. In the name of Mezdam •

. . G4. Q p~opbet and friend! Hertush son

.f HeresfctmAd! '\Then SenkerAkast a rri v

ed, he was turned into the rig~t road b1

and ret~rn-

'.• one fershern of the Nav~sha!.

ed back into Azend.§ ,

COln'.NT.A a r. C.bensercngacbeh was a S~e r~·

Downed for bis acuteneSB pnd wisdom, and the Mobecls

(win. men) of the Qarth gloried in being hil Icbulars .

.

• Tbl! Aut,s anti P,r,ian. im'Gine tbat· Ari.tolle ...

Alexalldn'. Prim!! Mltlil'fr. '.

+ ('h .. n"rt'n~.ch~b . P",.

t By 01lt' Niatt (itr :3"ClIVII) Gf tbe A'4'tlta PII'I_

\ Wmd p" ..: .' .

\Vhen

(i'l

•

m

r

, ... ,., ."f.~ __ II' .. ____ L- ._ • -..a_.

liS

THE BOOK OF SHET

'V.hen be be.rd of the greatness of the wophet eI

'r ezdan, Zertusht the son of hfentf'min, he came to

}r411 with the intention of overturlJini the Good Itt ..

Jigion. When he reached 8.Llkh, before he had drop.

ped a single word from bit longue, and before be had

asked a smgle question, tile prophet of Yezdan, Zer.

tusht, uiel into him, Commit not to your tongue whilt

you I!ave in your"lJcart, but keep it becret. He tbell

adclres~etl a Sage who was his disciple, .'yiDg, Uud

to him one section CNisk) or the Awesta. 10 Ibis hIsled

section of the Awesla were found the questiODl of

Chengerengacheh \Vidl the 8nswen, which He (God)

himself had communicated ·'0 the prophet; forewarning

him, tbat such a person, of such 0. name would

come j that his first question would be thil, and tht.C

the answer was to be l'o. 'Vben Chengerengacheh sa.

this mirl\c1e, ,he ·wal' converted to the Good Faith, and

returning to the land or Hind ·remained steaely ia tlUl

ble.'i~cd religion. M:ly YezJan the Boontiful pDt to

Us and our frit'nds this best of Faiths!

65. Nowa Brahman named Biru. will

come from Azend very wise, insomuch tbat

there are few such persons on earth!

00. He, in his heart, intendeth to ask of

thee. first, 'Vhy is not Mezdam the immediate

maker of aU things baving being?

(J]. Say thQU unto him; ~fezdam is the

l\Iaker of all things; and used the medium

of ·no instrument in bestowing ex-isif

Biu Perl uudou\Jttdl,f tb.: c:ti .. bratec1 V, •• or 'f) ....

. tCllce

. .:

. '

TRB, P,ROPHET ZlItTU8Ht.

·teri~ on the Chief of Angels; but in regard

to al1 other existences he made use of an

. in8trum~nl.

COMIIIElCTARY. The first Intelligence reeeived beiDg,frO!n

the Deflower of lleillg wilhool t,be inlerv.-nlioll

of any inltrument; while all ather belllgs received uis·

ace by the intervention of instrllments and media.

OS. And tbis intervention of being, de- .

gree after degree, doth not proce.ed. from

any Inability iu'Mezdlm .to create (direc'~

ly). '

6g. The cause of it is that one class of

e.xistences hath not the capacity of receiving

existence but through a·medium ;

7(). And some classes ~ot. without t~e

intervention of media,. and others classel

Dot without many media.

Co •• IKT.t.RT. He lay', tbat in truth, all. thillgl iQ

the fe.l1m of being haYe been created of Yezd4n j but in

.uch wise, that, iD the bealowiog of eSlstel,ce OIl.lOlllO

crealed hetngs, He ..,cd AO iDstrumellt or med um, and

there He operatt5 immediattly; wbile ill other.s He ma:le

ose of an in'itrument 8Dd a medium. Hut the use er 1111

itastnllllent 'or medio", ~I.rough differeat degrees dOe» Ugl

"proceed frol1l 8"1 defect or iu.capadfy ill making or

cr~atill' OD the-part of Yczdlll'"; but arilfel IOlety from

the nat.ra of aome ,created thinga which have noC

the capaoi&! of receiriDg cEisteDce escept throt1gh a

mediWD j "bile owen J,u"e I1Jt tile l)O'\"~ Qf :lI$D'UiDc

,

"

.

..

•

lis

• !:rU E BOOK OF !utE'i'

etistenee bat through ieveral media; and _nj 1: ••

hot tbe capacity of recei~ing creatioD except tbrougli

many media: jll~t as the bat, in order to recei\·c tbf

ligb~ of the excellent sun, requires the intervention of

tbe light of the venerable Diooo: and this dties noe

arise from the suli'li not having the power of showering

down iIluminatidn & ligfa, but from tl.Ji~, tbaUhebat ba.

not the power and capaCity t1f enduring the powerfld

light of the resplendent sun without lome medium.

t enquirtd orthe Highest Angel, and Greatest Cherab

and the General of the Angels, \-Vh, did Yezdaa eotrust

all things to your Majesty; and in like manner

through your Majesty to others; and iii like manner

through these to others again? He answerrd, '0 Fifth

ofthe Sasins! It does not become the nnk ofMajaty

and the grandeur t)( Sovereignly lhat the MOII.rc~ ill

person should manllge business directly, Ilnd enter int.

tritling details. Jt is fitting lbat be should chute 'Oue

of his lervants "ho is adorned witb eXlraordinarr

skill and eminent SAglCify, and in pOllel!Sion ofhiik

talent., and entruat him with the aff!li .. of 1O.,er.ei,Dtf

and tbe exercise. of beneficence toward. tile IUbj_.

that he may manage affair. accordipg fA> the instroc·

tiogs of the king; that he luperinten(I.U 'COneeru of

importance, and cODSign the rest to be man .....,

Deputies, ailotting lo each hi. re.pecfiye departmat s

and that tbese Deputies should, for the better dilpardl

of buaiaess, appoint other areOla, till all tb~ bu&iuell

sball be di,poled of and termill.~ KCordiD, to • .r

willh Rnd orders of the King. Now all thi. nPP7 d~·

poaal and arrangement prOCMd, &am the ki&w b1 ~c

'and. of hil agen.. and olicea, whether fItFecttd

'tlitbo,,, any medium dr by mana of a .. edililD. 1'bil

• . bcinl

-=-

L '-~" .)-,.

..

_

;• •_ •

.•

n .

•• a. __

- - .. ~~

. ~.- ,.,.." ....... ..:-..!-~ ~ ."..._--..... ? t

. r •. _ _ ..-._ .~. _.s,

..",..- . ---....

~eing

,

•

THB PROPHET ZtRTUSHT. 1"

understood, know ' farther, thot YezdAn. is cere

tainly of eltceed:ng might, Ilnd of independent grandeur,

and power and klory: and that of the exislences

'Which are -aependellt and creat .. d, and wliich reqnire

.lOmething wi~~t tbeDl~e1v~ for 'beir.being a·nll per~

f1'C1ioD, there are mallY degreell, diftering botb as to

multitude and fewness, guodneliS & badness: that there.

fore il is not beclImiug that the Necessarily. Existent

11,ould conce .... I. i IUself penorllllly ,,·i. h all these degrees &

k ii ht!Uer that he "lIould create one Being of the higheSt

~lcenenceJ and deliver o,ver to him: t~e key. ~f the

¥ tgazines of his Soverp.igritJ ; and lhat in like m8nlle~

tllis Being ~hould appoint agenls d:rectly or remotely

10r l:,o:,e de r .... 8 on degret's that ha\'e been mentioned:

•• ml· tlla. Vlese llll-t should act in the lame manner. AI

fpr e;\:II\JJ>It', tile cel"atinJ angels, and the sta-:s that be.

long to the superior world, 'the· terrestrial angels, :lnd

materi,.t nalures, Ipinernllorms, and the Joul and energy

()f vflgel.lule-, and of animals, and ormen, lh.at are all ot

the lower world, hnve ellch an overseer. appoint"d and

suardians for maintaining U.e renl soverf'ignty, in order

that all IDRy be conducle,J agreeably to 'God, and be

obedient unto HilD. No" nil this is arranged by the

. Self. ·Existent in the best possible manner; BJ.d since

the substance is better thun the accident that is depen4ent

·on· it; Rnd as independent. lublltanccs having

110 place and no concern with material enences, are

snore excellent and bet ter than silch essences &Ii are

Tn ~ nOOl\: OF SUtT

r

71, Ag3in he will en'luire, Why is t~e

1ire hr-Jow the firrn a ment ~ and the air b •

1u",," the fire, anJ (he wat{r below .,tbe air,

211d the e:.lrth' ut I \.\" the w~tt-'r ?

j:J. ~av .. thOll, The heu\' n c\'el" revolvetb

and irs rl v )j.Jt ions produce heat;

'; 3. fIcnce the fir is pIa ed below the

1irmament ; beCJ use j r" a 111 th ing but fire

'were tht'r(", it would U~ consumed by [he

heat resulting from the rc\'uluti J OS uf the

ilrlTh1ment.

74 , Next com rth :lir which is a thin,

yielding body; fur, were it t b ick and unyielding,

anlmals could not b reathe, nor

move backward arw forward in j~ •

., 5. The water he Cl'eateJ nex t and p1ac-

I

ed it on a level \~, ilh lhe e3rlh; :,ince were

1he earth full of water. nut only below but

above, ::IS it is of air! n n i mals would be unable

to breathe' a nd eating, and ~leep ing

and sitting could have no existence.

CO~IM;ENTA JlY, ~ i nc' aU W O I IJ U dro\\'m'd,

jO. He in the las t place produced the

earth and sta bl i ~ hed it, and be5towcd a par.

[icubl" constitution on c\'ery ~I.nim:ll and

vegetab1e, and mineral, and tlssigned to

«acb an office.

7i.

.

\

Tn! PROPIlET ZIIlTUSHT 131

17. Tn 'the name of ~rezd:n.

78. He wiU next ask the history of the

lubm bsiun of the Animals to Gilshadeng*

and of t11eir con' ersation \\ ith men. Then

ia,· . unto him;

jO. ~It'zdam sf1ccted Gilsh:adeng & made

the animals subjt·ct unto Lim;

80. So th3t that prince divided the'm all

into seven classes;

81. First, (~razing A nimals, and he gave

fhe sovereignty of them tu the horse called

fFerjeng.

82~ -Secondly, Ravenous Animals, ana the

sovereignty over them he b(!&tuwed on the

lion called the Bold.

83. Thirdly, Birds, a'nd he ga,·e the rule

over this class to the ZJdrus ( ;:'emurgJa

Pus.) called the Sag~.

84. Fourthly, Birds of prey, and. the rale .

over this class he gave tu the Eagle, stiled

the ~Jighty. ,

85. Fifthly, 'Vater Animals, and the

comm"and over, them he entr~sted to the

crocodile denominated the Powerful.

• G ,l.hab, Per,.

f Tbe P .. r.i." h .. nakbsh, • "bite aDd red, b:ack nr

wbiu', or, in ,tllCul, III)' hll"c.

80.

•

, .

1St

THE BOOK OF SUET

8n. Sixthly, Crawling Animals, and the

cbiefship of them he bestowed on the dragon

named the Strong.

- 81. Seventhly, Insects, and theaathoritr

over them he conferrt:d on the bee, caUed

the Swed.

88. From these seven kings who wero

suhject to Gilshadeng, seven Sages haling

come to the king of ki ngs, solicited redreu

from the tyranny of :Mankind.

sg. First of all, the wise camel said, 0

prophet of ~Iezdam! In what consists the

superiority of mankind over us, to entitle

them, in this manner, to exercise tyranny.

over us?

go. Let them speak that we may hear;

and let them hear what we have to saVe

~

01. A Sage, Huresteh* by name, lift UP.

his voice; There are many proofs of man'.

superiority over them; one of these il

Speech, a faculty which they ~o not POIsessa

g2. The camel answered, As for speecb,

if the object of speech be to make the hearA

er understand, animals too possess speech •

• Kh

A

'rHE. fROPHST ZIUTVSHT.

l33

gao And a~ acc:ount of the speech of ani"

mals is contained in the Book of Gtlishnar

aDd .Sii.mor. Enqllire, fot they too under

.tand it.

04. Buristeh' laid, The speeclJ. of ma'n is

plain and intelligible, and what cameb

.peak is hidde n.

05. The c~me! replied, Animal. t09 pos

RSS an intelligible tongue: because thou

Gost not under~tand it, dost tbou imagine

that it is up intelligible ?

gO. Ignorant. that th()u art! Thy de:fici-'

ency ari&eth from that'very circumstance

.hieh thou deemest thy e.xcelleoce.

07. Thou sayest that the speech of ani·

mal. is unintelligible, and that the excel~

Jeoce of man's is that it is intelljgib~e;

whereas the hearer receiveth the same benefi,t

from beth; and botb potiSess tbe i~~e

quality:

g8. Now if anyone speak even much i~'

an unintelligible tongue, be is not understood,

while he is comprehended ifhe speak

in an intelligible one.

go. And as there is no necessit-y for Olon

to speak the language of aniQlaJs; so there

• Gd.luh and S lmtk.

,

I "

134 THE BOOK OF SHE'r

is no necessity for animals to talk the lal1-

guage of men.

100. And seeat thou not hoW' the speech

of the i~baQitant of the West giveth a soond

~~t to be understood by the inhabitant of

the East; and in like manner that of the

nati ve of t~ l;ast to the native of the 'V eat 1

101. One who doth not understand the

speech- of: another is not therefore ju&tifieci

in calling it an unintellig~ble language.

,02. Hurjs~eh said, You have been or·

dained for our service.

103. The camel answered, And you also \

have been ordained to bring us water-, and

grain, and grass.

. 10.j~ Huristeh said nothing in answer.

COH~BNT4RY.

His articulatiogtonguc WIlCOO&

within his lips flOm neces~ily.

J05. Then the sage ant- came forwar4

and said 'unto Gilshadeng. 0 prophet of

Mezdam! King of aoifi1.als and Qf mankind!

I wish to be informed wherein consi~tetb the

lurp~~8ing e~cellenc~ of man 3hove anim~ls.

• P~BSI.IN lioTS. T"ttrwD!I of the B« SIz./< .• (l~

SWt,I). -

100. A sage, Sbasar ~1 nime, l1as~i-1J a",·

Iwercd,

,

a

"HE PROPHET ZIRTUSHT. ~

Iw«ed, One proof of the decided IUperiority

of man over them i. the es.cclleooe

of bis sbape and his qpright deportment.

107. The wise. 'ant replied. The intelligent

do Dot pride tbemseives OD abape. and

yet we are all on a level in r~gardto the

combinations of the members of our body ..

. 108. And evt'o you, when you would

praise. any beautiful Person -describe her a.

being I~ag ... eye~. as baving the g~it of fl partridge,

Qr a peacock's wai~t; whence it may

be understood that the sup~riority is our$. '.

COIf ...8NT.aT. For wbe41 men wish to prai.e, they

compare a thing with lomething that i. or'. higher

lind and lIuperior (0 it, marking lome lIilOilitude be.

tween it and th~ form and figure of tbat more elevated

a.lurt:.

When mankind therefore compare fhem~eh •

.nth animal., it is evident that ~ J1uut be bec~usa ani ..

.-all .re betJer tban t!ley •.

log. To this Shasar returned no answer.

110.· Next the ~nowing fo~,· taking u·p

the sj>eech said, W~at superiority in art.

doth man possess l

11 I. The wise JewAnshtr answered. The

lupt"riority of m~in cUlJsisteth in the good

drc~8, and agreeable food and driuk which

tht"y formerly had, and at the present time.

ip their cov(.dng tLeir ubicene parts.

COM-

•

186 THE BOOK OF SilEr

Co • ., lilT '&11.1". II is to be remark.d that 'orrtUJrl.l

iJ used IJere because in the time of the venerable Gil •

• bab, mankind did not use good clothing Qr food, anG

the term formerly refen LO the time of Shet Y 454n4.

JAm,· and t.he time prior to that; while the time "A

"ard. from t.hat i. denominated tlae proal 'ime, whida

includes the period when the natural parts were.covered:

for Gilabah and Jais djsciples, of the leaves of

treel and the skins of dead animals and of ravenous

beasts made a covering (or the obscent. p.118; and in

his time, there wu no other conring but tbete.

112. The wise fox said, In former timet

your clothes were of woo), 'and hair, and

akins of anill)als, and still are so.

113. And your sweetest food is from the

vomit of the bee;

114. And' animals do not require lOY co

'\'ering for their natural parts; for aU that I'Cquireth

to be covered, is covered natura!ly ;

. 115. And, if it be not, Mezdam hath Dot

directed them.

COMMENTARY. 'ro cover them.

1 JO. Jewanshir replied, It ill becometh

you to join in this controversy. YOI1 who

cruelly tear each other to pieces.

• Gil,b.b WII the Ion or YA.alllj&m in whote lillie m ... •

killd f~ll 11110 wl('ktdn~ .. alld d.aorder. Gillhab III a"ule.

lUt'Il'ur~ rt'r .. tmtd lh~it .ilU .. :'u". bv' .'iII lbt:J were DI.C~

Ju. cmlilld tb.o Lbt')' had lac .. in Lbe prcccdull lleo ..

117·

•

,"!

1 t ; . The fo x rejoi ned~

1hi. practice' from )·00)

TiJrnis.

we t.ve learnt

. "

fOf Jilmia alew

" Co IUUH!oAtV. It l1Iuit be JmowWl tI.at~ GibIaall'

lIad in hll farnity t "0 sons named Jillllts and Tilm",

, ,ud hro daupferl 'Aldmlr aad Hakitolr. To, Tilmt;,

lie gave to wife Akimir wb'o wa' of ... elegaht lor.."

bc'1ides be., pod &lid .-reeab1e; and Hakittu\ .whO

'WU Dot '0 be8utif1lt, he married te Ji18lu. .. ill~b ....

instigated bylovp, ILnd passion inflamed by~ovy, ~o .1.~

Tilmia hi. brother,' by d~inl a huce .tone 00 bil head

while be wu Bileep, wbence, by the cune of Giflhah

.and his own misdeed a, he.a cut into -hell. la anus~

to tbis, the 'r.x gil's' Jewiasb. to andenWld' .Cons· .

li!il it ,,_, rEOIB _0-

'fullYi aDd by way ot!"f'~.eh,

lind that animals learlled murder, and rice, aud, ,abjection

to lust, and indalgtnce jn ao,er.

118. l\Ioreover, ravenous ~nimals Ii\'e on

'fie~b ; but wh1 do ye fall out witb dlC~ 0-

~u?

COMMENTARY. lie a,.l, betdtl or prey 'J'laflmdy

feed on· flesh, anet hmce, they defile tlte deatb of .rd.

mal.; bUl since men do not nrcellarily live . GD leab,

"by do ttrey kill enli each other?

I HJ. And whereas you became evil-doers,

the Hirtasp,. ~tiring far from you,

dwelt with us in hill and waste;

'

.......

",

,.

l

1

• Thi •• to'1 .. r Jifml. Jnd Tilmt. b",. • .. ro ..,

trlflll.

t h'.nee t. Cai .. Ind Abel io lI'uiplUrr, II wdl •• '0 HI'o tland

Eilbl1 ia the Kl)rl.~

i

,

J20.

•

. .-

~38 TI}E BOOK OF SHE'!

J 20. And we are his servants.

] 2' .. Jewanshir ret~rned no answer ..

122. Next the sagacious spider ~om\n,

fc;uVlrard s;&id, 'Vherein consisteth the .up~..

rior excel1ence of man ~ Tell us that-we may

~now it.

123.. The sage, Simras,h by mime, said,

l.fe·o undersland talismans, and charms. and

. " .....

magic arts, and such li~e, wp,ile,aoimaJs, q9

Dot.

] ~4 The spider answered, A nimals exceed

men in tl~eser~spec~s; know~st thou

not that crawling things an

,

I ' •

TilE P."'HET ZIRTUSltT 1_

'~

,.

"

.id, What preof i. there, 01 tb'tuperi

Grit1 of man 1

J 10.' The .age. lIamed Shali.h·herta Aid,

Xings and nlinistel'l, and senerall, Ind·

physician., and ettronome... a~()rcl proof."

~ 'man'. lapenority.

131~ The tort,oise .aid~ A,.il!Ntl, too pal ....

.... the clalses that· you have mentioned.

J 32. Observe the ~overeignty of the bee .

and

\..

of the ant , in th~ll' kind:

J 33. Ancl attend ~o the vliiersbip of tb,

fox;

134. And recollect ~be generals~ip 'o.( the

elephant; . --.

136. And le~rC\ medicine froD.l the dog.

"Yho heale~~ ...",ouRd.s~ bylickinl the~ witb

hi. tongu~;

J ~5~ ~n~ th,e cock \~ ~n ~~trQ.no.me~~

~ho knoweth r~ht well '~e time of the

d~1 an~ ~ight. .

J 3l. O~ bea.ring tbese

140 Tf! E BOOK OF SHIT·

•

said, M3:UincJ possess tlJe fa~u1ty afjqdg~

ruent and discrimination.

140. The sage -peacock a~swer.ed, If.dorlng

the darkness of a single night,.a bUlldrrd:

sheep have young, each kf)owetb its O':VQ

lamb; and in like manner each l~f?

knoweth ( its mother).

COXIfBNTARl". And turns to its mgtlu:q and tIaiI)

kind of instinct mankind do not possess.

141. The wise Vizlur said, ~'Ien are brave:,

.142. The Salge peacock answere4, They

are Dot bolder than tbe lion.

COMMENTARY. for when warrio~. w01lld praiJe

themselves, they compare themselves to the ,lion •.

143. Vizlur had nothing t.~ reply. .

144. Next the wise Huma advancing

said, ""here is' the Sage who will atfurd

me a proof of tn~n's superiority?

145. The sage named l\Iezdam-hertaiendeb,

answered, One Auperiority of man CODsisteth

in knowledge, as by means of it he

ascendeth from a Jow to an exalted station.

146. The wise Hllrnl said, If you prid~

yourselves on this, animals too possess it;

since by it they distinguish the flower from

the thorn.

.

147. The sage Mczdam·hlrtaiendch reo

plied,

. .

, ..

THE- P.aOPHET -mR~RT. . ~

~a, K00VHdge hal a, fOQt . Mod 'bra.IJQb.

Iou ·baye.·got the b~nchel;., but ,tile rQQt of

kawvledge "Q9n8i§t~tb in the aayi.oga of th«P

prophets, which. belong to man ;~lone.. " ~ ;

,';.J"i~, The '~ise.,Huma said, ,This benc;tit

We"too" posse.., and each tri~ bath different

e'fstoms; ,

, 1.10 'And' .in' 1ike manner as am10rig Y0d:

• 1 I ... .

prQph~t~ reveal t~ir :prophecies, amoo,g as

there are counsellors, one 'of whom is,tlle

beL" ".f '

I - rlO~ TJle sage. Mezdam-bertaiendeh sai.d,

. The heart of «maR attaineth self possegsiori,

and eWecteth an: union 'With the.soul,> and- by

means of knowledge is elevated to the ·glo-.

rio us nature of" the angels. . . ". " '

'.. , '., I I. . ... , .,

l,5,1. T~, w!se Burna an$;w~~~~,.,We anh

m:.ls.like.wise. become tame. . . "

:f:~

1 S 2. The sage M ezdaI1l-herfaiendeh 'replied;

Yes, It is true. Yet you, perreeti~r\'consisteth

in attaining . op.1y a'single one

.

of'the qualities of m'an;' while inan~ s perfection

consisteth in attaining the' nature of'

tiisem bodied spirits. ~. _

C~.ME~T~RY. Tha~ isof InteUigeD~.:ad SonJs~

li!f. The wise:Huma "ii,f;J1'rue, lef to"

.'

spiW .

l

'73 ,.

THE BOOK OF IH IT

tlpite br thlt. in his. putting to deat of Ini"

~hlals and in 'si.mi tar acts. he resemb1etb the

beasts of pre~1 and not the angels; for 'they

are not guilty of such deeds. ..

·COMltENTAftV. lie IIpeaks of tlie51ayin .. and'!u()...

jectfng ofauill1al ,.1Iod lh giving- of pain. aDd trOllbl!'

anim.al , ofwhioh III '0 have made ~ tra~e; tho gh \Ie

is not lhe condu t (If angel, but t-he I!r-acLice:lnd l'Iatllte

of V8,re beabt~. M'II, therefor api)ro imale lo' tbc

el!ss of r~ vcnqu! Ilnlllul rather lhim ot ange)., whll!e\'-;

cIaimuh;ey ma, 3ssertto lhat high disLin ·l'on. -"

154. The sage ~lezdam-hertaiendeh said,

I,t is right to kill ravenous animals, jo.!t as

it is to open a sick man's vc:ins.

COMMENTARY. For the .wllole world's OlIe badr,

8.~~ the killing of I .n aninlalilke that' queWoIl, i.

I.ike dimini bing the bl ood in 1.he body.; ADd as di ~~t'S

would prevail jf this brood we're left, in ,he bady, •.o if

the blood 'of r:a.venoul be.a ts were not 'Shed, thti ~- auld

afB!cf ma.ny animals, all of wbich are part 0 " . "Iig&

animal i and' hence. \l i~ I udable t~ _bed their hlOGd,

for dIe cOIqfort of th'is body. .

J 55. The prophet of the world then

said. We deem it SiDflll to kill harmless ant,..

O'. .. 1.

mals, and. no Il1an ~atll Jl\tbority to co~m i t

this wicked a·cf. ... ,-

-' -

156. Were all rave nous aoirnats to enter

J ~ .... , : .......

into a comp ' (not to' .kil . rmless' nima1s.

,J I • l .. - . •• • • ... w- .. • ~

'f

to .

"

Iii

.~ would abSt:iib"f}Qm ·slaYint :th~; and

bIola tbeni dear ;a~ ourselves ..··, ~ ,; '.;'" ,:: , ...

.. :- "1 .... , 1"':- .. a, ,., .• . •

~,~~;?-.. Upon lhi..s. t.he .w~l(.!DilCle a ~~!

withtbenam,ao.d,tbt lion became ta.oflicnd

ef me stag; J

. '. 158. And, DC)' ty"raflny 'waa t~ft In the

• • '~ . '.. • 1 • f. f'" ' •••••

wo.rld.... . : ." . ". . '. .. ;.

~':' '6g~' Till Dc:sh~bire&··: br.·.tb~ treaty.

• Gott.tll1T:&·lt~. 'And1begm to lill·aniroah.

t

144 ". THE BOOK OF .&BET

.beYVlfl!l6'- .. n UserupJed, Zert\lsht"~ from hia pia.

cfW orship ; and Bias, "also h~yinr joined the _._1.1"

laid tt) the p~ophe~ of YezdAil; 0 Zertusht" the i~bl~

bitmtl of tile worl.t, mOVl"d by"the answen antt'tx

Pounding of Secrets gi yen to Chengereapdaeh,".,. de.

sirous to adQpt thy religion. I have beard, moreOf"~,

of many of thy miracles. "l"~m,a Hindi man, aud, in

I Jtave ia

my own country, of unequalled kno\\l.-dge.

IDy mind aeveral.secrets, which I have neyer entruited

10. wiy \ longue, because" some say that th~ AbenDIIIJ

( dev;) 'I ). m;ght" give infom~atic~m" "of them I to the ido- •

lat.ors . of the Aherroan faith: 80 no ear hath heard t1uD,

~ .... . .

exc~pt that "of my heart.' If, in the prebence of this

asse"mbly, you teU" me, one after anolller, .. hat those

lecrets are that remain all my mintl, I will be coDnrtallo

your faitb. "S~ Zertusht laitl~ 0 Bib, "YNdsn

communicafed to me yo.ur sec::fC13,:"~f()~ your arrival.

He then lDe~ti"on~d the whole in dCljlil froll~ beginning

to ~nd. " W ii'eli" Bias" IJeard, and "asked ~be meaning of

tbe wori/s, "and bad them explained-" to him, he return~d

thank; to.y ezu[J, a"nd united himself to the Beh.

din, after which he lcturIEd bac~ to Hind.

- 4 ]'03:" in the nam~ of'Mezdim!. 0 ZiriU\ht!

my prophet! After thee shall Simkendesht

appear, and afterwards the First

S~san. the prophet, shall come and make

.1 '.

t.~y B,!ok kBo~n by a trapslatiotJ.

. .

.. Since th.,. were .poken -in Il" 'Per.iao 11"lu'le wLi~

lit did not IIndmlan~, ." "

: + Stkander; ~ - ""

•

.

.,.

.'

•

" ..

THE' PROPHET ZIRTUSHT.',

. ..

lit

,.. - - ... .... . . - ,.. -.....

• .• \ . r"" -'

104. -And' DC;' one . but\h~ 'shall bow the

meaning of my wordl •.

CO •••• TA.y.

0.

Hence it WII that Shet Sum ..a.

aD inHrprel __ ~ W ,;, ... zirtuh& ~

bl1 Co ill ....... .... ~

. ' ..

,..

...'. I.

...

,

.. ~ • t ..

..... .I ' ..

" .

. ',1

, . •

' .

"

. r

-'" - ~

.. . ; ~ . ....

.~~

~

.

I ( . -.

"'4' •

. , , .

...

~

... J' : .-..

-

-'T]

i .. ~

,

.. .,

'I

. . •

l._

,.. ~

i. . ,

....

I

.. .

~, ~.-... - .

, .

"'~•.",:

,. ..

-, ,~. or ·~STRUcrlO_

1" ••

. ....... -

,

!

~

I

1. LET us take refuge with MezdAm

from evil thought. which mislead and dis·

tress UI.

2. In the name o{Shamta, the Bouati{llf,

the Beneficent, the Kind, the JUEt!

COJUIBNTAJll'. 'fbis i. the Book of Advice for Sokander

wbich Yezdln 54!nt down at the desire of hil

prophet Zertusbt, .. h .. been already reIn ted.

3. In the name of Mezdam, the Giver of

,Wisdom!

.... 0 Simkendesh son of *NishAH Me:,

clAm hath exalted thee to royalty and empire.

Do thou, of thy exalted wisdom, 00·

~ow splendor on the religion of the Great

Abad, who is the greatest of prophets.

5. An~ because the affairs of the, tHirasis

w~nt, in many respects, ill, I carried thee

away into iNas6d ..

• Sf Innder .on .t Dlrlb. Perf.

1lr'ni' P,.".

, til .... "".

. ~~"""'Y .. :~J.&JaIa~ "'~I.""'~"" W'~.

fro .. tbe kiDg.~ J~n..:

,,~ .• &he I~;' beoame 6fil-·

doen" t removed' thee . away riOID th.t .. tee: for lhlir

pmils'menl . .'. . .. ., :.:. '. '.: - "

. 4J. Place riot a stra'~gef~ver1Hirb for.i~

'""1huse'!' .: ." " .

1. If thy army infiict any. ~~lttg 0'$

tile gooa··~,e-of'lHir4s;·· ma~e" atonem~nt

. and satisfy them: (" eJ~ tliatl"f a'sk an -aCJ'

. II·· -

Cf;at1t.ar·~~1 -f • ~i'l -'1" i • • .. -

8. In the na~~'Afdtn' the 'Oiver of

'Visdom!

g. Mezdlm shewed kindness unto man;

in that he created him of tbe second rank of

angels. ,

Colnl £.1".A BY. The angels of the seeond raak aN

lIOuls~ while the angels of tile first rank are Inll'lIigences ..

10. And deputed along with him an An'- '

gel of the first claSl, Intelligenoe by name.

II. And bestowed on him§ instruments

of the lower world, together with certain

of the inferior angels;

) 2. Of which angels one is in the 1iver,

",od is called Temperamen,t: another Life,

•

t Iran. Pen.

§ i. c. ScD'CI Ind corporeal r.cultit ••

,

antI

•

. .

148 INSTRUCTIONS 1tC;

,

and his abode is in the heart; and aDoth~ it

. .

Soul, who dwelletb in the btain.

~ 13. And he besto~ed servants 0'0 them.

- 14'. Now life is affected, by two evils,

Lust and A·nger.

proper mean.

Restrain them within the

15. 'fill Man. can attain thitRlf-controul~

he cannot become a celestial.

10. And soon a prophet will come, vir~

tuous and w~, sas~ br aame.

..... " ,

TIlE BOOK. ' .

••

slM'1* JASAN TBE FIRn.

•

-.

:I'. LET us' ~e ~ap with M';'.

"(rom e~il ia.aginatioDs wbich dltslead and

dlidQlf

.. I. the .me' of SbelDti, t1Ia Boatifbi,

tile Beneficent, the Jrferclflll, tlte J_i .

I. :Let us .lk".lIiItance·frolD Mezdlm.

the aelf-&istent, .the UncompouDded, the

~ of flualitjesJ

eo. •• nlaT. Id a triac., I beheld aat .....

ftIjaected aDdestor -who a.lI, 'or the heb. ~

tiaa of ttae Book whieta YtIcIIa .......... _; ..

. tIRMa male Ole or lOme ImB.tit WOlds, .. ~

tIIq ma, be lum 81 Gecur ift the tIuIIati_ .f ... ...

.peeled Delittr. I ha.e therefore illII' ... , ...... .

ttao1Jatiaa, 'nc' Hlultntiem. ad prWt .. '11 .. ..

t. CODt'aIrma1a1e ttt n .. OD. 011 dtat acceIBd we .... ...

.. pn.iOat ... ~ .... Itiali the- AI .. J_ .... rille

.• ~; "lD11ndorfJff_~""p"", .

.... .... tof bIrw1atre, .... ear, .. .... 1 ..... •

mimi, t '-6e opoMti_· ef tile 'Wende _ ........ .

··"..totMt ...... a.,.

of. The Hec:esarily-esittent iathc Creator

~ of the conditioDa1t,-esistcnt.

• ... ou .....,11 .. " .........

t B&.rnall"klt'rncf.

...

I ,

- ,

. ....-....

• . J-'O THE BOOK OF

COJUrENT 4 aT. The explanation it Ulis, Whatever

iI conceivable: is either neceSlariJy.exlslent, or collditi·

Gnally uiltent, or necessarily non-esi!ltent. For if •

regard Qnly the na~ure of things, abstracl)y •• IIDdoQb ~edll

whatever does not possess the possibiLlf of non.C).

iatencc is necessalily-exilltent; and what laas IaOl Ilbe

capacity of existence, is necessarily non-existent, as fOf

~xample, ~he union of two opposites; wbile, what eqjoy.

the c.paciry of either, is conditionally-ex'slent.

Now th~ conditional eaistence (or exi~ting in pos ibi.

lity), which they cal) Naw,rferl4,/" of nece&lil, re·

quires- lome Giver of Being, who is &.lenomiuattd ll\e

Creator oftbe supposed possible thing. .For, ifit pos;.

sessed an equal tend'eflcy to cxisle~lce and f~ DOIl·et·

.i51enct, "itbout Dny difference whatever, it is pI.lln" ~(

a lingle glance, and without any necessity for reuooin J

that ... th.t case it must require 50~e power to g1 e it

uiltenee, and this power is it. Malt,er: And 0 0 l~e

otber.hand supposing that this tendel1c,r wer~ Dot eq u~l,

.till it j!anQot poqe ..' necessary exist,:nce or "hal ~

called Girwer j Cpr, if it did, then it could not be COl1-

tingellt (a"wlls .upp~ed). And ag.in IUppoting tbat i~J

tendency were i~ronger to existence t".~ to neo·t··

illenee, but. uill without reaching the dt,ree of Dfeeli,·

ury-existence; in that c~e, tbill~pe'iQl' tendenc1 CII\

Dot co-~ist with conting~nt being; (Qr if t~is pcailiililY

of existence Jf3ined to thi~ luperior teq~enc'y, itu u,""

posed propel'Y t did not inclill~ to non -e~ilt"'Dce, it mOit

be necessarily-exit-tent, an~ not cOlltipg¢nt_. If OIl d I:

~ther hand it pDlseSi~~ a fuperiar tendency.o non-existence,

this tendcqcy,\ though imperfect, ~lJst of ne·

cessity prevail, white the inferior tendent)' towanlj

existence wOl.IJ btof np avaij i.A .." uu.amQmept' It

lIec ljoll,

,

SBET SASAN TIlE 'IRST.

1St

laction, without tI¥ beces.411'of any argametat, e-videntl,

ahe". cannot be the else, and.is impol'ible. Hence it

i. pl1li* tbat what is poJatial or contingent, in eyer,

awe reqniref a maker.and former, w1_0, until he h.aa

bRiog. cannot -=onfier being' on auy thiog elle. .',

;. 'f-his iritrodnctory proof being eltablilbed, it ma,

• Dext'be ..emariEed, that no nRlbner of doubt or uncertainty

.risel t regardil'g tbe ea:i5terice o( c:ontingtllt exiltencea;

,,"ch ftl eventi and compound 511bitanca. A.nd u to •

:those contingent ex.istence~· which baYe for tlleir maker

'. necessarily. existent belllg, there is in like'maaner no

dilicult)'. But III to those of which the'maker if Coatintcenl1yexillent,

6e too mUlt have a maker; wlio Ukewile,

"f( he' be not neceaaari11-e.i.lent, OlU,' havea MaRr. Tire

'chain of Cftation tberefnre either reaches ,to tbe neceq ..

~ily- &~nt, which it .bat J wish to estahliah, at we

malt tea.nn in a: cirde. A nd we reason in a circJe wbeb

-We make two coutingent "existences themabn:ofeach

'~t"er, which is impossible;' Ifting .tbat tIle'mak.lIl1Ut·

lIndOQbtedly ellitt pft.ioll.t, to tbe tbing made; AIM!

lienee, if two eo~tingent existenaes rec:iprocally made

eacb other, it would inevitably follow thot both ma.t b~

prior 10 each other re'pectively, and that each ranked

before the other; whicl. the .lighe.t exercise of tbe 88-

dent.oding abews to be. a maDiht impcaibility.

An~

ifit be ,uPPOSed u.t the chain' of contingent exiatenca

. u "uDilmitid, each cOlltingent ~ing haviag a mak'er,

and it ~ain I maker, withoot end, tbil is impolliblo:

for then it woald follow, .. an inevitable conaequence,

that a namber which is the el'enl of tbe cbain, .houJd

be at once even and odd; wbile at the lame· time it i.

Ilece.arl that t~ nlllDbc~ ill quatioD aboWd .i once

THE BOOK OF

a.e i1IIctptible of being halveci, Mad _t .....,IJeUtj

ca.

'.lvei1, which canncrt be.

'

The tl:pOSitioD I. IS fedlon. If die .......

tXtstt in the .ay that bat been ... "ti4Wned, iI it ~

.. ry that tb. continlt!m eKUtent:e, which iI die bqiao

.m, of tbat cham, uaad in the fini dqree, au4 ill

.aker in th. eeeond d.ree J and in tlIi. -., eftIJ

eDe of the unie. of tbe chaia will have ita 'lled ... ;

.. far example the third, and fCJlarth; aad .... 01.

6_ unit' of ~e chain are in tbe cia. or..,. ChI

.r.~ tllird, fifth, aM IeveDth t anel .... ia tile ....

., 'eftlll, at the HCQa4, fourth, tisth .. d eip. :. .

it eaaDot 'appell that two units .f tbe eftDI. &We

1IIiita of the odd' t be tide by aide .r .... ...,,; fir

e.,., odd it iDeYitably I.ceed,tl bl au em., ... ...,

eYflIl by ail odd; • tbe Inc by tile teCGDd, ad tile

~." die f.artll. I. pre~ &beRf ........

• - ena, .......... 1M: .. ocId, ad tile c. ...

~'1Ie nuiaber orahe vaiU ef the ~ will; til ........ ..

.qual to 'the RUdtber of&hetmiCaof4ilf ........ ,....,

th'e "amber of tbe •• U, of dae iMIdI tHAI," tb. JaIf tl

tbe total of the chai". The IUlmIIsr .r th. UDiU fII.

the eh.~ mast, daerd"cn, be CYeIt) .. .,. it ... a paftcI

IIIIf.

Afttr ibil esp1a!lltiGB 'let UI ...... tllatit ~ ....

•• rily uneftn, ,iOO8 wbtia eac _t ,, __ ,... die

. :chain, it is aborter 'b1 one tIIea Ule Int.... BIt

thi.'IBO being compioled_ ."--uBi .. «dae ......

,ht un'ift 'of the 'odds mast be e*8,; ~AM thiI ell

~IDg enR, it folio ... drat the fiNt ft!IiD ..., &». ....;

'~i.tlb*'ltl''''1f cannot be c ___ ro-4be·W-of· ,he....

~bbin'j .nd~ '8t 1be __ ttaM .........,., _. 'fit

were it leu, it would be'len bl oue, whpce it .. lei

aecenarily

• I

...

• aET WAN T!l~ FIIST.· 16'

.;

, neCtsWi11 ,(oUow that the second cbaiD ~ be twet

Qn~ts

Ie. iball the fint, wbereu 001" one 1IDit n'

, Omitted: ~n'cl ben~ tbe first chain wOmld at ~ be

. IiYen aDd odd, as, at tbe, iame time, hi"in, ~ ~t

lIavine a perfect balf. ~bil impOaibilit1 unavoidablY

. iccompanies tb~ ,'opposition of -,be unlimited leap "Of

tie chain. Hence it is De~.ry lhat it term4Date at,.

mAlu~r, who iball hiin..lr have no mak~r t aDd' Jk i. the

1'leceuarilyo Ellistent, wbU:h 11 wu rdl object .~ prow.

I Again SNowakMhur,' in ~be J.w~ill Kh~rid ~.,.;

Suppose ,.he chain to be unlimitEd, if,from the ~Pl·

.. bing of thit chain we take, for eza~ple; ltD u.u., '

. .. . .

tben t.be one chain woulll be left shorter than the.".

".tber by len: and i( we COlD pare and' .ppi, ~is clutiQ

f6 the other, so'that tbe first' huk of tbe oue cbam

J .holild Ite "l?l'Jied to .be 6nt link of the ~lber, .d ,~.

~ .fcond 'to Ithe second,. illid so forth, h ~nnot be cCU,l

. ceived tllat 'the~e 5l1ould alwnys be fOUQd a link of tlte

: first cbaiai correspoll4ing '0 oac of the seCOI~ ;, el~ it

. ""'oula nece5Sllrily fi,lIow 1hat the ah:lia, wbi~~, ••

whole *onld be equal '0 the cbain that was ~ot ~bolet

whidt ,h•• ~i!bteat Rileclioll .flews t() be impOssible,

'the I.e.... chain therefore myt(., ·'enninG.. tomeRlllere.

and the esc.,. of lbe Jon~er c:h.ia must in like "ARtier

react. a ... inat~on; Wlll\:h ( ... 4"~ ,iWJI 'nolhrdi)

would be .. blurd.

. .

And Carther the te.c:l,r or tbe prophett liY' it 'do~n

in the Jawedao Xhirid, lbal aU a .. d e.ery contin

.uleziateocc, which .... r._i,8. beihl, without exceptiDJ

oue .si"lc ~ntiDrlll Uialt'&SCr; ·does rean, ix-

• ~cI •• kl.,hnr. which liJl'ift ••• hijndftd pmph.t." i •

• uaQ,tc 01 H..shrn,. He i, touu .rltf called .·-Lac t .... cbe:r

&if Uae pr"pb~~·· .

•

,

1

I

-I

. i ,

THE BOOK OF

ilt ; because the whole, ,nd entife and eomp~~t

parts of it have being; and it i. a contingent exist·

eace because it is comp~ed or contingent nj~lCDcer •

. Now It fl clear that it must have a m.&lt.cr aQ.d for~ rj

.ad thnt maker is either tile' whole.bO~1 of coD.lingclll

existences, or a part of it, or somethin,. externa.l to ii,

'The flr.t is impossible, foc it would necessarily roup"

that that wbole existed previous te judf. An):Ilhe 5e

cond t~o is impossible, for the maker of ~ e whole muse

. be the maker of every individual part. If tbereforu

part were the mak,er and creator of the whole" the part

mUJt be the creat~' of itleJf, which is impolli bll!. lbe

. third.uppo.ition agr~el with my notion, bec-aUJelbe,

- .Being which is exclllsiv~ of the Whole mUll n~garil1

! be 'l'he Self. Exiilent. Thero "ai~ a lboll5llnd simib:(

proof. in the Jawed"n "birid ~on'rhred by'tbekno\li·

. ledge.adorned prophets, wbereoffive hundred rflalt.lo.

the false. rea~auing of the circle aud Ifb~ hllndre4111 lh .•

. fallac1 of lhe ~bain, l\1or~over, Se4-ftkbsbn, in the

Great Book of Jawediln Khirid, remarks in. e:~'pIa.tII .

'Cion oCthe words orSbet Kh~rsbid· who , ayo5 i.

6. There are not two SoIf .. Existcnts.

. .

COIIIMB!fTA a Y. For, ift'tere were two Ne,ceulril,.B.(~

isRnt bemgl each po .... essing the ('Uential q Llalilin of lb.

other, then ,beir sense of' d i versi! Yt in respect 10 ell.

, other .. myst be owing to the intervention of lom(,bi~

~ternal to their notllf'eI; hel1~e [hey wo uld IJe d C' pen~

~t on ~elhiDg ederna}, so far u regllrds"lhldr idtn·

tilyand.. COllsU9U$0.e:i5 of diV'efSity. But we J.ave Hell!

tha~ every. thin: d.epeade-.t ~!!~ou,. to.. the citu, of COll'

tiugent exutences~ ..

• l'be s.un.

. '

"

SHE'! .J~AH.:raa nitS!. ._

( II i •• 1. ~ In the nrnl ftmm., . tbt if Ihe ...

.... mae, ~Ielf. s.\tlef\lll,., ,.Ult· ~t.'

~. . .

• direct consequence Qf thi.' rnultilliioity, be~ •

.....' .xhteh~." Ita ._~en t,q~t' ~q'~ ~very

cOl'ltingen& being requir .. a maker; . and l~~ ... make; of

.- this inat1t~plicity ca~nQt be Qfrl~tu~lOe·etSe~ce. as'theYaFr.

For, h bas been shewn lbaltbe makP.rofe,ery~on\illgint

'. existence musl of nec,$lIity be ,omething tliferenl from it,

~ must' precede it in point ·of. e~isfellce, ~;,d cannot be. a

porl~oD, of it. for tbe maker of the whole m~nt of ~otine

be lh, maker of. the supposed part. ~or ~a~ th\! maker

, be Any thing external; (or-then the ease WQQld necei.

larily CQrne under tbat ef the circle, or of the chain~

and so has alrfady been proved t() be imP9ssiblc. And,

in die same way, f/orB the multiplicity in number of the

NeceSlary.F;si:;tents, it WQuid ~navoidabl1 fl,lJ1ow, th.,

there wu a ~ntin,~t being witho4it & 111akf?r, whiela

i. impossible. '

, '. I .

And again it i. written In the respected Vo~ome ,be

Jaw.din {(hirid., that if there be't\vo. Necel$&rily.Eziltents,

it i~ neces5l\ry rhat, each ~f.tbe~ shonW be

Omnipotellt over all pos_ible existences, for defeet uf

, po,wer is not a. ~ua\ity of the Godhea~. lienee, as otlef\

as the one de~ireS Q~e rbing, ~sid the other- d~ires the

, con'rary; it' it bes/lpp()sedrhat"be ",-hefbQth 'ise1fec;t.

eJ, then N'O QPI)ositM are r~"ncllcd ; antl if the wiah of

lIeilllel is ejFec~~. lhen ii fQlIo.\JI thl\t' two ~pposife

",ishea are' bo.rh frnlvnted ~ And if the wilih of one be

. . . .

,nperior, the olherm/l!.t he inrtrior in PI''''''', and want

Qf PQ~'.rcanllf)l avpf'rtain 10 Ga lhea~.

re ... nil~1 ~ in' that tJl~h~J

.'

VuiurllWo

. '

MclU..Y s.imilar

... -..

:

..

--

......

....I.

£,~- ... ---~

THE BoOt OF .

It is farlbenaid ill that'most eacelent of Bdo\: , ill

e,pl ... ti.oo of tile wonla uf tile "0 14ouli,gh l lmlllt,

Sunc

G. Abert6she~ it not subject to No.elti •

COXX&!fT A a Y 0 "'or the Self- Exh;I~Dt i. 1101 thCl~

bode .r nuvt'ity or i.e" things, siuce ever, lIew Ibm! ()(

, nO\'eh, ,bat arises ia conditionaliy-t'xislellt; Illd eve,y

thing that it conditiOfially existent d~pt\nu$' on Ibe

- Maker or flfshioner ; but the Nece~"'rill· E'~knl is IfO~

· conti itional'y-existe nl ~ or depcliqefl(, dOlI, therefore,

, ne\'er was bew or fresh product-d, Were it pas ,i'\e fur

· Jlim to have a new qual ily, , that quaf I)' nlU t ~m It

origiUiitor; alld that illd"l~rldellt origtD.Lltor .In ~ JJO"O"

fullDaker must be the riecelilary e5senc,e, wbicij U Lhe

}'irllt and Oldesf; And wbalen!; is, ill i,ts essc:ncc, jp.

tJependeilf, ariJ free, artll OlUllivolcrit, must il£O pos.!lll

· the qualities of Fir!!t IIml Oldest; alld i~ Calluot be Hral

any thing, but itselt, should be the cause of JJClvne s,ud

freshness to any quality tbat belougs tu it: ror olbtr·

· "'lse it wouM cvidcnlly foiluw tflat the NectwriiJ,.

£xlstenl Wdllid be suhject to aOllleUaing ef,e,3ad'dc.

)Jcndeot un it, an,! derive lorne ot ai' 'pcrfecliops (rllil

Boollicr; bllt as the qllalitiel of Yadao the Sllpr~me IUC

perfed qllalilit..-s, this i. a supposition tbat IS w&dw ~ ·

.iuk. Tbe lVecC:;slltily • .a:;silitent Lberelbrc illlOt iubj«t.

to Doveaies. or il1hovuliorut.

'AfijI Sed- WakhshUr in the Ja\ted&n Kllirid, in ec·

plauilliOll oflhe ,,'orcb ot the rloriuu.11r refll~.reol S ~j

aailh;

'J. Obern~hramt is u~c:om po,uDded,

• Y.I·1"fI 1'11".

,. j'" Sa p,,..,

t '" ..

•

,

SHETS~lf THE "QT.

t' (:q_,.aK1'.ay. H~ ":~ tbat w ..... 'is,

......

iI ••

~"uad or sialple. W...,..~

~ided or ."obn. ... parts .y. be p,lQnolirt. f"rtIIIfr

pn4,. atfkl it;1t can .. be divided or ~de ia.., putl.

jt *7 be,.:c;pUect as ""8p1e.

Now, ,laat the N ...•

,.nJ1·~~' is .• mple, there ~re ""1 'Il pteofl.

the lint place. everl cOrppolilld ;. depcudeatoa lie par" 1

and "aillt ib Ixlo, is. poaterior ia lime ta that or i\9

larts, ts reuell requirei tlla& ...... nmst IJ.;. par'tt, befo",

the COI1IJ»Ound '*' .. ailt. Bllt *Wte,er h .. ' ....

tw~ prq~'" Js depe~e~t. Helice '~e .Ne~rft,,,

t:iilant il DOt Cfgpdul;ld.ed, . . .

,the .ieCOnd ..., i •• that 11 lie W'!fe' cU1llposed ~r

pltsj His par.- mlill be either neceuaril, esi~'el1t Of

- .tonti"~litl1 exist.nj. AI to Ibe 6rst luppG4itlon, it i.

intpossibh! that Jheresh~uld btt 4multipHcilY of Necea

,aril,. E.ja.len~.. "n tbe ,econe) Iuppdllition, eve'T

luck rtJrl lIlu:-t hive ·rld application to ,be Ne* ... riIy!"

.E&ialttit B.il1g, seeing chat the Original Creator ftn&

e~d df Hi~~~lrand afterward. bCl~\V~) be~ng .0R'9-

ther 'lriatIllC~. Bu~ ~f the Nc~ri.J,. ExiateDt wer.e

,'tI18 .... a~r of His o';'n pa~, it "ould nee.ear •• , fnU,",

tJaa~ Ue .~jsted ~oreJlis parts; wlaertat the parts m;a,C

pecedo th~ compound, "hicb can a'lI~ only through

tlle N,.qrily.Existeu(: seeing that whatever is coq-

• ·ti~",.eKiltent, mll5t deriye its being from 'liomethin,

ucc_rily.uutenf. And' hence, .if illill Maker were '

tlrrt tIIinl but tbe NectlSflrily-Ex:isteul, tbc= Necessaril~.

Ed.teat mull exillt be(or~ A i. patti by (\YO ~'egre.,

whicb i.1 iIl1l)ossible. He caanol therefore be ~Oll)

lound.

And in the same wa, dlat it i. prov~ ,baa tie it Doa

e'Jmpound, it may ... bewn thai IJ. it MV' GO'ROral;

,..,

,

I

i'

I

'I

•

'

l'58

~, '}'" ';" c",~..,t.· r,

Ue. ". .~ _ t

"

farevl"ry ilJing h!n'in~ a b.,(ly i~ ~ase .. pti',l.~ohli,isioa

in ~n:t(h, ""en~tl, :tnd Iferlh, all I m.,~ be divided int;'

p,rts, as hal ve~, t It rre. part', or four or 10 f'ortli j loa

'wh ,Ie""r hall part .. tS ti~pot'Ildt!at. Hencedte'Necasariry:.

-};xi.. tent cannot be body ~ sirH't ,t is-plain thai werethe

h,}l r Yeidnil bOd:y t He might he divided into pull, the

llnioll offill which -i;att.~ 'Would be"he cansi~ofHijbe~

jng. But every tfiillg h'uirig been created hy Him, if

you 8uI'pose that sitch parIS do not es:ilt, you needsarnr

Come to tbe conclusion that He fOO doe; Not b.i~t. alld

~o He would be coulingeft~Jy and not necessarily tliSl('nt.

Hilt as He has no batly 10 neither has' He place not

position. For "hlltever is in ptace or position i~ eilhet

Loriy, or a part of hotly, ora qualit)· of buily j alld bo1r

ahd the parts of body are li.,ble to division i where;astbe

Setf'Existellt. is not subject to divisibility, nor sus~pli:

bl. of bting 1Jrolten into parts. And a:i 10 the qtlaJIIie:i

"of body, th~, depend on body fbr their bei~, an~ are

."bserviellt '0 it. AlJd white,oer i. ~ubservienl (0

another is oonling~nt. The Sdt·'Exislent therefore i~

not body' nor corl)oreal, and He bas no. l)tace nQr posit

tiOD. . ,

Hence fQo it fdlo\Vs that the Necessaril.r.t,.islrnt ~

not nn accident, wlIich they call 1'awer. For lCcidell&

illhere~' in body, and if you suppose body n!Jl1p f'xut,

accident too ceaSe. la exist; and as lfe.il n.ot body., '?

He evidently il; nol accident (lau;er), whic;h isdepc,.t

dent on bo,I,. , A~d rill Lher, aocident or qu"iify is all

exi:sh:llce which 'ill the I'reJiclte of liolllething d~, al

hhclwtlsS, wbitelless, ~Ul!otl', 8U1111, aud lho likej an~

whaf~\'cr has these qllaliti~s is C~lItilliCn1 j "henccy

Ulay be UU'JCI slo~J L'llat tile N ec.eslillri1,.,k;xlaLC .. t illloC

KCA

...

•

•

.

SUET SAS .. \N tHE J1ft.ST •

.... ~n 'wtth the .. ,.t thot is in tJie-laead; lor wbat i& ~i .. i_

bl~ to the hoctili eve I:II)IIC be itt ~i'ion ;. ':Ii~ __\\hil'r

:ev~r is l'illiLle m~st· he 0l,posite to, or wNlt may Ue

terinedOpposi~t! to fhe seer; anti ""bat~· id 50 filllatw

IDUst bave "O,ilioll. Hut it has been , .. tisfacturily

'proyed tbat Ihe"SeU:'.Exililen: bal,no po&ition, 10 tllilt II e

counol be viaihle fo fire t)'e afthe body, but ouly 'lft III.

mind·seye. \rh~n I •• aYe lell' tb~ elementary body,

pnssed Ihe wor1d of bodie8, nml t:lkell my uatiou above

the circle oftoatiugent. ex itileMC 5, I b"" ... ren tbe Ligl"

oflighrs wbieb it Dt,t bnd~, IIor corport.1 t nor quality,

'abine OD me wilbQllt place or IJ05itioJl: and 1I",t

glory h Incb rl,.l it" prnpel-till caunol be exprtssed hy

tongue, ner can enr lrear, nor tlai'

; .

.

tHE BOOK OF

,

prmende(t An 'instance of th~ tbrcc claMes"cr.eiDc

j" light j for ~ome bodies are r~tJ'eijd~nt fro. ilipe

\tUich .pmcftdl from something t'~t£rD.l lotbml • .,.

"hichJighl ilar; ~Cei,e from 'CHDelbingelse;,ulbe

iIluminntion of the ewrth from tile SUD: aDd 10001lbi.

by a light lhnt is d;lF~reut frOID their euetlct, aJHi yet iI

in!leparable from their essence, u tbe l!ght ofthe ,encrilble

Sun.: and the ihil(i il lh~ shining nlld IWiag

Light, which j. Lighf of its ~"'n eSlit'lIce, nat trlll1lll,

thing ebe; and oflhi. lut meutloncd Ugh, lhe NefCSo

Alrily.Exj·tcnt is an .. xamp1e. Tlie pioof of Iltj. !at

isserlion i~, tbat t if tlae bein. at' ,be NecdsariIJ·

Eail.eiit pr~eeded from ."Y ~hing but Itl .. owiU.fICe,

it 'Would be , 'luG/it§: and Q'lata,y it n propelty ofthat

in wbicb qllali\ic. inher~, aQd is dt'p~ddeDt oa it: alii

wbatlOevp.r is dependent oi\ ."apolber, ifc6lD&iApla,

.edstrtal; and ever, colllingeUl. a"ift, JRitli .... , ta •.

Henct iflbe beililof Ute NeCeParil,-J,:sisteal procdat

. froln ••• y tbing but HI. OWIl caRDa', He .on baru

C8U1e j aad He ('anriot ije the cl'luie ofllis VWIl beiog; r"

,bat i. impoatiblc, ns is evident widl.'lt the pcraNiT

of AJI, .rgnment ot reMoniftg; .inee it wOUld illpl1

thai the eJli • .te~ .of the Mec~ariJ,.~xiJ(CIlt WIIS prior

to tI~rntdf. And.~ Iljl bt-ing i. not a ptlliq .f Hi .

.essence, '0 n~hher .can it be If portion of it t fot it hal

bee.b dearly de.momfraled ,~al the Nectllarfr,.lIistelC

hA. no parts.. IUs bring therefOre is telr~Kiltta't II

nil! ~~.nce is pure bei.ng f .and Hi, essence II such tIttI

it unnot be conceived as not exis.ting. ItJoreorer, tire

. I)~in!!, wbich .i. 'lot essenlinl, sng~~ luuppo·itiouf

binit!; and were fiis bdng Itlcb, Ynrlh wolltl .. bu

~Olllpout1cJccf Being, and whn' is eompoliDIi i. conllD

,gf'lIlly existent.

And in Lhe SaUJ1e .1tJ ••• re being

SUIeld ...

" , . ~.:

• 1 F'"\- ~JI"'_. _. a.~

-.. .. ::: ~ "'-" .,. ... - -- ~

. -...........

- - .-.--

SH~·~.~ic~HR:IiRST. _

.~pe~d. (~.lpI~~.u.wouW· coo .... 1&,· ..

... ~t. depen4e.qt 0\l- .~b~et~ ~1M, add ~Dqecwt

ia.pst to ¥ddtn" i ... 1Je~ h,a .. tWu .'0 .~id....

~ mut fallQW th" !~.J)ein",:~.t~ ~d'P' .. de8"',

~Ub it:bJ ~ona~ c.,.~e. H4P~ ill ....... '.n~I~I,. .... ,.

~ . C8:Ute~. .: But. if tli~ ~aiae . "!t;r"lUI ~W 10A1, it '

,!.~dcJ,. of cou~et follow. theu tbe came of b~ e~"t"'Q4

'!~ "t'e~iou& tb ~ beY'g; lin~

thtl ~ of We la,

. latenc~ of ROY thios "'~~~ necl";I4anly pr~c~e ~~ ....

• ~~.' The beiDI o!..tb~ Neceli8&ril1·E¥.isk~ tblre.

"rt •• "- ~ Ilia ;t~tW 89~. ,

. AM the ptop~~tt in lhe ~,1ftd4a ;"K~iri~ u,. ezpk,

lIation of ~be ~olds Qf the ViceFent, of Yeadaaoyer-

&cidia-

, o.

-has aid'i- . •

Qualities at~ e~'sentiani inberent in

){ezdlm', . -, .' .. :"

'. ~o .••&.t:... ~T. He .Iar tbat ~ qu,l~t~ Of 411.

..,nce j

~~~.rill·&'iittDt .r~(.l¥tnw.JI~ inb~r~J i~H~ PM' •

"hat, in &lepepd~t:;~~t~~,: pto~~. R .....

qf ~~ence . and quality J ill ~ccss~ry.exilte~_ ,be~

(~W\d ill ~ir e&spice. Fort it' ~!e lu~d .qlllJ1itiea luper",

Idde4,. atld not' uaeotiall.f inherent, it ~s t:l~r ~haL

. ~....

.

1fh.~yer is Dot ~~D'iaJl1 exil.t.ent ruu~l. ~ I;Il adcJi'io,,~

~ha .. e.lbj"" ela~i aad ~~re.'b.,esael1ceofUut¥pltJ.t

iII~csted. ~\'ilh qtl~it~ \~a~ &lie per~ct. W ,pile pf:

tb.eir ~i", lupcr~d~t ,~ea, as whatever' hIM aq, ita!

gerfectioQ fr~ ~~i!., _en,tiaUy, inherent., ~ subject ~~

i4Dper!ectioa ~n~ defee' ~ ',,,od!1l' ~mperfec,liGn (fIIl..

e~iat in a pure CS5enW, it must follo.w fJa~ 11C.Ce(t,

q~.titiel are ea~.qtiall1. iDb~rcDt ill a pure ~~.'. jjut .

.. the knower is in LH.aoul gf lwu",l~&e. D~t AQW-:

-~ i: c. Tb'c lui.

. .

,

•

.~

,,... ~

-------.

-=:-~~.

....... :...

- _ ... 1

lit

Jedp superadded to his euente.

Alld It it e1lir that

, whatenr il net _end 11y inberent in Ule Necaaar~"

Eaillle .. t i. depettdently ~~ia~ltt. If the qualiliearl

l' elldin, Ihernore, wet. not euentiat1y elli~telll in H~

•• ience~ tht"y would be kif'pendendy eJ:H~llt; lid

hence Yezdan', perfectioDi woulJ proceed frolb whit

is depmdmtl, existent t but whatever oWeI'll. perfec.'

don to any tbine but itself it'dependently not 'nee.

larily uiMfent j a IUppOti1ion which i. iuavmi~blt.

·0 And moreover Sed.wilkh.h6r in tho Book of Jlwedb

Xhirid, in tbe espllUlation ofab., words of the rcllllpl

Sun e'er4 worthy. to.bc·lalided, bill .aid ,

, ,

10. Hc:zdam knoweth by perfect means.,

Co.nUliIIAaY. He 111' tba~

the Ne~'lll~);s·

iltt'nt ~ perfectly Oluflillcienl of Hi; O\'U e~Qc,.

If 00

'For

is free frOID ",laUer alld its uB"ections; Ind wiJal&ret It

free ""o,~ malter poueilCl, kIJG\\ltdge, iio('C matler-,

"bat i, ; material ar. the imprdiuaeuli ot bo"Jed~

Aud the Oivine' EIlse1lcei. a~quuintetl, in • 'perfett'

degu:e, with tbe pal ticles tbat thange, and wilL such,,:

are ullchanging, & lhut iu'a trallllcendent degree, .inee it

lino", their

sHET SAIAN TlJE FIRST. lea

r :..... . •. .

Exident mOlt b~ve Hf. eumce cbanpd aeeordin, at,

~ • c t. ; -It I. • .' .

one form or anotb.r .AI p.r~ented ; wlucb II n~t fit~iDr,

aince He ia bllliubjec, tOr,ill', crfeclion but ~ow. pat~

" . •. '.. I ""'" _

ti~l~ i~ " perf~et way. '" A)~~ ,S~.wakh.hur writ"

m¥cb on tllia subject. Sel..ndt'~, during t~i. rei,n,'

'ra~lated ipto Yunani thi. Gra,.l' Book, ' aocl afler'~"rdi

I ..' ,

.f~her Book. : . nnel J b~v. bere ,ivel~ an e~traot froni it

that che youPg "Iludent D;light u,i4erstaJld it, and know

~i. God ('UAdAr ). ,by .,.oof~ de~.~~ecI,f~OfD r.eMDD. ·L·;t~

hiln afterwards, ",hi. Cod-. a¥i,tanc~;, .0' 00'0 ~he lir.

~ommf'lIlar,

"r.rcl~J i hnre." ~ritten:.~n • the rea~~'

Doadr, an~ draw all hi' kno" 1«118 (~om It; after wbic~,

. let hiiu, wi,b' t11~ gru.t of Jzed devote illiDtlelf to the'

lfor.hip of r ez"-4u and by' Plt"8J1' or 'seclulion, I.lad

watchfull1e •• ~ .na flddng .lid ~edita:fion 00' Y~~'n,

let 1.im ~ Yadan; aud thoio who are· nigh' uJlto tlie

.' . . ,../." , 110»' J Uill ( Dadar ).'. .

'. .." ,.... • : 1'"

11 •. The Lord iI the Creator.·of the. Firat

Intolligence, the Makar of tbeISuuJ;. the

Adurner of the'superior 'bodies~

ducer of the ele~eQts .. tb~. ldi~"c:r.~( t~~'

{our elemea tl.

CO .....-rA.y.. 'the propb." T~IIUJ"" .... ebi ..,

of e¥i.l.dlapoted IOU 1... in the' book of ·"l

the Pro-'.

.. ) .. ~

( i. e. luperlaUM "nowIedS.e. ',~1', in eap •• Mliora 01.

daO Cullow iDI worda ot' &lao by 01. &Ja.IaCi'v •• ; ... bo ..w

utohim;. ..

1~. The . ~eeelSarily-Bxistent . is on.~

without multiplicity_ .'

,

, .

•

1

•

--- '-

__"'

.... _M: ~~:J.~ __ ~,_.

__ ~?t~~~._.~.~, ...

~C5~~"~1hO"~~'~):~··"S~22.'i?t.'5&L

T.tiE 800K ot

J'. ' .

CO~MENTARY. For it isuDit1. that delude. IlDilt1

plieift .from His' tsschce ~'~ ~u~liiie.; ~~Dce Dmabe!r id

ft. eisence is n~ceuarily. manifold and;compo.edtllld'

thence beprlii on it a mark. of dependence. 'Now d,p.'

dence is an e~elltinl properl' of dcp~rident.~,

and ofimpe!feClion in qual~ty. And d~~ Hepo« .. ,1J;

~~~lity ofmuhiplicitV, it would: ,Inevitably follow that

tbe l8,JDe thing WaB at, ont:e the Creator and the mated,

. . "

t)le_Maker and tbe. made; for He 'ii' the Creator aod.

~ake'" of'~ll thil.1~~, a~d m.u.~ti··t~~Ttf'?re, be the Creator

and Maker o'f II is' own qualities. But .. being .,..cued

of qua lilies C311D~t at orice be" th~ r~(:ipient.aod.utbouL

i~ own.qualiti~" fo~ t~e '~8ine:thi~g c..nnot at oDceh

th~ gh'er ~nd recCfiYer·o.f~i'ng~ A Creai~r iodtfJ, froaa

the very cifcomiiance of his being a Cjreator, mUlt ..

~~~ly have m~de.somet~ing: but .~~ does Dot Dec»

,

urily follow becau.e a thing is made, that there ".

any necessity fOf ita being made i and it is impouible

tal ti.e· amo 'lhtBg .boGl~, MCeIIUf an' ~l_.

'flY to abot~I~: tbiqg. 4nd:r'ltlIer tbe prapbet,..

remover 01. evil.dispoted demQD'1 .a", lbat o~ thilf

1:

~ i

only' c~n pr~~,d from real unity': . aeei", that in,o

things procetded from it, the place of origin of each

of these two must neefas.lil, be di,l'erenf. )'or tbe

place of, erig;n of the one IIlO.'· be dillereDt from tAl

pJ~ of Qfigin of·the other; ~, of these two placet

01· origiftl, one ID.' be teparate from it: aad it &00 must

.... a ct:ute, and·if 'We direct OIlratttDtioD tD this Cllllt,

1Fe shan find that it necessarily lead. u. ei~er to tbe"

cuc1e or \be chain. .tad it will", clQ r-. .1' ooct 10

say, that if this proof were 1011~~,_. it wor,Jd.n8Cellllfil,

• The ~ DM in lb. prccecliD, ICDl(nce ;, far ft,. hia,

d, .... lcc( ~ ,

. {oHow

SHIT .JANlf -TBB . SlUT.

_

,"

'1,10. tb.a.DOS CftD. OM, th,i", .ct)~:~ fr~, ,

rea' .Dill' for tllat jf -1 thiDC 4;ould prvc:ce4 J»~\ ot.

1Uli11) . it, mu.t ~ Cf~" l»r~ froID IO~ pl~ ,of,

origin, Ind __ .\~.pl.'iC-.. f ~rigi~ ,it re~ bot ... ,~ lb.,

~'k,~r ~d ..,a~, u ~iDg bet~~ lIIua., • 1OQ,'ll"~

."n a uuae, a~4 that t~D tbc:c ..."t D~ril"

belong ei!-he! to t~l~ of .the. cirde .qr. ~ c:'-"'a ...-We;,

,ns",er . tbat bl the, ,terlB, ,IM,-"r ,~~ .we do- nat

ttndentand a realpr~ce,of ~rigin, .~u~~nly fflal b1;'~

j~t~r.f.n'ion of which there ",.': COI)DexioD bet",,~

tbe caule and t~~ 'ff~ct" aud 1!,~~~~_ :11~'ioD i. .~

"Ide nor fuhioDCd, 11,0l tbat.( lIl.eIm to a8i~,~

• •••• I •• •

the'; i. any,a~\lJfl!ll ~:li,t~ng l)41~e'ol.oria.in •. 4~ .

pr~phet" the bi~~f:C of d~nfl, '~IJI ~4~.~1l.) tb •

. labject, which it is upnec~,"r"y,.tqJ~lrwu~ here,(;'·;.1 :::·r

. And farther iil,tb~ Book 9f Berl ~lMllC' ( t ...... ~

dent kDowledge) it is Aid, in tbe e.r;pl .... tiDD.lof~'IIa,

words of the reverend Moou, tbac,. • ;.~ I " '

. 'j 3. Th~ ,~i.r~~~Inte!lig~,nce· ~~~' ~cat~~ .. r

COIIIIENT~.Y'.

H.e 111',. ha~ .pro.-ed: tk~ tbe:

pure Yodin i. perre~ unil" and \b.t onllone thiD'

ebb prGct~ f;om l>ftteet un,ift, 'that tbin, ~~~t or-.ne~

ctliitybe the Ftrst':l"te11igen~e; 'sinee 'it ealmot ',;e, .• ",

bod" for body i, c:ompoontl, . aud ttie CreatOr musl b.

the maker of DC" of its _j~diviau~l" ~artl, iince 'other ..

wi .. he certal nlj, 4:Quld Dot be the maker and pe'rt.~ct

C_hiotaer oft"e \\'tlC)Ye: and hence if the Fint.creiit~«(

aad F'int:madt \\'eit, tom poU nd, the Maker mu~t be the -

aaaket' • eu'6 part, aOlI thul," lDuTtiplidt~ o('thinll'

...""Wuece..ariry proceed (rom pea'fcct unity. Nor can

tit. fiistlcreatctfp(Jsae;' allY of 'be paru 'of bod", :. (o~'

De ooe pan i. bl(tep'eud'nt, 'or .table: in· "'elc'"ith~llt

.' ! ~ t

tom •

- '.

•

.

.......

-

.brn~otih~; 'aild no d~nclertl ~xf~fencr ~5 eijiab1l'af'

~Mtirli' lind m.kin!.:' "'19~e "r~t.cr('·:itl,l, 'o~, mn~t

JravtJi mrlker IllIcI pJ~ce- :of ltrc.'ltion;· i"'~l"rh!ithlin ~{

~tmriibn~8y Teach fo ~ tIle NeceslIliJl,:txhreftt, ",'

other_ise tbe dIn"- ttnist, assurf',ff}, \isiYrpw8ra.. And:

tlle "1itst:err.ieti must he linch 'UI'~t ho' dependent ex·

istence precede';r. j m'; -hence',Iso tile :Pirst.ctuted c.,n~

ftot b~ R soul, lfe;n~"lliat'eYe~"oul is ~Otst8b1, but is

Fpendent ~Dd affected Hy maHer in ifs ~ction. Hence

it'ili plain that lnrtlligence; fiht ohll, received dependent

being, but is nat body ~ nor any part of body, nor

.~rk1eriton bOfTy, nor material, 'aqt\ In its lJeiqgan4

ldiiOn: Is Rot dependenf Qn body, 'o~. "hat· it- material;

and· the "i.& look for nothing more iha.« tl1is in Jnlrr·

ligenc~ A nd Oft thu'head the prqpllet~ the restrainer

ofdell1oo."has ma'lY observation.: aftet'wbich he rema,ka-,that

tbe moon said; .

14. And this Intelligen,ce 'createtq one

Intelligeji}ce~' qne Soul, an(l"o~ne' B~dy: anq

the other Inte]ngen~es 'do the, same.

t II , • ~.. ., .

. ~OM:,,£~,TAn~~ .I,t,~lIst be undtn.J.'?od"tb,t Ute ~i,"

]nte!ligence was creatC?d by the ~t!l.Or ~f.~ing,JJ)d

that blessed angel ",as dislinguillhe.d by three upedl,

first 8S havi~g ~ IIpiri.t~a' existen~c·i.'" ~xt a oecell3'1

existence . fronl some~hing different from himself; .q

. . " ~ , . .

lastly ftom ~fs e~sen~e -. having a C_Q.n~I~ge .. t exilttnce.

A'~~ ?,y me8n~ onus SJ1i~i tUlll bei,,,, }ybic~ is ~lt.ogeth~.r

excclle.lt, ~l~ crfatfd l1,IC _Iecond llilelligfnce "hOo iq kis

• .6. ,. 4,. . J

~ssence Ilild 'qualilies, 1.1 free from imperfection.ud.

. .,. ." ~l . • oil

de~ect" an~ . impr~prieIY" and ~e~!.lde,~.ice on JlIafteq

4lpd by means of bi. necelSary exuten(fO fro,m ~mell!i~

~x~er~al to bi~~el(, l~.t exiitcoce' being g~orioul and

~;,~ifie~

--

,

.

.. -".-.-

-8

, ,

6HET Si-SA'N'1oRE" nRST.

1&'

dig!llfied fn 'r~ga~ ~~ 1tl eS5enli~ .~isiei1~ a~d' ne~-:'

.. ~y befng; )alJd '(Je(ecrave in~r~sp.ec:t fo I'll exj1.tjng by .

• O~~l" ing' oilt of its.elt, he ,created' tbe sput of tlie

, , ....• t, "

U ppermost Sphere~ who is exalted in respe~~ to ~b.e ilJ·

p("pendence of IIlli t~en,ee

on' maiter; though defective

in ;,.ganl 'to the depCri(lehce: ~tir hi!l~ 'pcrf~ctioI,'is on

~at~er : 31;1£1 by means of ',Ii! conti~l.gen~· eSsence, which.'

is tfte Oligi nat sent of tlie 10wt!i c1e;perident ql1~litie~, an(J' I

'he ca~se of ~he IQw'er. and' j;n'~~aecf~ r,erations; he ex.;. :

'r~cated hie body prliie sp~ete o~ Ilpheres, whjcb, bof'h

ai' to ita essen'ce' and qualities ij~'de'Pei1aeni on mattef. -

A,nd, 'i~ fike ~.nne~,..r,~m~vtri ·ll.,~eni$~ll~~ ltnothe~'

)nteltigen~e ,nd sour,'al?-J Celestial Buoy ptoceeded; by

I mean. of ' the exiiience of the tbree 4Spects ~hat lia've"'

~eei1 mentiQned, 'an.d :~ccorqing 'to the Torhw that hal

been' .espl~ined; a'~€l sq on' till we aui ve at the Illtelli~

gence oftl~e heallCjD or- elementS·;, apd to th~s last,

.pedal power Wal • assf,ned, derivcid" (roM. the motion .

and course of the beavens, and tbe conjunc~i(m of tb-e .

• tars, and the "peet ohhelsJari; 'and he shower. do,.;q

fornia, .od ide8S'; and accidents, and qualities, on tbe :,

limple ete_nti.' And the de~oo.biodingt l)~b~ 4

hils much on ,thi. s~bject. ,-,.~ '. ~

'·4bd the ·demon.~indinl·prophet farl~r .ys, :&h~

IJooll •• ia unto IQ~; '~ ." . .... .

.,.. . .... .

, 15:' RaclJ. cl~ssJi~th ~itl .g.u:J.rdian a.ngel. ..

CO~I(BNT.A. B. y:. IIJ .. ~xplana'ioD ot' this "it i;' ~ritte~Y.l

.b,' :tbat ~ caUtt! Ligh~ which is. .. visib1e,pf i\s,elf" an{f r

• " ..... l • • •

~~ also make oth«:r .~~~i Yi.i~le;. aM. ijJe Guardiall •

"r Gu;ardianl i. c~ll~d ~e Li,bto~ Lig~tl.i ;pd.all ~tb~i .

~ependent and: fre~ ~i~ IID9DC ID~elli,ep.cea ~D~. ,

• .•• ttI·a

- ... - . .

..

'-- .. '

.".., _-_ ... .....

.. ~ ... -,--....

tA THE BOOK Of -

Souls are held to be ~ Liaht; since tbey aTe TiubJf f1f

their own ~seDce, and 'are known to their own loul by

their lalent of clearsigb,tedneas, and th~1, CDh become

the cause of being to ,IU things j nnt it i. not so ,.hh

1'. • t ", j

bQdily facuUies whether visible or hidden, wlllch though

the causes of other tbiDgs being ~rceiyed are Dot tile

caules of being, known (0 themselves. and dlough "I.

discoverers of percepli,on., which nre tbe IJ\tilni of llle

discovery of terrestrial things, they are not tbe mlni4

leaters or illuminatori of their own, lOult. ~Rd 110

faculty can be tbe ,cau~ of the kll()wied,e of it!! own

loul. A.,- (or example: NOlhing is discovered by

tbe unaai.ted (aeuhy of sigbt J and no on'! tars tll.:ll

aay thing is gained by mere sight: 'but w hl:peve~ Ihe

rays of light fllmn~ upon. a mirror are rdlecled And

affect Ule eye, the, sight is affected; for the .mer~ orgaDi

oCtile eye il not tbe seer; the seer' is a po,,~ 'r "hie/,

mUlt reside in the organ oC tbe eye, and whicb power i.

invisible.

And be fanher l8)'s, in tbe lame.book, tJial eYer! de ..

Icription at cln.s or genu., "hellier ~Je.tial orele~enlal,

c:ompoulided or uncompounde,l, must h 'vc IOllle

Guar~i:lll from the leat of liglat. For ther,e first ·of

aU .howers down .n~ ,,,tau on the Protcli:lur. lind

Guardi:lIl~, from the Ljghts thai are a!>ove 'lllem, .. rc'

'1llendent ~hower oflig!lt, which to th~m i. ahogdber

contingent; A nli thete tigkt~ hue different trillions.

Hence arise innumerable relation. -among material

, .

bodies, 'IS t'l tbingi conncc:ted 1Titb bOd1, which bur

f.lntion to those fights and ~ulrdiab... .

And in tbai ~ol.Y Bo!'k he farther laYl, thlt uodies

are the .1uldoW! of independent lights, and that tile

abadO\T is. Q(.'pcndent on tbe ,J.b&. . And &hat lIf'nce it

h ·lp~;JI

11ft 'A~~ TaB FIRST.

-".... in tONeq ..." tit. iap 1fW& ..... in tile con- ,

--• ., lilla, with 1IotIia, \11M tha, elQnM dbeoYer

-..... own a_ee. 'but..up.. "hat • 1'i&laout th"'" .

.... per"lAneMe it , ... rk· ofl...,.. .....

t. ~ J

for'bIN le,'"e and all . other ..... ties ItteDll its lab

lid in bodi ••

I..! further fhe IJeaa .. ·bincU.., prophet ." ira tb •

... book i the .ph ........ Moot •• id DD&o IIlC ;

~t bu& aeur ft8 lie , ..

J G

• .Intelligences are without beginni,ng.

CO .... ENT.l a1' .. lie not I.".t, thit DB Intelllgencea

aM of rrCef" ell illfence, or nevr inMle ot ne,y -'created.

For ne,,·cRatedand new.fo ...... l ed.te~('a mo,t 1\1'

~uaril, ..-Slime 11 tl'rm and 1:11 ... ide a (orm; and Ihe

en.IDin, .II~ leavi~ ofa form ':Il~ only hue plAce in

• compouncl that ha. two part", or lhd po'l'\e!lle" a

quality ...,de 01' of lWe)' q"alilies, and wtlier,' enn exid

0ltl1"in a hoc'.J haYing parIs; a prol)osition that dc-pea.d.

on tbe truth thllt the same thilllg cannot, ,at the tame

. '

time', be bot .. the fMhiOhel' anti c:rep'or, It"d the created.

,

Anti e'V~r1 Of!'f or De\,~tOrmed t>Xi~en". 1111"'( hr,Yciti.

materilll principle (m."e1t) prt"fiolls IQ it,.aoll minot,

be Il(bseqtlC~flt tn if, principle 'J .llra. Jut.Uiae'DCte

lIaye no material ~llbstaDC". ...

, And farlher the rropltft, theblnder.nt.demnnl, in

,"at Mighty Muok says, "'at Inaelligtn"ft are e,,.r ttl

ISe e"'olleel .nel 1111141,..' ror lh.-ir cfl".I'~tftttoIt

anelltet •.

ftctioll an" for '11(' ta qUI,1i tia or ......."etinn f'nn .... r.ff!tl·

.,ill, c1tpetICtl"llt ui~tI'noe as "ey J'OI'........ .'or it hit,·

~n 'rroml h. it. pLlce that •• lIe".m .. ki~ ftf eft" •

• ""11 or .... , 'dI'lh"" 1II.ter~ l";neil,1e (""'feh) •

.: 'llCr- WI m y :u'mir tfa" po5.'ihiti'1 Df ig "e"Y e.i"ar-8

in IOlne rortion of 1M rnu-ln'iola of the circl. n( fter.

nit"

•

.'

.... =iL M.J.', .• ~ .r..~

... _C

..

-·IIIIi.-.....1.n_ ... __ .... _Slllti.l··.L--.J;;rIlll·

I!I.L' __ _

]1b

•

.wty. Bnt fbill ~.ft ha,e Me~nft ent, tn tl"lllpnttt:

tltenee. No" Int .... Hge..c:et, in conlt"q"eace ortheirt,,,

elependence, are free ft_ the ftIfettinn. nhnne ~ {M

what is clllled tempo",. can e&ilt ouly ill tillie, _""It it

a portion· of the rr..,.,.lation of sh. higl_ eplatrc I

,.herens the being (tf Intelligt'ncel il nQt COIII.er.fed ".,.

time; and to ascribe eKi"'enoe in tinw to the Fir. tn·

telligence would lead to reuo.-iftg in a ·eircle; __

ill tbit ~iAt of vicw, tinae would be dependent til the

Sphere, wblJe the being of the sphere is depet,delllOll

the being of the First Intellil!ence. A nd the demOllbinding

prophet has many proofs '0 the sanle plIr.-.

1'be l"ophet who adorns -the worM, J~ni5hld, bilt

• boqk called Fer4dn"lIf'mmd ( the SIII)ernat EIhetlte).

III that mighty volume he IfY" Shet Bchram .aid U\\tG

JDe;

11. The Sphere hath an ac~ive soul~

COIiMElITA.Y. '.1'he .a.n-.adorqt4 prophet Iles\

..,., that tbe Ipbera pouetl lUI ~\depcndC"," IOU' wbich .

ltI;lkeS them acquainted wi til dl~' 1IDiyelli4=' for U1'J

poueu ~he

quaiily of revolviat t ... Y~UDIII'J orbit:

... KJ whatever eojo.YI that quaJity mUlt 11.'"0 a tiOwth.,

c~mpr,?helldl the Unlvene. "'or it is to be obtielyet\

tt-at if ll,e revolution qf ~e .phaa be ~ol v ..' .. ntary, ,e

mOlt necaqrily either be iovqlu.atary. (lhampuri) 01

~Pntl (l1laoCi)~i): &lld it can ~ _either• For tbe .pbcra

r~vo've iq a IpberW:al CQune; .,.d wbatever DlUvel iD

a IIph~r~Ci.l orbit for ever, mqaf. lead tC) .. fi&cd objec&

lUid again desert it. N~1t" •• their motioR natural, i&

. wo~ld ne~essaril1 follow U_at tb~ .... ,o Uau.c. .AI at onc.

eourht attd shunlled by nature; .. ,et it it ullllecCIN'1-

"aM- word. in expoling the abiturdity of luch a ,upe

pv:;jlion. Ag~in, tbat tue heaveuli do DoL .0Yt; by allY iIh

.. ,\,oh .. WI

.., ....... .#IfI"*'-

- --=:'';

f

~._~_-..

-". . r r-.. '" ...

l .. _ :> "'_ 6.

~ _ .::. > " .... ........ ~

--

-~ .. -",..-~ - .-...--- -- - -.,;. .. -.~

~ -

IUET S-AIAIC· •• · RRIT.

1ft

......., '(......,,) ..... pIllA ...,.....

.......... ". ilDGI.iDD· ~ .......... fl •• i., ..... ,.

__ ..... ,.. ...... " j' .", ... ., U ..... .,.. ..... t ...

• l".~flIJ ..... lIOt .... eeI b, .. ' .... 1 in ....... .....

lftIMIeney, it ....... ,., ni_t til ....... r it "-r .. -

liel) kwolunt.ry. fer _ .Djeati", ... , ..... a1lllD~

"'ef. ...... Wriet, "Il¥e ~ de .... tirliett' .....

faull' ,he ~., ,..ion 4If..,., .a.e....

.p_ IU"UI knows that tID Me em C!fJI1I..,.iGateJift-

-.o11wa....' acU ... Ie ..., olher; .... • e. .phteilt&

,itu,*d u .., I ........ ..reet anMh.... And arakl.

i. _'*' ........ he·lIWMioa of all tt. .,he .. ,"auld hi

in.oIl11ltary, f. the -pteIIin: of iayolurafaty ~

.. 'ave ·pIace;intlodl.-.m'.,. ...... of. ho\fr~ •

..... i. ,... aod ItfOi'ge~ lb.. that ot t.e ...... Ret'

"'" ,,,d ibeM i. M Md, ftOM lOal i.latge" ~ ...,.

,.,..&1 ... .a tftt e&ul of tbtl aplaere.t ~.

-.11Ce j& foUo.,. thllt the frotidA of tile .e.~" &f ~.

yens il not· in".tlt.rY. AM, ~ ~ ctDIMM"" ~af b..,

por" ...' ,be 'J(li,eral tp~ "'auld -.•• I,ft tn"epa

....., 109', aad 0 .... ,.tiqn Rat; It ,...".., that t,,'

..... ..

-~.

.... u.. af til, lJftWey8~ a.feU _It

· at.. .aft PI,. ..

~

'f'OlQft~

th~n· or the ep .. ~ ""'..

rl. it

:fall~' t\ .. t"t!1 mutt "a18 acth. IOUl~ wlHuh ean'

OIIIl,...I .... ct U,e oniTote. FM i" all .tJluetar; ftlotieq

it it teq-.Wite ~'l lUre tb6l\td f)e " ftioti\'e, __ ebjecl of

,..... il, ~.d .. 'mag desired"; Chat the agent, ~te4

Iu' ,,~. dott ••, objetl and dealre~ Ma'·ullClerukre ••

..,so"u...,........ And thit .oti.e· otQll~' he 1\lPPl"'t

,,' an, fbMe bfidtlpatieft, or ., ., tJQ4il, fIleulttll,

" •.,r.'iCb ~ftl on" *par~te "mea aa4tqw. .. t

~ n •• iD~ Itcan __ •

•

J7t

THE BOOK or

for ...... it dilcoYereci b, .. a .. ef th hldi1,W.

IieI ia pM'tial J and "h~,er .., cu.. that ....

in tbe being of a thinA' i. partial or ioGaI, which ....

• uily .uppoaes liability to change aDd alteration, "t

thing must nece.arily be .ubjec:t to chan. or rmI,- .

tion. If. tbereforet tbe final motive of the Itlion of

daclOulaofthe be.lvens in their 'O.Ulllal)' eelioDt.1ick

produce motion,_ were lbinga diacovered b, bodily rae

clllties J then, ofa certainty, the coone oftlae __

could not f cenai.tent1; "ith . alICia • supp.ilion, ..

e,er1uline or uniform, 10 a. Dot &0" IIIbject to be are

fected by anI cbanae or alter .. ,ioa. Heaee ........

tioM mUit have been produced b,lft uaWaited kan·

Jed,e that comproheDds unlimian objects. Aad, if ...

iI uodentnod reaide in the uadaundiar ~ h,. &be

occupation of place nlCeuaril.1.aplJOHI, in the ..,.

of the occupier, a proportion cotnIp4mdin, ta tile pIIC&

occupied, it caDDot be rightll applied to mattlll"

thinga that are, ill tbeir nature, unJililited.

The hea,en., IGe, beaidei ba,in,lOula that...,..

bend tbe UDi ,erie', tbe relatioll of wltich IOUIa II u..

apbHeI, corrapondi witla tbat of the actire toul"-t

Jike"i .. posHI8 bodily faculties called B..,.,,· ....

t.he.e BMtlAr. tbelluelveI, by mea&W of -.-_

and conception, become too original Belt III die ,.mil

motionl exhibited by the heaven.. for ani,. •• tao .. ·

ltd. it Dot filled to be 'be' oricia .r panial ud liIDil·

ed motions: lince the alrection of uniw ...... Dowleet,.

iI equal tewarils aU if' pnltiool; an4 hellCe il it ......

• itt', wherever partilll amI local motions ..., &Itat ah.,·

should be derived frOiIl and IlIpported bl panialaacl

Iocel knowl~d,e, which can be fecei, .. l MIl bl bodi-

11 organ!: and thelle r"CIlIricl in the '-ftD. OCC1IP1

. ,

SHF.T ~ASAN ,TnE ~lItST. 17'

tilt: place "hicl~ in IDen Mo ht"ld by conceVt.ion. 'And

. th~ rlClllli~ f!xisl in every' parto'II! of the heaYf'ri~,

~ince It simple boely i. not' nilill'osed of paH'I difl'trit\g

(rolO t:u;h other in IIwir nalllrl"." If, Hlttrt"or~, any 'Clue

faCility rxi.ted in one pInt or the fleBVenl diiFer.!nt fMI1l

what ui!ift'11 'in any other, tl,ei'e''Wotil.l, of COq'r~," be

vuiety "illt~l,t auy cause of va'riP."I):. The:;e 'PG"~

or 'ncnltit'5 theltfOl"e are !'}HCiuJ 'over aU the 'parlicJes

or tht h~l\vens. '. ;, ,;

A ntl the v~~tu~adorned-p, ophet say., in tLe Ftrad"..

uru;tnd, Shet Beh~a~I' l;:tid Ulllo me i

'

'.

,

11. The human Mal is independe,nt, indivj&ibl~,

without begin"''','g,or end.

eMUr EXT" n. Y. He n~'x lIi~ ,., lh~ 're' peeled and ae.

five soul it; fin inciepe!Jdellt ~nd s{illl,11' sut,slltn,ee, poi;'

lesSing the prnpt'lty' of he"lo\~it.~ m~li"n; iI, is called

man, alt~ hllked of ,as 1 lllni tliou. That angel hili ~

counex ion with hod r, the coimcxion' of w:aCch i ng ave;

or tltiD~ing for' it, but withou.t 'pt~ndratiltg the body

•

or being "mixed with it. B~uc~ we sa, c1i;it, to One' ,,1.0

at(~ld. to, t.he undcntantling, tlie c1eare'll of D.11"th1~gl

is hit own' e:liK tenee' and reI lily ~' Rnd the cJrellnle; in

.leep, t~e dr'tJQken mall dorin, intnxication, lie \';b~ i~

awake "u~inip his wak,ing, the ',u~bcr ,man "'J,h!~ 111 t

itate of sobridy, may' be ignorlliu of Bny f"h'ingt 'd~~

fint carm'ot Or. ig~ora.ni of or uMcq,iRii,tecf ,fiii. hii

own rxilllencr. 'Ht>llce \\'C need ,",0 pr()(;f.r e"ici~nee hi'

~r~(;·. ,'own e"!ilit;:nce~ F or the pn,.,~rty ot .. 'p\oof ts

'hal "it he .. middle' t~rm by which lhe enqli'ir~f 'mlly •

• rriYe nt. ''!'hilt'' be se

, I

•

r -. -.

114

•

1r • , .. ,',

~r ~e4iu&il.bet\\"e:n a lingle indiyidual, and aelr"oil~t

merely !!ome (0. ~~lf, at'll' always be placed by sclf.

Hence .~t is impr~p~ alld. absurd Lo attempt. pr~foC

'&W= .e~lsten.ce of one'. sl'l~ •

., Sjn.ce then you .~i1.ow witb unerring eertilnty tbat

"Q'ur~ yOt~rlelft we"na)" vt"ut'ue to affirm ~hat the Soul

is B .• u~~tance n.ot anacc.i,lellt. _For .. ~~ ~U kno\f tha~

whatever posseasel being, e.H'ept 0111, the 1)uly Yezd~nt

i. ~jth~r aU.bstance or ac.:cidrnf. ~ lid wherevet I be·

ing"depends on a~y 'tb;~~ 'diti~rent - fro~n itst"lf, lbat

other is necesldrily in i lselr" j/l{lepe~d.,"( ~i if. As fot

e:ta'mp)e~ the furli, of ,be lbt.dnt i1.de~Dtlent on lht et·

iSlence of theg.oK} ;:f9r.if.th~ gold bad ~ es"t~~ till

f~mD of the gold COI!J,t have nOlle. Slich esistence, it

~al\ed ~ubservie,~t 'antl (Jel~dnd,·~t,

afld in the crlestill

i~lIg~e,tawer ( or ac~.iie~~.). A ~Id were it not ~ b.

been expl~ined, it ~o.uld be indepenltent, and self·

~!~~I~ ~n its ow:'" being,. ,,:ithout dependence or reliancc

~Il a!lY I~hipg .t'h~ th.llt ~OI"ters firinneli~" Ii~ch as.!o~du

bas alr~~1 bten explai~f"d, .and ~hicl~ iaal tlley.call

IlIi,lIItance, or i~ the celelitial tougue f07-6h'er-

, . : . ,. t

'. rlleae l1"!a~ters ~I\ v ing tti ill been t'J( plaiucd iD detail,

, . ~ .

jt is.,p,IR.!D th.at ( tai!Jtr .or) accident is a propelty super-,

indllc~ on 9~ ~eccived from ~onleihing dHferent frolll

... '. '. .'

it.elf, ... I)~d. whicb last mentioned thing !!lUll! be indee

Penj .• ~~, aqd st~bl~ of itself, ill order tliat it may be tbe

~.ccip~~nt. ~n~ .upport of tbat '~ent {or ttJltJQ ~

Th~, ~"btitallce, mao, it the recipient· of ~rccplioo lOll

le"'~~QJ ~n'd tig~r~ and notions are ~~awn ~pon it, and

.. i~ erazed Qut of it; a properly wbich 'docs Dot bI",

100.1 1.0 a9~lJen~ ( or ,~m,1r ). The loul, ther.(ore ean-

1)01 he an a~ciderit; arid not ht'ing an Iccil.iClIl, i& ua~

Jlt&;~uarill be~ a BubstaJ)

SHE1' 8~AN·TgE FIRS1'. ~7S

:0" 'Xgeitt it may be' allit~ed 'U,iCthe ~~u, ri nOt I)~dy;

'for the lrady is ahvay.' ~om'p~ed or ptrt~,

and {nay b.,

divided into ,ery sniatf and niidate' portions, ana ihii

"'fo such Ii dt'gree 'th:at''''~eh "wlleri,liit cah mf)onger be

tiivlded or cut hy:~:'~)lite;:(t'r'S"'Dnt o(\tfe'fike, yet rea:'

-.ou·' tells u. that 'ii is stiW di viliibte'. ' 'For; if threeRlI~

1l~U;

parts he·vl.Ltid~(de·~h'dt~ii;alt(f irthe pili

"-lilch is in me'rhidJfe' p'teVellt the two \ pal~i"\Yhi'Cll an!

~n .. he two aides -fr~' meeting togetlier~'atl;d beii,g 'fA

contact with each ortler, tbis middle pi~e rDU'st evid-ent-

1; have two side's, one t~wards the piece"Jn the right

aide, anei the other' in Coutict 'wirh the pie('"e oll:\he

left iiue; and eacll or' tfiese "two' oodic"'oo th~ sidt!.

flu als"G two silles, tlbe 'side touching the 'iuiddle picc.e

.no 1M lide on me 'o('positc Clirection;' 'and .... hatever

.La two sidell, and is susceptibfe of b~lng~ ap~ied t~ auy

tlling ell', ii ui\'islb~.· Btit:lf the pic(.'e' 'in 'he middle

O«~red 110 C'esista1)dt"; sO "(llil the t ~;; side ~pieces were

to meet, illen' riotlii'igco\ild '\ illletv~e ; "'land froiD the'

Illeeti-n~ ~of Ulese' 'uyo," ~I,t're Wduli) , ~h:ftie il CoJljU',~ctiOlt'

80\1 a connexiotl; "h'creas a mllrullr~eaetralioll of tw'a'

tiOcJ~es it ah~inlp6s~~b~IIY.; !~i!i?g ,ilni'~~ 8~R,'e olle, t~i.~~~

ol1)Y rean exut sf once in one plact>, il is' i!1'polilllble tJlllt

''''0 tlih'iM ~ho'uld

txisll!t'one tiUlc"'in the UlDe place.'

f'oT, i· : is'jli~t as 'f~"whell \)'H! "'as It;ttlt;g if I' a' plll,c'e;

• aDolher ~.'e

tl) ('OIDe and sit d(hft} on rtte 'sa;ue 8{'or,' '

1~t '0 ~; ROC to ~ni:'o~lI~o"e tlie: fir';t' ~r: 'pr~lill hilD~ aud

In ~,,~h· io', L thnt the tw4) IIhout(4 "II",e 1'oom' ellougb,"

jUlt in 'he '" IDe 'way a~ "I'tl~ Ot.e' had, :at '(lae~ ~me lime:

tLat'lhe pla(!e' had' bot ',been" al Illt ~n~rea.sed

iii lel'gth,

lire;ldlb,' del~lh (~r 'CapDCily, \~hi~'h rs 'absjll d.:' ,I ACllce'

#fiiy co!iipcfund! ~('Y 'IUtillt be: "u'~"p;i?)h~ of J!"'i>'UII;

aud 1'if"Y UUII& U.IIllt:.iul, nhkh ~1I4UU'U' Uf' lilllipo:ne'J-

. ~

by

.,

TH E BtJOI< (")5'

hy body, 15 in like manne. subj~t t«) di,i.viea: linee

the divition of plltrf illlplies tfu~. divilibilily of wblt i.e

in the p"'Ct~ .nd occupit'!.the lpa~e.

We lIIay Ilext affirm, that the distindin tJSenCl! ct

unily' ill indivilliuJc, and hItS no (I'vi~ioas, pari. or portio"l.

For to conl;c.,e it I. divided into parts. would

be mere (lIllCJ'. aDd irna,ina1ion, n~t rf!'ffm: and ~I~a&

doe. Ilot adluit o,r divisiun can bave no p'ace", what

admilJ at" division, ,,,d l'amlot be .(:OI'llai.ned in ii, .'1)1

wherever a .tbir:-g. is di., i,iblc ~lId; '~j~~l' ef beiag di,id·

ed, as time and sp.tcr, yon. may. of cOllrsr. cOAceireitll

b~iDg divitlt',d or s~p~' :t,rd. But no iO\"\Iec'nal nOlioft

is liusc~pfibl~ of divisioJf, or ~parlti~fl. W'lI'Ace iti.

plain thHt the lonl is &imp)~ "nd not malelLu!. Forth.

• • I

- ,

•

'0111 is- -the s~,at of the tS5enc:e of uni ly, tnd ,"al Men-c I

of unily re~ictes in it: HDeI if"nft1 "frio a "~ly,orbc·

loaged to 1>ody" tb~n. upo.· alty di"i .. ion of' boa1or

what belong. '0 bod)" the .iml"e tlseftce."~lJld aI.o,

offteceai'y, be .divided ; "~,n~ that .hi,h resul .. in Ihe

portion that illepClr&lr.d, must, in Irlld.~ ruide in that

frHgmenl, not in the total; ~Ild,,, he'oner any thinl

reaid~s in &he whole, thal wbich ,Hid... in. ,arh part it

distinct from that which resides in anv other' pari;

whence would neceslSaril, e'D!me .he di,illion of that

which resides in place •• And bence it "clear .'~~l tbe

.oul must ~ simple. .

]n the next place we Rllert that the aefiYe !~.nl U Ill'

tieot, A9t ne\\ ly . created or prq

•

'SUET SASAN TlIE fiRST. 171'

'. . .

. We Dext .ay t111~t the BOul is stable, ~. oa the 4~

"ructio~ oftbe body, d9CS not suffer simila, decay t .bu~

iemains eternal. For ~hatever decaJ' mu~t, ~efo[e. it. '

decay, possess a sosccptibJily of decay; and 'l~is susceptibility

mU6t reside Fomewhere. But i\ canpot ~~~

Jat iq the essence of the thing wbich~. decays; sillce trUt

pouib,i1ity of ~eCIIY mUS,t exist after its destruction;' an(~

tt is clea:r,tllit .t'he thin! itself does not ;~,rQain after i,s

destruction I henee if tbe 1~)Ul cease to exist, it neces~

aiit, foll,,~, thftt the place in which ~he 'posdbilit; of

decay resides, must be fO,metbing diiFcrcmt frQm the'SQo.,

~d yet that tiliDg, muSt be tbe essence of the sObt, i~

puler cbat. die pOSllbi,ljly of 'b"de&\ru4(ti. of the sent

may be perma.nent in it:, ~cause it is inco.p.sist~nt "ilQ

rcalOn,. that a. thing, different {I o,~another thing, shoul~

he theperman~n,tseatof the Pos$iPilit.1 of~~ay oflh,a.~

9lher thing. It wOllld therefore \,Revi\ably folio,\,( lro~

.,hi. reponing, that tbe soul, '''u a eompo~~~ ~ lIl~e'!

,inl _ubstau~e;. blit lamcien\ proofs of the ind~p.f'P",

dpce ofthe soul ~ maU~r have alreadx bee~ ,iY~, it

flust ~,ererore ~ etfruai.

~ And the S~ul i. pe~ane~t of i~ on 'tJ~Dre~ .... 4

~ai" by means of ill, Otg~lst; for it knows i_lf~ 8A"

ahit. ael,f,kDD"~lge it nner can reoeive through it,

.rga~ for then llle, would be the mediqlD, betw. 1,

.nd i~ eucnce; but, whatever obeer.~. ~ me.~s·of

orl"DI, 'eall conqnebend nei.a.er itself 'llor ,it. o~.-'

pm" AI the. 6ight. d~s not lee tbe light, ~~d Bofdfth.

"Sor~ye[ Che ,o~11 evel~ diic9ven errats. in'tl\e botIH.;

eeDlel, nnd "~r.l~eI" t,h4;ir t,rurb iroPl their errOl'~

• • Tlu·rr 1.'PeoU. to b, .olJlrll.!'DI dtCc«:tive Ol: ollliU,"

bt re in tht origi"al. I .

~ .

•'.. t, Li,~a:11' 1\,,,,, •

,

, \

, .

I

·

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· i

..-.....

...

118 . TIlE BOOK OF

"Hence it is plain that the lou1 doel not acquire thil

knowledge by the medium of these organ!. For bOwe.1

tbat be tal,en from It faculty which doe. .. not betong-to il;

, 1'he 50ul, too, is not percei ved by the bodil,lensa i

for they disco't'er lIolhing but body Bnd "hilt bfloagl

to bo.!y: and the sOlll is neither body nor corporeal.

And the mode in which the lou1 [lets by its inmumenll

is plain, as it perceives by its facu I lies,

•

SHET '''AM, TIt~ -FIRST.

lit

.~, and ~I eIMII~,oftbe So.\fI it'mdrt_ttaW.e tbaa

·.tbe bodily HDIeI: bence it. feelines InU,t.be mOle per

.. eDt tban tholl co~ .... nioa'ed 'lly tbe,body: becaoal 'I

.bodily facukiea seeand bow ouly what. iI :external and

"'D.ibl~t wherens the inteJlectqll1 powen are uerted inlemally.

ADd their perceptions are· more. perfect too,

'ban tbe percc;ptions of seole; beeau.le intellectual pCDo

_

,caplions bave r~ference '0 indopendent existences,_

.uqiver.-la, intelligence. aDd Yodin; wliile the per

,ceptionl derived .from tI~e bodily aensn' are Itlch, as .

. coloDn. liahu alld amells j aDd il is plain .that, of the

t"o cllSlt!l, loeb III are i~d~peDdeilt are tbe more eltulted.

It being establiahtd ~ba' tbe thing perceived, the act

of peroeplion and tbe percipient alc aU most exc:ellent .

in intellectual p'erce.pti~~., it (oUo•• that intellectual

pleasure mUlt be more perfed tban bodily pleaaure, and

tbat bodily pleasure is Ilot Co be compared to it. For

."'bat affinity have ideal received through the IeDIII

wilb independent existenoc., and especiaHl witb tbe

S~lr-Exislent ~ 'fho't, clau; therefore, which is mightY'

aMong the migb(y~ and fortunate ,:mong the fortunate,

thote who Juive reached the limits of perfection in.act aDd

'peecb, certainly attain the world of lights; and lower

than them 'is the fortonale band who bavihg"iodeea

. etcaped from the restraint of the elements, yet bave 00'&

attained tlle .open ex pan!t b( space frfe (rom pJace, of the

lDdepmdrnl, but reach, an 'Of tbem, the particular hel{-

. '.

Wft t. which tbey have gained an affinity: and all find

11]ealure in tbe eXCIlleut 'arm. and deligluful..q~alitieJ

ahat.exid in ,b~ soul of the Ipheru. And luch Il. h.yo

DOl escaped from .he thraldom of natural constitutioq,

bulwho I"'the llUIle lime ,havi a .uipasliOS ,eodoea,

CO

•

1

r

;

I

i

• ,I

THB BOOK 0 "

•

,0 from body to body 1:" a sflte of pro,g~iYe im .

provement, fill tltty reach r,he lita te of rr:Iruf'. And

this progresaion they coli frr.fr~ngsa,. Sn~h II hare

been wicbcl enter into t he ~dir of I'peectJiw aoimllt

eccording f~ their various di po Hiogs: and lhi'l IIley

call "."g',dr. And some ~oter info vegetab es, and III~

.. teTlgsdr: and ~omelim es 81lio they arc f~ .closed · illm i~

lI~ral!o, alld this is cullt'd sal- 3r)d stmgsdr. And lila,

.re the several dt'grees of hell . And tbe knowlfdge.a ,~

dorned prophet hath spohn mucb on this (object. On

this head J have IlQt written one of a thousnnd of the

words of that exalted being.

~rhere is a J;lopk of the cho en of the incomr:uablil

].ed, the venerable pro ptu~t and kil]g of kings, Peri·

·dfm, which is calltd the H u.neristan; in 'which he ~nyll

1 crt'pt out of lIle lower body, and I!ce.gded into lhe

Heavens; nnd in descending; made sonte enquiriesof

Tt-r ( Mercury), who g a\'e anS\'l'en my Questionl. 000

f)f ,hem i8 the {ollowing,

20. The heavens bave neither rent nor·

o ~ • • •

seam. .

~O~"E.NT,",RY.

The ve:ry mighty onu., , tbel1!.iife,

different quarters of Lhe Ilcavens,al it is laid lhal m b

"n one mo.ves to Buch! ~n .m:rl: nnd ~hat loward,.

which he moves cannot be l~l~ -soul of a no .IJ.ui'tenc~

~i,tlce non.el~lilY f~nno tb~ .the subject 9f indicatioli.

'fhis being e&tablilSl.1ed, it nlny be ,d ~l ed lh.ilt t.hl, Cbi!l:

called q,;rt. ~allnot. be a pur~ly 'Illellectlial no '~ ; on, iWee.

. . ,

• J haYe .. 1lor,.d rid. Srr> lrh 'l(ford . !11~ 'I.e o~ .h ic~ hu

Iken iUIiCIiOIlt',j ,.y ttlr a ll'tronty of lin rmirlen~ . "ri','" III ,

()rdrr 10 Itvllid Ihr cliruml,.i·lIlillll that WQuid ull1rlW I,t ,,,

lie," S.ary ,.he ~o .. ll'u I~ II.U II 'C lJi\:IQ,; liD. Ii II le ~ ~ffli '

.pulldllJj ~t:t JlI. ,) • ~ I (( "

Ro ! b ill~

-..

S8ET SASAN THE fIRST.' 181

Iiothing 'purely hdeUectoal can be luceptible ot IeDli ..

ble indication j and no motion can be directed to"ard •

• merely intellectual autence. Whatever, thererere ..

it subject to indication, ana lOch that motion may be

"irected toward. it~ mo~t be possessed caf 10Dle qu~ity.

But anytbing from which air' i. indicated, and in the

directio, of which it is Ie'~n, and "hence it is lpecia01.

noted, cannot be lusceptible of separation. For, u the.

lteiugin motion llioves ever tbe nearest parlic,le of llirt

he moat necesaarili do one of '\Yo thing.; he molt

either move 'rmn an flirt or tD an air,: from wbich kl.

lernalive it necaearily. follow8 thateDe particle of Girl

muat be the tolality of airt, which is impoasible. And

I. like manner' were it divisible or B( parable, motion.

might be directed towards "D-airt: that, is towards DO-.

thing, which la impo8lible.

1ft tbe Dut place tbe* Lord ( Kbawend) of lh.

Spberes mOlt necessarily be.a perfect and circular bod Yt

since the fixing the position of every thing depend. 011

kim'c and il is necessary tJlat he Ihol.l.~d. regulate lire

tlntre, not tbat the ce~tre should regul~,e him, OD ac

~ount of the luccession of eternal revoiutioIll on en~

'. I '. "

POlot.

I ,t ~. ..

\

\ .

It il necesaary tqo .that he be not compoun~d., ef

diWerent bodies, seeiu, diat tben he w,!~ld.~ .~i~~!e;·to.

composition and dissolution. And the Lord of the.

.. ~ ".

Splleres cannot be divisible, siDle were he liable . to di-

~.

'Visioll he .oat inevital?ly be affected by tw~ lIlotioP',

one towardi. beinr, and ene towards n~n.8~tity;. and,

',,"0 i opposite .hnllltaneoUI) motioDs are ilDpossibl~ •.

Know, too, that beat i. a power which .. pires to

ueeDd from ,he centre. that c61d is a pa,we&' . whb:11

• :Khll'Wlft4. 11i. NinLh a'l'l a or fcbcmtcn ......

•

fr"la

•

.. _.

~ . .~ . ."

- .. -.

:' .... .'

~

J ' •• ~."" '\.".(&:II. ... '. • .t

_~ ~AII""._ .......:~ ___ ... .Jj"

_ ~.!

182 'I'HE BOOK OF

from above stri vel to 8 pptoacb the centre: tbal heni.

ness rules over cold, and lightness rule,. over heat: .nd

tbat the Lord does not move from ahove downward,

nor from below upward, whence he is not necessarily

either heavy or light, hot or cold: that the molioD of

the Lord of the Sphere. is round the cenlrt', and 'ii.

. .

aspect is circular: for he is not compounded of differeAt

bodies, '8.1 of parts, that he should J ....'·e an upull

down •.

Know farther that whatever is liable to encreue Decessarily

requires food: Bnll whatever requires food

must be Iiahle to assume and Jose Its form i and haSi

lusceptibJity of divisioll or junction. Hut the Lon! is

Dot liable to encrease, and has no need of food, aod being

free from the neccs!.ity of taking nourisl~menl, hei

not liabJe to the assumptioJ1 or JO'lS oHorm. .

And the Yezdtinis call the Lord of the Spheres

Tebemten-. And the Almighty Just One has DOlcreal.

ed him of tbe elements: lie bas conft'rred being OQ

that blessed essence from anotiler IlUhstance which Ibty

call the fifth elemellt: and n8 change or ir~ur1 can

affecl him to ail eternity: and he i. the obedicntsemn\

of Y rzd4n, never' having in any instance ditobrytd,

from the tilDe without beginning when he was crealal.

The blesSing of God be UIMJIl him!

'l'be l'rophet of the incomparable Ired, 'Feridun, i~

tbeBook called Hunefililan+, haa many proofs 00' the

subject which I have touched.

The benevolent prophet Manueheher in tbe Book

. caUed the Danishaar ( or EiSenc'; of knowledge) say.,

Berjtsbt said unto me, .

* Tehemter, The ilDlt'!ense body.

t The Trealury of 'Know It'd gr.

; Tile &uudiau aOld of the planet JlJpiter. .

.• • '. ..':.- . j),

----~

'Z

•

SHE1' SASAN THE FIRST. ,113

. ,

•

2 I. The e1eme.nts, however mingled, arc

either per~anent o~ impermanent.

COJlMBNTAR·Y. It i. to be observed that tbere .ro

f ..\.Ir ~leDtCnt8, the pOlli,ively li,bt. b.el.and dry, ,,1.icb.

ia fire; the c:omptlrafively light, warm apd moist, whicb.

j. air; the comparalively.htnv" coM aad mowt, wbich.

is wafer; nDd the pPlitively hll\VY, cold and dry, which

i, earth. The \Valer iI of the shape of a ban, the balf of

'i hich being broken .il filled w.itb water; 10 that the

water Bnd eartb together .Co~P06e oue ball. And al

the elements penetrate into and affect each otber, a IOrt

of middle nature is produced "hicl~ is called constito.

tion or temperaIDellt. If a. body that il united with a

temperament has tbe probability of lubsi4ting for a

protracted time, and of retaining .ita c:ompound lub ..

Ilance. it is called permanent or perfect; if not, thell

imperfect or impern\a~ent. And' among the imperfe~t'

,.ompoonds are tht midtl1e existences called Nhrer-e ..

Ni,,'4r (meteors of the air): for air mixed wi,b. w.fu

is milt; and· fire miaed wi~ earth, smoke, and .. socb.

like. And there can be nQ .. tempegaruent 'so purel"

f'quaJized that the elements in' it should be exactly equal

in quantity Ind mode. And in proportion 81 temper.

ament more nearty approachet equality, dlC ~oul be

Itowed on it by the originator' of being i. more perfect.

'J'be objects of all otben the moat remote frOID equality

of temperament are minerals; then Te~tablea j aC.

ter them, moving tliings and mnnkifld~ And, in the

view oCtbe intflligenf, these ,brte children partit.ipale

in the attife 80u1 of the Universe. AI to the fout eft ..

me __", tbe ilhlstrjo~~ l)f0l)~', in the ~cnira~le volume

caUed Oaoilibsar ( or' ,b~ eSl~Dce of kuowJeda;e), .,i\·:CI.

,

lIlaDY

'J

'w t st

'b r -._

THE BOOK OF

many proors and iUustratioos, and offers manYoblmi.

tions on tbeir creation; composition and decompGIitiOll;

;,bieb we abstain from repeating, as oilr intenlioD jj

tlJd every oi'Ie should not be able to perose the tpeCI.

lationl (bisAllr) which I have wtilteri on·the DeMdrJ

and this translation sbol1ld first bf all be lead ij mrt

Yezdani, (hat be may cOmprebend a IiU)e of tie Mod

JQlt and of His Creation.

22. Let us ask help of Mezdam; tbeSelf·

existent original Essence, the Un~ompol1nd~

td" the Cr~ator of qualities!

28. 0 FerdinAs, son of *DelWentis!

24. I have chosen thy service;

~5. And; on thy account" have overlook·

ed the crimes of the Hifasis. .

2 O. Certain] y I will raise up m1 favoQr~

ed one;

Plllt!lIAN NO'I'E~

'lne .Kin! .of King', Amtlltlt,

21. from dut Elf you" that ~e may assume

the government. .. ' ,

28. And be ye rulers ~.,er tbc. iobabi·

tan '8 of t he earth;

. 20. And let the sOTereignty long remain

among you.

30. Now I.have . made, thee a rerl wise

prophet;

31. And thy £on shan lee that exalted

personage:

. .. .

'It AZt'r.u.an, !lOll 01 I bab. P~.

31.

[StlET S1.SAM TltE FIRST.

]BS

3'2. And:, for thy sake, the kingdom shall

enjoy prosperity;

33. And thou art the prophet of the

w·orld;

34. And I have sent thee to all mankind;

85. "And thy race shall publish thy faith

in Hiras. a~d elsewhere;

, .

. :l~. Fot' they are,thy vice-gerents;

-17. And aU of them shall be good and

.

pl0U8. .

38. ltIake thy heart' joyful, {or I have

gran ted thy desi~e.

GOIIIIBIfTA,llY. It il to be remark~d that wben Se-

. kuder conquered bin, 8AII4n the Ion of 17 arab retired

before his fathe,', brother, and went to Hind; where he

Qercised the wonbip of Yezdi. in a cavern. YezdAn

leoked upon that rxalted per.onAge.~th favor, and selected

him for praphecy, and laid:{ F~r thy sake have I

forgiven tbe-lilll of·~ If"Aois, of which Ihe greatest~ was

tile murder of DiA\b. And now I will raille up one of

tby relatives of the Kyni rac~, a man upright in word

~d deed, that be may aaume the 't)v~rnment of th.

kinlcio .., _10 YOII may h. delivered from those kinlp

tbatare on enfY hmd t and may ~cape from subject~nt

and the chief. of the world lubnlit to yoil~ sway,

'I in former lirnes, and the sovereignty remain long

~0Il' you. Thy IOD "ill see that kihgdom.gralping,

lDonuch t and mllke tbe CO'lDtry.of·cilies populous

tbrou,b thy excellence.' 'l'boll ~rt tbCi prophet Gf th.

•

• lr~ll.

Pm.

. earth,

,

-- ".

earth, and ·tbee have I sent fal lhp ddh",...f ettlle

earth. Thy SOilS will spre,d Rbroad, over. leAn Iflel.

other retrions the faith acct:p:ahle. to Y ezdA'l, 'Whi~b i"

t~iflf! : and tht, will he perfect, known of\"t~a~,wor·

kers of miracles, and muter. of r~oDi'tg

altd ar,,~

JIlCJJt~

And "llell .his «"lIalted propbet dit;d in ~lincl, hetlad,

alion n.amt'd .JtwallllAp, who ia known ... tb" ~

AkrsLAa. and r.elel1?h~ hi, re~~ talbt;r ia.know-,

ledge and practice. H!e, by tJ.e direc\ioD~ of t.he i""'-

triou. prophef, t.be mighl, A.enAIAn. .. tnt to kabul.

i~lln.

For Iht V,op"~t. of, ¥ead4P had lIid "Illo 1Iifi.

Find out Ardeshlr, of tbe ~ qf ."""0, aM d,aa,er

unto-bull my 800k. ArdealJlr ru)ed aJHr40 i-. tbe ....

of that per.on~, and" ~ a. ckeam, taw the mighl'

SA,in, wh" infor.ed. "i,a of the .... eaa4 eOlfdilioDot

the 1If:('Q,Ild ~l.' tn. A.niUUlled by the hopea 10 _ ..."

tbe K IIIg of I. ~ ~eat te ¥abuIW~, au, af.Cer a IJIoI.

,aDd Inti f:afiea, baviq Iw:ceaded ilp brilJ~i. that w.

ed being to tbe pr~troPl reaideoa of; j".kt.ar~ ~ •

. ('cnstru(:tc'd na. immense- mODAl.", "'W- ,.~It. the.

1i,IIres of the Slab, ud ho\,u., ti,e ..... ples 011 diftm\

akles, and BISig-ned th .. ~ ,1or.iOUl pe ............. Iioa,

there'. A ud trom ,lial lime ~).O'll.'" tIIa.l ~ ..

I.

of r,.)igiou20 hOWiea df.ptladf'd 011 .... d~ ••.rIb"

mighty pwphet; .nd by ID~D' fir foil..,." of..,

IiIlCcf'l·or of die reverf'Dd prophet, .1(' t.e kinp e( tile

hahitable world become Iubject (0 Ard .. hlt, t" liar

of kings.

ag. Let us ask aid frolQ Me~.d4""

eli&ting ES6ef1ce, uncompou.aded, the Artiflcer

of qualities!

t.e self ..

IUET lABAN tRE ~IRST.

(JO ..... TAftT. ftroaglli'" Essenee~ .

40. Stabliab tbe faith of ferzabld

eo, •• )fT •• Y. Tbe 8KP_OA which 1. ell.f·: y wbere

... b, V .... , '. ~lilh the f~itb of the G,r.t A,.

bid", duel pat l1J~an th~t the religioll w~ formed b,

4bld! To 1M it i, clear ih. it may be denominale.

the fail" pll''''1ing·~o. Y ezd_n, Bince the rai th whie4

.,... to Him "'~'J be pleasing If) Y ud'~. Thi. f.Lith

aeceptab'e to Ye.dln WAf r~yea~~ to Ab&,d by the

f'e8~ Teiid, aqd ill thi- f_ith did.U lhe prophet

~e; I"d the doctri., Qr Abld· are no~ only pleasing

tQ .¥ ezd~, btrt ~10Il1 to Y od,n, And 1" adln nelor

qverfpnD t~il f~itb i fAr I ch..-ge qf ·qrden pro ..

.,ed. rr ... fbe .d~ i1Jring..-"pew,d ~ hil lint Qr'!'

der., "be,... P"'~ kqqw"ctp c:u ,iTe. DO order fJf

"hieh i~ cut '","lit, Apd it cannot J¥' ."adpd *at ..

..rtferen~ ~nQw'~p' i, requilite for diftereQt' ti~eI, seeip,

thaJ ,oqd kQQ1fled.ae aqd .ctiQ1l are CQ~lnendable

at aU U"et; 1pl&1 not",", is delimble ~ut wba~ i, righ$ •

.,q" hQ riP- faitb lb.." II.il ~n be givell, ... ill nideqt

I. 'he rair eftqMirer a"d sedu'loul ipv~fig.tQr i

,ad Y~ ha fife" m.nk~qd a faith to which tllt'1

ml,.,..," at ." MUOnI. Whe" a Ve~dAni ia a,ked.

What iI ttae flilith 1 fa ..... plt Inlwer, The fllil~ ICc,pt~

able ~ V ~n, Ot', I ~~ • Y,ad_n.. Bq', in circum •

... ~ in which lhere " r~'), tb. colu:ealmept an4

lriding of hi. f~itb U Dl"cessary •

.. i. ~nd' now le~ file inforD\ ~ wba,

tbilles Will bef~1l llJiln~ind ; •

.f2, ~n4 do thp&I .nforaa. thy Ghildretl

t Fer :bld, ", __ bU ......... bAd.. "lit, ,1M

Or~4*

tbat

\

"

••

l88

TilE BOOK OF

that they may warn themselv.es and the

good, of these dreadful calamities;

43. And may shun th~se distresseS';

4-1. l\Iany men will ar.ise and from them

Biras hath nothing to ~read ..

CO~I31E~1T A RY. For some est!lbli~hed a code 0{ Lan

among the ·,sIIOodyirs, and .ought precmiornc:e amoor

thllt dilllB. Thneafter there "lUI a Mall who called

them aU unto him and .aid, I ~m the Ion of Iezdb.

At lengfh tbey slew him, and therufter bis re~igiODlai

puhlished: And, at tbe preaent day, tbe HdoW are

of his faitb.

4fi. And a man will come, who winlead

astray, and-falsely call himself a prophet;

.046. ADd will not save his' life from tby

men.

COM"ENTARY~ He her. mean. Manl the painter,

",110 came into Iran in tlle time of the king of kiogt,

the ~mperor of em perorl, the slayer of tbe TaRs (A.

rabi), Ardeshir of tbe race of Shlpur. He IlaJ I book

in which were innumerable figures, Bach u, a figure

having a man's body and elephan,', bead, ~ 10 follb.

And he said, these are cdeslia~ angels; Iud he gm

permission to slay harmless animals, and deemed·itiadispensable

to abstain from women. The emperor Sba.

pfir was the disciple of the second Shet SWn, and bad

learned his knowledge from that Sage. He enquired

of Mani, Whit realon can you have for killing banD

Jess animals and for abatill~nce from women? Mllli

* The J,bAdi, or Yck6&ti, or J..n. Whit CoDo," .nuda

to Cbrist.·

,

T,.",

IDIwCftIII,

, ,

'.

IlasftreCJ;:tD oidet1 tiaat .b1'm.Ulfm811ie1im~vediwIlY;'

SHE'f SASfN Tfli!~,jRST.

IIid IIfMh' pure .,tat; iiea~flot. their' i\~pUre' b:idies'

and ntaID apiD '0 their 01l'n proper abode; ancftti.t¥

GU'tIe ~' .'y,&1- "6~ IMIIint: ,man ... Ana abe

~~)~ ... , wr,~"'~ !.~c:d, ,tbJICP,' ",,,",

race may nOl be P~P'~t;~ JI~~l ,outs }n,a~ ~ot~41

from their own residence into thil defiled alJ()ue. KjnC

Hapai rePlied, Ho. can ('il~ .uls of all')riri1ritir. esc111*

by mean's of tllia b:untiag 'arid:slaug~ter,:' .liice· ,"

pA1i6il of 'animal.. 'hitting Jife Ir;/ 'Pf~UCed' .'itho"uC:

.puIsHon,

"th

as mo-quitoes !Tom 'thti'leave. or':ned,'.~,d'·

Hke: aud" ita tlu~'shn\c manD'er'oth'er~ir Iu~h a/'

SiS,"re produced :,u'their season,

fl~W"tlin th,,~ be'

l'HIoYed' aWl) . Iud,' ddtroyed 1 Th'e'rei the air, the'

• r

w", the tarth etnnotl*: ~moved aw~;Ya"d how cali

.cli, lOUie 'as are anirra wid. vegetable. nj}~ .. iner.'s be

..".faced trom them r Y'o~ 4!hjoin loci to' keep far tior,,:

1nMDeD) I W Ii at dOe. if avail tn keeJl aWa)-from women;'

if dIIite 'doe.not for.ake tlMf:hlait 1 ' 'Bul LI,o.e 'iouls of

which 'V0U' buve' 'poten, r:w~'" they tttuth. id(b the

hdi~ of mtn an d att "en, 'are frted and rise ,into hea. t

Won l and it the face fA iman 'cfeeai DOt teD,llllle to exist,'

~ .. bat bettower of ftre40iii'chi. tbe)"1Je .l1lea, A& the'

coo.ersation drew oot fnt6 It\tgrh, Shl~r iaKl; WI.ich'

vf the two is preferable~· deadlation 0";' populousness t·

Nefti an,wered, 'The "So\inlde of bOdies ia tbe popu.'

• I . . .

leN_nett .f.out..•'SfI'Ip"r Rid, Ten me iI.etl ; . Would'

aile ala,., of .e

be-•

.arce or popnlousriea or desO- '

latloll' P He ....".ed, It "'auld b. tlte desobdon of my'

"'1,'8ftd the l)oputonsbesa- of DJ180UI. : ·l'he kin.f of

kiD" '.kI, AC;C:l)rdinr to th1 ,,"ord,' Willi' act hy thc~.

IN ...,. driYCD from thi forwDate aa.t~ly,' and

l I • '6...· j of ~."...1 • -\ • J

t i. e. MeaDi .t I.neil,_

I

&lae

..

•

~ .. :~; ~~ J¥l~~;.~ : I

t~e .,.a.f), ~.c~ll·1Jl'h. ,t~,. ,~~~, P,i.~

~Qd "tl. aI~ •. hi'Pt . _q4. ~~ ~b~ ~, ~a4 """" ..

lJ~tee,. ; i . .,' ,,;' ! ';

. 4.j. And! ag.aia I aDoth,ar .i .. ...., ,triI

tome and teach,.· that"'W'omea and propertt

~hould b~ e,nJoyed .1A'c~~~Qn. ".. .. :

..: COK.B~'T.Aay., Bith~ be W~ .., .,.... ''I'~''.

'fl't! (n fhe ~imc of,the king of ~i~l't. GhobU, __ 1M,

~lefoUlldrr of.~ ne" ~c~" H~, ~ug~t;, l~. is .....:

just tha~ 01l~ shoJJJdno& .alii,.. lnotbu ofth., ..... (4ith.:

a~)(r it i, i~~o~~ .lflat one believ.... ..~oplcl·~ ,.,....

~f eff~ti, 'wl;il~ hi~ fellow bdi,nr. is lIithou'~I.

It i~

~ec'~I~~t .. t~efore •. tb.t .b~5A. wllo art· ef.,

~me r.ith·lhollirl divide their w~Jth e.qqaJ11 "itIt

~~bel. N,,?.r. i. it .. seemly t.ha+ on~ I'DIJl abf._1d bave ...

.,ife . wHh ,~, ~ea~ tifol COQQ~¥,~ ~ ~"Ifll. .'1Ift

~"i~ 8JJ.o.~~I;~r:a)s. !1g\r. ~t. i, ~cl~~1 r..... .

ther~tBr~ th~l. ~v~ry ,~C~ ~rfOn Ihou\d oCOIl(JQu...

I, i. handso~~: wife,. for a tim~, to tlte. oUi,r. apel •.

t~at otbe.r', hj\'4;fA~Qu.R4. wife j.n t .. t~ra, ADd.,oeedy

m~D who c,ome frqm .t~e ~i~\~. of .~her "ings, for at ,hea,

tjlll~ tber, WII PO Ifegar ill t~Q COllotl'3 o.f lriD, c:11lll

t~ hi~ doc,~il)e,I: ... iuI. JU~:" 'Wer~) the al"v.oU ...,

~tacbed themseivcslo ~I im. ,N UI~ir"~, "'¥ d;spleattd.

I.', this inno\'atioq, for he. ~~~ .b~ ~be. d~pk of &Ill.

veucrab)e ~"~~Q .. , . And~

Iq~ ... ¥,,~ ep" a~ lM

disciples of t!le respec~ed S"~~,' ~~ a,cpp( ... ~ wi'

)Oh~d:tk, LHl thy con;vicie4 hi~ of ~ ~no"rot

in all' hit .lenets pnd iJlJlovat\o-.. 'lobe (oJr."•. in

.pecimcn '.e( .. lIe

.¥

4k~f.~·V .. a, ~ li.1MW~ _tl, ......... -dD

~qu ~e Rrl/Mr,y. ;D(II,,~ by ... ,.., of ~

.. ~q ... Lo.aflq""~r ,••, 1IB;tb JaaCi p.q Wou.ble abaf.'1it;~

sa_BT"~ 11tth,1art;:

«.; tt.rD; ll~d.6s,.zd~~.i J(.~. c._._lIabo .. ,1I

8~.ol &fO\\nd •. auCl lII_~r. it,.nqd,~'f1_, ... JI'l ....

• r~,\lnd. btloagJp ~~of.tlnb4: p'RO" t&.o b •• ~

IJ'l- lo~l io dmW0 " fh, g.~I~er} ,w~~t,OI~g~~.l~

be tbe retributioll on the alaver" M azdak rf'plied\ Jt

~'d,notbe.w~U"O:ilay hi~'i fbf'tlj~ugh t~lc! ~t~y.~~~~\.

awl, we should not~ NUlllundn nIdi 'If we do not ~lIr '

hila, be., till tm ... ore. is ft nest that ·one ~r t~ri":

abould be .lain? - lJe tben t:aid into ilim, 0' 'wi'ckid

Jll!'al T~":~w"k;b:t'oarbUt ~d,it deitrt.-oth".

of 'be lovereignty and government, •• weJl u of aU lIr~

d~r ~d o~ie~cet liD,~ it, wq~I~~,rlesfrol all ,di~i¥do

... among m~n, wo~~d .;o~er .\\Ilth ~arkn~ all r~la-t

t\on~ of ~~n,t, Dn~ eXlrac~i'Y~'6;~lld lead ~eq, to pre".

, ~~n 'each Q~b~r;tike ~ild be~~ AI l~e kina ~f ki~"'l

Ghobad, bad m~de an acreernent 'fVilh Nush.irwln,Jh"

imperial pri~Ce, to delivet' up ¥a~IJak. to hi'ni, '.j,f ,,~:'

... eru~ him 'in argument; the' king, of kjngl. ~Ow'

accordingly gm bim up to 'the 10GOg iUlperial prifa£e

to bring bilD.ttl;- e~. ' ' .... '. .\j", • : ~ .,

'Y,t8•• ~dlJ&r~,thy ''''''1 will .... n:.1beae

calamities (."awav,· J

-( 40. frhtifth.

oer.s. '. ,

_

:1. ,:' .,: ... ' •. ' i'; I. " . t

'.ese ~l.Iirte'ilsi~.: bec;oJe. ~v,ti;.:'

c1. '• ....... J.:, ••• .. _" I. ..... :'~, t. • '," .'

l.~ .... , • ' .. .: • ~. f r

.. ; ':.'. '". ,

,~~ Ap~.f!e~Ql,t,f~J";"'_J;inp. ';,::, : ~

~* Irlnla. 7",,~. ... .• ' '. '., ....... j.: '. /: '.; I

J. Co ..... r.lBtr.

I

,

"

em

....... ," '0'0

I

J

.. : tHE lOOX; or '.

~Oo •• BTA.T. In thte woi'clt He ims1fleprophet

... Dour-ace. For dJ11ake 'will J ftDOfe the' cabadt,

Gf-lubjection from the Jrfllil, ItDci will give them api

king. Dad exnlt la. roy II 1 religion. . Yet they .ill de.

tert. dIe road. And the w8nderingt of the bing fl'

oideat, for the, often re,olted front their·lings u4

passed the fire.,~ndl oter' the' eye; of Hurmllll,IDd

eommitt~ .imilar acts.' . t., , ' , .

61: . And they wH) embroii t,be father

a~d son. tog~tber.· . ~

~~~'M liNT ~A Y'. ~l'hi~ ~inh to'the ffc;t that Bell, .. ,

Ch~~in. I!t~ulk "I(~ney ill. Ute. name of.J'.~pNo1l Panez,

~It(t thereby uci~ lbe..jealous'J .c, dse JUDI of kiop

( i: e. , HurmaztJ ).

62. And slay the' kiags-" of~iDgs, mI'

Parvez. ".. ' I,

• CO~UiENTART. ·.At/lb~'~nlulppy 'perio~ i~ queitioll~

the hauis' at (he illbligalion ot Ferrukh-zAJ, ,that AbriJDan

in hUnm,,' shape, re~:oile'{~;om the king 'of ki~8", Illd

Jtllving placed on ale Kyanian throne, atio.ul.d the lOD

o'r tlfe kiilg or kings, ~cpar~ted the '"5~ul

of the lord of

the world, the' frieml of r eidAn; fro~ his' bod1·

" 53. :~n~ thei" 'will not heat the wordJ

of thy children who are my tongee.

·.VQir!llnl'Akr" 1':01' irbMeftr tliy ",~, ''&1, ;'1

apeak with my tongue. And duri,'g u, •• k:W( ........

actions of the lrllJil, t~. respccf,d ra\h~r of tile ct·

dile~ ~f"~flls' book, tbe f~uith Azrr 8bl.i, "sent epist\tt-·

to them to the fortnoate abode, but they heeded .heIR

not. And.at ~e,p«ieci o(:(he revolt;' be ~addi_''IIl

'!lillie to Bebrll1l Chobin, cbaIJio, hq n,'" &0 auact

ibt

*d

, ,

f.,.r4ee ff !Uio;,.n,rbllt" iii clid:-:aIota'Uedl'"to ....

On h,o o·~~~iO,n1t;,.o~~ ~f~the~.Md~~i6)!,~~ ,~~

Tf' .;nnd 'n~'~ ir~~ ,~~~t

his ~"~,l!!r~. ,:fr!?~ .~}\R\; ~itk:, ~~ •

.. rnIY; dlh he wnte 1l'trcrs to IJeln'm; ,..ho .oul~ not

f)~ey lI~tit; Iln~r :tettir.ied·'i'o't. an5\~r' t'd lhe 'Utter of i!.e"

.

't9istles; h \\·hJI1'IMf'ti'e1lttmot·aldJ"I.f~w.f Iiltjl h\

trul! •. I ~I~",.it~ ,h~JJtJ:e IUII~"I!I~~ho'. of'Teignlng

i,!~'l. me, ~'n w~r~:~" ,\~ h~re .. po~, .'~~c.. ,!~v~re~ ~~'~n,

b,ving bit re-;efttJltenllnnciled, replied; " Thou never

witt be' _4'li.;'fie~l wii Ii' sovcreigniy u'niil t60ii fiei-il fo~ :

wltcli. 'l·{~t.il\~) :Wh.fCh (boil" wilf fie.et: rt:lcli; ILllif'

until thon fil I r_:, qJT~er. a'fmrtqlian dtg'ger: U 'And'

whell they drl!gge,l L?arvcz from 'be throne and {nc

tlie ai~de,rri ro' tShiruJ'eh, ,~i~e$l?ected, ta~r.as ~c:11 .

•• the wr:te'r pf this ,pook sent ,hem epirt~~!.· Tbey

answered'; " tlJese m~!,~ .~~ .l~~(fI'gJJle. pat't DE their rc ..

laiions, rul~ we we'n I,DOw th'at ,no.bod,' ~ishcs harm (0

t . • •

M~ fricnJs .. ' ,8e:siu,r~, the, w,Qrld has brett ha,as8efl ,by

tou. One Behm;u,i dyniuJty c'amc.and ,!ted the throne;

3,id' in the ro:om ollbe PTophtti"catne another, !be

liOl\!~na.n'i of "be 'praplaetl"alld (IitlS dil*L'fed t:be sword \

a:td the governzmnt .lJetWs:eI~ CJtem •." lJ ptm. tlrhr, my.

resllecteJ li,llier Ci\ lied to,ether the grandees of l)ari,.

,

.f . ,

·5". -While: Ilhey at; o. '~nga'g:ed, the~

sbdl ari~e ~ . man 3mong the ,rrewaqis.

~ 55. By whose 'foHow.e~st tijediadel1l. anq

.. , . • .. • I~"" ... .. • ~ Ito -

the ~~rooeJ ' ~ d t~e gC)Vetr.m'enf~ ~nd t e

rel~gion sh'lll aIL qe . ove~thl'o~Il~ '

~6. ~nd th~ m.tgbty 8h~H '-1e - s·~bjected ;

tJ1. And instead'ofaq idol-temRle, o~of

the tire-teIl)pJe of tQ~ ~o~~e 'o(A-bad, shAJ

I 9' ''·

be , se~~ a placet t~ward ~-hi~~ pr~yer i~

direcled, but stript of its image,.

~ .... f . I ! .....

COMM ENT.,.ny. 'The house that ill among tll~

TULs

in the ' ~nd,. de!~rt of the Hafna~"' il" ; bUllL I.Jj Ab d;

h~ wlfich ""~re the im~~s ?.- lile 'i,rs ~ -(hat lJ ~ u e IHI

lIays; 'han become l11eplace towards whicTl prijyen art

• • ~ I .. I

~irectcd, a'nd tbe inl~geS shull ~ removed ~ro~ it.

fj 8. And a t~ und 1.5 ~ra~kis~ water.

50. And afterwards they .will subdue

tlu~ . fire-temples of' :t~ladir, and ,¥batel1er i~

in them, a~d '¥enfud anp Niwak,§ aDd th~

grea,t places. .

~o. And their Lawgiver ~ball be an doq-uent

man ,and h~s words involved;

61. Everyone may turn t~e~ to nny side,

t

4 TIIZ i l , Per,. They are tbe Arab ••

t l'h;. pma;tlt/,,,y of the orij!i," ~I)d progr.n of :\hhnlJl'·

d .111 m, "f tbe k,bl .. h, -ud or Ihe c:b".c", uf tb •. ptOp~ t!.

i . c r,llll nly iufficuwtly dilliuCI_ .

t Madllin,> Pitrl .

§ TUiI ,lind BIIJ ld.l~

, • • J. ••

Oz.

,

SIIET ~ASAN THE FI RST..

' )PS

~2t Anp that ~eljgion js a Ie, tb_~ ~

~empe&t~o~s OJ) e,e~y s~4e,

63:' So as to drown its oWn sbip~

64. ~fterwards they shaH fall out lVi~ .

~~ch otber, ,

65. And the wise, men· of Hirt"s aq,d

others span come ~n upto ~Qe~J

OQ" And th~re s~aJl ,ema~n of that faitb

p~ly.su~h a p~opor~ion as there is of salt in

fiour.

CO'~EN1'Anr. H~ mea~1 that ~b~ I,lni'speiug

lIothing left for it, ,han; u well as 'others, adopt the

re~ igion ~f ~he ~·.\Zilt and shall raise up IeCU, 10 tbut

among tb~ setts, there sball be left of that faitb ' only

I.

'.ccording to ~he vu tg~r ~xpreS5iQn, in the proportion (Jf

lalt to flour, be sufficiently explain ••

~7. In the sects' t~at shall fise pp, tbotJ,

sb~lt fin4 nothin~ of tb~t. ~e!igiQn b~l tile

~a~~

68. After~ar4s, tfle p~~u~s· ~b~11 co~e

~Jld ~rest the ascendency (ro~ th~m ,

Og. And thou shalt see ~hese sects exhibjt

~e fjre.templ~ ~~ t~e Taklisif religio~~

roo An4 the~r moutq. sh~ll ~ t~~, chi~ ..

pey of the;, fire-templ~.

ttTh'le D;mud., Perl. Tt'Dlud'n. are ceruinl1 tbe T~rt!l"

"lto han .trudy bctll frcqlAentt, ref~rrcd to.

t -r •. i, r~r'~ , . .

••

-' ~

- "

.. ..... ~·lf,

., ,. :Jr...-. - "

~, -, )

I

'rut BOOK (7'

71. And it shall co'me "to pass, at that

time, that thf'y shall talk. of Mezdam andt

:Berdam;

72. But they shall worship tarth;t

73. Arid day by day &hall hostility en~

crea$e among them.

74. Thtn shall ye benefit by it;

75. And surely if ther~ remaineth a single

inoment of the Grand Revolution, I will

raise up one ()f thy people;

76. And will restote to thee thy religion

'and honour;

77. And nevermore will I take away

prophecy and pre-eminence from amongtny

children.

78. An'd I will cause the §·He~ul'Dbs to

:flee from dread of you, as the'mouse ao'd

cat d.o into holes and hidiQg plac~ frt)m tlie

paws of the rat and of the lion. "

it). 'An'd afler thee I will sensl the fifth

Sasan to prophecy.

80. I~et us seek help from 'AIez"~am, t~

pure'E$sence, the UncompoWlded, tlie Creator

of all propertiei!

" ' ,

t Y ~z·l~ ,Ind Ahrim,n. Per,.

t The 1IIf'lnlOK I,f lhii khlok-~pr,;'ti h not e'~'r,. "lilt. 'j ..

• lJudt"S 10 Lhc .emu.Ia'7 aud trudel, IDllJclrdoe.'Lflb.It1·..-

'~Im..... .

S 'J't,zi., rtrl, ..

'

SIIGT SASAN TH E FIRST. 197

• 1.' MezdAm hath chosen 'thee for pro-.

,beey; .

.82. ADd thoG art ODe of tbe great prophets;

83. I have lent thee (who like- all the

fermer prophets art the Lord of a Book) ..

unto aU the inhabitants of the lower world.

I. . .

'. - '4. Invite all to the faith of the great

Abid.

85. Everyone that ,doth not corbe, shall

be an inbabitant of bell.

, .

80. Thou didst pray, 0 L.ord of the

World! Confer the royalty ort my seed!

8;. I wi!l raise up Ht!rde\'ir,· and select

hirq fot ~overeignty. ,

·8S •. Let us ask help of Mezd~m, the Pure -

. of essence, the Uncompotln4ed, the Creator ~

of q uali ties!

sg. Everyone whose soul maketh choice :

of equity, when he 'throweth uffthe boclr"l

• . sball arri ve at me. .

COJUIENT,ARY. Be it obIerved t that tl,e 88,1.19111.

ed.intelligent bodied prolmet, Ky f{hOMJ'Ou, tbe .on-.r

Sin "., in the book SeI,.,"i.imllrr (.,,,·I.prat'liai)

.. ,., The re'lJeCt&bJe tN.IIi. lIaW un~"

00. In every thing a medium i. best.

• Ard".tltr, ,..,

t Tile ill ... " V c .....

•

,

•

~

-. .. '~~-.~~~~____ . I. zr ~~"""~~~'~,sL-~'~-.C~7 • ' _ _.. .'p

_____ J-~~.nil' .. i ••

_ .... __ ...... _S55P w:..

•

198 l'H S BOOIi 0'

COMMEHAnl'. H.e S8YI,. When the force M'tbe ...

derstanding is excessive, it draws towards arlafice and

is caled cunning; iF deficient or lit lie, it becomc!l r01.

lror tHupidity; wltile the middle it at eo, whiet. is the

,"ommendabl~ one, is good sense or wisdom. 1u hk.

manner the strength of desire ill. it, excet.· draIN (a

passion, anll is called lu~t; in its ddiciency, it is frigidity;

while the medium is abstinence, chrJIllity; modesty.

And if the inftuence of conrnge be exces\ive, men gel

the hnbit of flying out ou all ocU)liol1l, alld' are calf1d.

ql1arel.om~ and frQy·seekers; if it be in defect, *y

are denominated GOward!; while. those in ahe midcJJo

between the two nre brave or fipirired. Ev.er! soul in

which is fOIJQd this glory of lzed, thot ii, j~lstice, acts

nccorrling to whnt is jUl't and rigllt., and \then illfiftl

t\le umly gO~8 to join ~he angels.nd is uo,ited to God.

A nll I he Dnge~.lDindcd prQphet has many .imilar 00·

aervalians.

g 1. Let us seek bel p from Mead~n,

pure of essence, the Uncompounded, the

Creator of qualities.

02. All that I have told thee will. in its

appointed 'time, come to p.ass,. in the {ace

of mankind.

g3. After thee, the fifth SasAn is my prophet.

the

•

I

"~__

I __-

•

(I

'.

....

0. THB

titSPE'CTED SJ'SJN THE FIF7!H •. ·

i. LET UI take ;~flJge with l\lezdrim!

from evil thoughts which mislead amt,'3~ict~

2. In tbe name· of Sbamta," the Bene4-.

ceat, the Liberal" the G~lIJiou8'" thcr Just !.

3. In the name of ·)te~dam ! '

I

of. 0 Ardenu· the fifth - • • • • " .•

s. Now ba"fe I ChOSeD thee for pro-'

pbeey;

6. A nd, thou art my (riend; bide not' tho'

:rjght road.

7. And the' right road is the rogd of the

Great Abad. t

8. Blest is his religion. .

g, There is DO one who .eeketh Me, and

•

indetb Me not i

to. -And there i. no one ,,~ dbth·· net

know· of My'eiistence ;

•

COIIIIIKT Aa y. Or who belien. tbat I do not exist.

11. All know ~re according to' tbe ca2a ..

city of their understanding;

"

• p".., sa.1n. Til. lilter plrt elf thi, YUle il u.iaJ,lIi ..

libl ...

t Perl. Buzurglhld j ,I." C'"lI .. d Ferdbid Ind Mt'h,bad~

an ut • bic:b bnc lb •• IIIIC ID all' .. '.

lie

•

._,

~~ __ ~'~.·~"n~. ___

•

.__ __ ~ ~.""""""7~'=-"""""F

.. r

,

iOO I

THR BOOK OF Tal

12. Somttbing they .ay, and something

they imagine;

13. And think that .right which th~~.

lie,.e.

1... And this error proceedetb from tW'o

things ~

1 s. The ODe ignorance, tbe other .ambition.

10 .. NoW' .hew unto plankind thy right

road.

COIIIIBRTA&Y. He say., 0 8uab the fittb,thereil

DO one wbo :loves file and seek. me that does-nol Jiod •

1Cf0rding to hi. wisbet. AU leek me, and find me ia

proportion to their capacit, ; an41 ,here il DO IfCt whick

11)'1 tbal I do not es.ist. The, all. deem .hat thJ

prore. to be lOund and trae; but they do not jtd&e.

aright. The reuon of tbis iI twofold. ODe, IDd tile

chief, il ignorance, which, frOID delect of know..,.'

dfems that to be ri,b' which it wrong. 'I'he • i

ambition "bieh incline. them to makemenfollo ....

causin, them to aWed preeminence aud to take ,..; •

aDd u tbey pos_ DO direct mean I to pia s_ ..

ftllden,y, weyare obliged, in the Int place, bl deaeiI,

by aftlieting harmleu animals, and by foolisb t1oc&r_

to corrupt. a· Hct, after which they direc:t it.

11. 10 the name of Mezdam !

1 8. Thou hast beheld the wicked Hiras·

is who have slain. Herjiwar •

•

tE!!P!CT~b SASAN TBE FIR!T. .,

1 g. Him whom I exalted have they CUt

. I

down.

20. But they shall bot obtaitt tliat (ot

"'hich they have perpetrated this wicked.

deed.

21. And in place of benefit, I will send

them wretchedness.

22. I deemed them .11appy in th~ love of

tbei r pri bees.

23& t· • • , •

24. 1A! they shall JJle~t with tetribulion

froni the ITasis. .

2ts. They shall reap tb~ harvest of their

tnisdeeds from men dressed in §green; and

men dressed in blatk;,

20. And the avtngers are a greedy band I:

27. Who quartel witli each other. a~d

are evil-doers, and do not what thei.r great

one hath spokeh ;

28. And wh'o kill lhtiJ' thief Dien for

.

p1n:

•

t Thi. O'd tent b •• bo Peral.a "an.lalion .ad '0 me i •

• ahiattlligible. . ,

t p.". Tdia.

• Tbe .. en in _tefft .... tb. Sytde or dHundanb of Ma.

lIomftl. The .11I1'ion to m.n in bl.ck. i. atill kept Ul) .mane

Ih. tb •. "or.h.pp,r. of P .. rl1l, wbe called lb. Ml4IU .. tmI,

Sial jawi, clad ia bluk.

, ....

. I

•

..,

THl BOOK OF THE

20. Their piety is to slay harmless ani.

ma]s; their prayers to copulate.·

. 30. And Nimkar§ too shall beoome o'erpowerlng.

a 1. When their religion shall haye lasted

a thousand years, it shall be such~ in con·

aequence of divisions, that, were th~ir lb

·gislator to see it, he would Dot know it

again.

32. And thou shalt see the Hirtasiuuch

that no one, shall bear a wise speech froIQ

th~m.

s~. If they speak truth they are barato

sed;

34. Instead of sensible words tbey."

answered-with weapon! of \\"ar.

BS. From the wickedness ot mankind did

·it arise that such an angel .. t(:mpcred ~king

was taken from the Hirtasis.

36. 0 Sasan! evils.await thee.

37. Thou art ~Iy prophet.

88. If Illankind follow tbee not, (or them

js it evil, not for thee.

COMMENTARY ••'or the honour of.& prophet dftII

not ari~e fron, all m~1I obt"yilJg him and niiiag him LO

t Ptr,~ ".mll~n, .lr .. ~dl tlllaiold a. "furln .... the

CO"'- rr, ~~nn" th .. Oxu ..

U Kholf~uP~rvt:J.

.. ,

RESPECTED SAIAN THE FIRST.

lOS

the lovereignty: and it il not 111 wi.h tliat 10a ahoo1cl

by I)) be deemed worthy of cxalta~iOD, Altd CODlidere4

u annoancing the truth.

30. The good will come into thy path;

",0. A~d the git't of prophec1,~ball al ..

ways ,remain 81llong thy leed. .

4 J. ,Lay not affliction to beart, for MeaclAm

will give it an end,

-I:. And, in the end, the oppressors sh.U

jlce from your Avenger, as the Qlouse trom

hole to hQle. '

COIIIII~NTA BY ~

At, th~ time when V tZ(lln .. ~"t thill,

t.i. humble adorer, to Merv in the Ii ... of Parv&, nay

re-peeted fatller received this revrhtioll from tht "'orl"

Ilooye, ... d the grandees _nd Ihe king qf kinga aillo

laW it ill a dream, and, coming in a body, attacht>d

tbemselves to my IIttct. Anel the Most JUIi~ elevated

_ me aloll ~ many times, that I cnn~10l reclton them;

and these ~le"atioD' are 11i1l cqntinued. A.ld I beheld

the place·ofoo:bodiea like a drQP in the ocran of soul, ;

~ I'pd I taw the place.of,solJls like a drop in Ihr 1)lac~.

of-intl'lligences t IDd the plan of ,nlel\igeDcel li~ •

4lrop ira the ocean of the Di \'ine Essence.

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