K - College of Natural Resources - University of California, Berkeley
K - College of Natural Resources - University of California, Berkeley
K - College of Natural Resources - University of California, Berkeley
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model as the best combination <strong>of</strong> accuracy and parsimony in fitting the aggregated data<br />
(Table 1).) Because several <strong>of</strong> the source reports were published in inaccessible or<br />
foreign-language publications, we contacted Dr. Raymond Gani directly and he kindly<br />
provided the raw data from their analyses. We based our analysis <strong>of</strong> pneumonic plague<br />
on these data, with reference to the source report for the Mukden outbreak which we<br />
analyzed more closely in Table 2 (Tieh et al. 1948). Mukden is a city in Manchuria,<br />
China, which experienced a pneumonic plague outbreak in 1946 with 12 cases before<br />
control measures and 27 cases after the advent <strong>of</strong> control. Control measures included<br />
isolation and quarantine (in a suburban area) <strong>of</strong> all patients and contacts, disinfection<br />
and locking <strong>of</strong> infected houses, and wearing <strong>of</strong> masks required for all contacts and<br />
advised for the general population.<br />
Avian H5N1 Influenza, Southeast Asia 2004 (Ferguson et al. 2004)<br />
These data come from surveillance <strong>of</strong> the avian influenza epidemic in Southeast<br />
Asia, as summarized in April 2004. Of 33 confirmed H5N1 cases in humans, 31 were<br />
conclusively attributed to avian-to-human transmission, while 2 cases were possibly due<br />
to human-to-human transmission (from the same source case). While this human-to-<br />
human transmission was not confirmed, the pattern is consistent with recent reports <strong>of</strong><br />
limited transmission <strong>of</strong> H5N1 avian influenza by prolonged intimate contact within<br />
families in Thailand ProMED-mail. Avian influenza, human - East Asia (48): Thailand.<br />
ProMED-mail 2004; 28 Sep: 20040928.2680. . Accessed<br />
28 September 2004..<br />
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