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Slides - Åbo Akademi

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Triple Modular Redundancy<br />

Reminder: TMR system consists of three<br />

parallel modules<br />

Reliability of a single module is R m (t)<br />

Reliability of a TMR system that consists of three identical modules, is<br />

R TMR (t) = R 3 M(t) + 3R 2 M(t)(1 − R M (t)) = 3R 2 M(t) − 2R 3 M(t)<br />

Reliability of the TMR arrangement may be worse than the reliability of<br />

an individual module!

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